近期国内棉花市场行情分析与展望

受政策调整预期、植棉成本不断上升、种植业结构调整等因素影响,2014年中国棉花播种面积普遍下降。2014年以来,皮棉价格震荡下行,国内外价差缩小;棉花临储工作全部完成,收储630.7万t;棉花进口量大幅减少,国内纺纱量有所增长,纺织品服装出口略有恢复。棉花目标价格政策对市场影响尚未完全展现,未来市场不确定性仍然较大。受国内经济增速放缓、棉花目标价格政策和储备棉投放新政实施等多种因素影响,预计短期内国内棉花价格将继续下行。     

Reflections on the influence of a synthesis of circle‐hook evidence on the angling community and conservation policy and practice

1. Understanding how different forms of environmental evidence inform the actions of different stakeholders is useful to improve how we share knowledge with knowledge users. Reflections on a literature review that we published in 2004 on circle hooks as a tool for fish conservation in the recreational fishing sector identified a number of ways in which that synthesis was influential.
2. The article has had direct influence on policy and regulations in a number of countries, but there were even more examples of where the article has been used to influence voluntary guidelines. The article also contributed to formally defining circle hooks, which was necessary from a regulatory and enforcement perspective.
3. The recreational fishing community has also embraced the work, with numerous angling articles based on the literature review appearing in the media and with some angler organizations pushing for the adoption of circle hooks. The fishing tackle industry has also responded with evidence that circle hooks are now more widely available in stores with more hook design options to suit diverse recreational fisheries. In addition, the influence of the article has extended beyond the recreational sector to commercial fishery issues that span several taxa. The research agenda from the article helped to direct research for more than a decade and has since been updated.
4. Overall, this review was timely in that it provided various knowledge users with credible information synthesized in a thoughtful manner at a time when there was interest and need in exploring circle hooks as a tool to enhance the conservation of angled fish. Although this was not a systematic review, it still served as a form of evidence synthesis that gave diverse knowledge users information to guide them in their decisions.

     

中国“产业沼气”的开发及其应用前景

“产业沼气”是指规模化地生产并纯化沼气,使之能像天然气和液化气那样,由管道或气罐（瓶）输送和装运,方便地应用;有别于通常所说的农户沼气。中国天然气资源很紧缺,而能替代天然气的沼气的巨大资源潜力尚未被广泛认识和认真地开发。该文分析对比了欧盟国家开发产业沼气的成功实践,提出要使中国有机废物/液的沼气处理摆脱只讲环保公益、缺乏经济效益的被动局面,开发出可观的洁净商品沼气,实现环境效益和经济效益“双赢”。该文还分析了中国产业沼气的5种主要资源和实现产业化必须克服的技术、政策瓶颈。结论指出,中期内中国产业沼气具有相当于年产900亿m3天然气的开发潜力,是很有前景的生物质能源。     

关于桦甸市农业政策性保险的调查及思考

实践证明,实施农业政策性保险在化解农业生产风险,增强风险防御能力,确保农业生产安全,提高财政支农资金效率等方面具有重要作用。特别是对于桦甸市这样一个具有丰富资源,发展潜力巨大的县级城市而言,深入开展农业政策性保险,对于调整农户种植结构,调动农民生产积极性,促进农业增资和推进新农村建设都具有重要意义。     

“城中村”改造中的文化拒斥现象探析——基于“城中村”政策执行的视角

＂城中村＂改造中的文化拒斥问题一直备受社会各界的关注,成为近年来理论界的热点问题。以建设社会主义新农村和推进农村改革发展为背景,力图在相关概念界定的基础上,从＂城中村＂政策执行的视角对文化拒斥＂城中村＂政策执行的主要表现形式、原因进行探析,进而就如何破解＂城中村＂改造中的文化拒斥难题提出了相应的对策建议。     

Cross-Sectoral Policy Linkages and Environmental Accounting in Forestry

Abstract

It is important to analyze cross-sectoral policy linkages and to quantify their effects by using the system of integrated environmental and economic accounting in order to ensure effective integration of forestry into national development. This paper reviews relevant policy linkages in the forestry sector, policy applications of forestry accounts, and challenges to their implementation. It argues for the need to develop regional or local accounting methods providing social, environmental, and economic data to allow assessment of the combined impacts of different public policies. It emphasizes the urgency of strengthening the management capacity of public agencies in dealing with complex policy networks addressing sustainable and multifunctional forest management.     

地方政府公共政策执行力系统分析

地方政府公共政策执行力由介入政策过程的诸因素构成。这些因素之间存在相互约束的逻辑关系。根据介入政策过程的不同环节，将政策系统分为环境系统、过程系统、政策领域和政策手段。     

Emerging Markets for Ecosystem Services

Abstract

Four main areas of learning were pursued during this exploration of die emerging markets for ecosystem services. First, die markets in Panama are dominated by the Panama Canal Authority and by timber revenues. Any strategy for expanding ecosystem services markets will have to reflect diese realities. Second, while the scientific and business components of die framework we used to analyze diese markets covered all the key points, more work needs to be done on die policy component. Articulating a simple, yet effective approach for developing policy recommendations to improve ecosystem services markets in context remains a key need. Third, valuable lessons were learned about ensuring tiiat the students capture die maximum benefits from an international, clinically-based field trip. Finally, interdisciplinary teaching/ research benefits dramatically from botii a focus on a single problem and recognition that the key challenge is turning complex scientific knowledge into accessible, good advice.     

农业经济政策与粮食主产区农民增收耦合机制发展研究

通过改进的索洛模型,对建国以来我国农业经济政策与粮食主产区农民增收发展的历史与现状进行了实证。结果显示:农业经济政策制定与实施力度的直接贡献度与粮食主产区农民增收成正相关关系,在此基础上提出相应耦合机制的政策建议。