陕西省商州山区城乡建设的SWOT分析

述了南水北调（中线）水源地陕西商洛商州区城乡规划建设现状,基于SWOT法分析了城乡规划建设环境.结果表明：商州区城乡规划建设拥有诸多机遇和优势,也面临着一定的劣势和不足.政府应借助机遇和优势,创建西安后花园,发展特色产业,努力提高城镇化率;同时,政府也要认真审视自身劣势,努力变劣势为优势,战胜威胁,积极打造精品山水城市.     

城区山岳型森林公园发展策略研究——以广东省云浮东山森林公园为例

以广东云浮东山森林公园为例,分析城区山岳型森林公园的特点,运用SWOT分析法分析其发展中存在的优势和劣势及面临的机遇和挑战,并提出相应的发展策略.     

南方丘陵山区水稻生产机械化发展现状与对策

概述了以江西为典型南方丘陵山区地理地貌特征的水稻生产机械化发展状况,分析了耕、种、管、收4个主要环节上水稻生产机械化作业存在的问题,对制约南方丘陵山区水稻生产机械化发展的农村劳动力、农田基础建设、农机装备技术、政策引导等因素进行探讨,提出了促进南方丘陵山区水稻生产全程机械化大发展的对策与建议.     

不同坡度及坡向条件下的土壤侵蚀特征研究——以淮河北部支流低山丘陵区为例

借助RS和GIS技术获取研究区土壤侵蚀的相关影响因子,运用RUSLE土壤侵蚀模型,计算研究区土壤侵蚀模数,进行侵蚀强度分级,并探讨不同坡度和坡向条件下的土壤侵蚀特征。结果表明,研究区平均土壤侵蚀模数为1 173.755 t/(km2·a),年侵蚀总量约9.56×107t;约96%的区域为微度侵蚀;轻度以上侵蚀主要发生在西部和北部的低山丘陵区,侵蚀土壤面积占总面积的3.32%,但泥沙流失量的比重为72.024%,是防治水土流失的关键区域;随着坡度的增加,侵蚀面积呈先减小后增大而后又减小的趋势,8°~15°坡度带是土壤侵蚀状况的转折点;不同坡向条件下,土壤侵蚀面积由大到小的顺序为半阳坡、阳坡、阴坡和平地,半阳坡侵蚀面积约占总侵蚀面积的50%。     

南方山地森林小班蓄积量调查方法的对比分析

以南方山地森林为研究对象,选取有代表性的4个小班,分别采用角规抽样调查法、中心样圆法、样圆群法、六株木法、垂直样带法、标准地法共6种方法对小班蓄积量进行测定,并从6种方法的调查精度、误差大小、工作量及工具和仪器的难易程度等方面对小班蓄积量进行了对比分析,认为角规抽样调查法是最适合南方山地森林小班蓄积量的调查方法。     

海南石灰岩地区的种子植物区系

【目的】了解海南石灰岩地区种子植物区系组成、性质等基本特征.【方法】野外实地调查、标本采集与鉴定,数据统计分析.【结果和结论】海南石灰岩地区现共记录种子植物1 176种58变种1变型,隶属于142科645属,其中裸子植物5科5属7种,被子植物137科640属1 169种58变种1变型.具有明显的热带性质,以热带、亚热带成分尤其是热带亚洲成分为主,热带、亚热带成分分别占总科数和总属数的73.24%和87.75%;温带成分在海南石灰岩地区得到一定的发展,温带性质科占总科数的11.97%,属占总属数的7.29%.该地区物种丰富,以占不到全岛2%的面积,分布高达27.26%的种类,但属内种类较为贫乏,以单种科和寡种科为主,共计113科,占总科数的79.58%;中国特有属有2属.     

高海拔山地引种栽培中华圣桃技术

通过对湖南省桑植县引种栽培的中华圣桃,进行环境适应能力和产量及品质的调查,总结出中华圣桃的引种栽培技术。中华圣桃在高海拔山地生长发育情况正常,产量稳定,经济价值高,完全适宜推广栽培。     

喀斯特山区玉米抗旱栽培技术探讨

2012年以来,广西大化县大力推广玉米地膜覆盖、秸秆覆盖、集雨灌溉、适时套播等关键技术,使春、秋2季玉米在干旱少雨的条件下,仍能获得较高的产量。笔者通过近年来对该县玉米抗旱技术的应用调查,分析总结该县玉米抗旱生产的关键措施,以供山区玉米抗旱栽培参考。     

鼎湖山冬青属“生观赏植物资源 及其园林应用研究

冬青属是冬青科植物在我国分布的唯一属,有较突出的观赏价值,但在乡土植物园林应用研究方面却 一直未得到足够的重视。鼎湖山境内冬青属植物种质资源丰富,多数至今尚未得到开发利用。通过对该区25 种“生 冬青属植物资源的实地调查,分析其种质资源、生境贮量、观赏特性,就加强鼎湖山冬青属植物的引种应用、生物学 研究和乡土园林景观应用研究,发挥园林绿化潜力,提升园林应用品质,服务生态园林城市建设及综合性利用提出 了指导性建议。     

Taxonomic and functional macroinvertebrate diversity of high-altitude ponds in the Macun Cirque,Switzerland

1. Global environmental change is threatening freshwater biodiversity with ecological impacts predicted to be particularly severe in high-altitude regions. Despite this, an ecological understanding of high-altitude pond networks remains patchy, with only limited knowledge of the environmental and spatial predictors of taxonomic and functional diversity. Moreover, previous studies of pond ecosystems have focused primarily on taxonomic richness and largely overlooked functional diversity.
2. This study examined the influence of local environmental and spatial factors on taxonomic and functional α and β diversity (including the turnover and nestedness-resultant components) of 17 high-altitude (~2,500 m above sea level) pond macroinvertebrate communities, in the Macun Cirque, Switzerland.
3. Spatial processes (pond connectivity) were important drivers for taxonomic α diversity, while local environmental variables (pond permanence and surface area) were important determinants of functional α diversity. Species turnover was the most important component of β diversity for taxonomic composition, and functional composition demonstrated a nested spatial pattern.
4. Variation in taxonomic and functional composition (and the turnover and nestedness components of β diversity) were determined by local environmental variables despite the limited environmental gradients within the pond network. No significant effects of spatial variables on community composition were recorded for either facet of diversity, indicating that compositional variation was determined at a local scale. Water temperature, depth and pond permanence were consistently the most important measured drivers of diversity.
5. Given the importance of both spatial and environmental variables in structuring taxonomic and functional diversity, landscape-scale conservation and management activities that aim to improve or protect high-altitude freshwater biodiversity should focus on maintaining connectivity among ponds and environmental heterogeneity, particularly pond surface area, water depth, and hydroperiod. Understanding the mechanisms driving taxonomic and functional diversity will be critically important for the management and conservation of macroinvertebrate communities in high-altitude pond networks in the face of climatic warming.