Histology of two rice bodies isolated from the stifle of an adult draught horse stallion

In the human and equine species, different kinds of free floating intra-articular particles are related to certain disorders. Osteochondral fragments formed during osteochondrosis dissecans are the most common finding in the equine species, whereas in humans rice bodies due to rheumatoid arthritis are more frequent. Herein we report a third type of floating body inside the stifle of an adult draught horse stallion, in macroscopic appearance similar to articular rice bodies known in humans. As revealed by histologic examination, the two particles consist of polypoid degenerated structures derived from synovial villi. Their formation was probably induced by ischemia.     

Is dose‐splitting of graminicides as effective as a single application?

Dose‐splitting or reduced dose repeat application, i.e. the application of a herbicide twice to the same plant, is likely to become a more common scenario in future, if farmers adopt the use of novel techniques for prediction of herbicide efficacy shortly after application. Fourteen pot experiments were conducted to study whether graminicides applied to annual grass weeds as dose‐splitting treatments were as effective as single applications. The influence of time interval between applications and the ratio of the doses of the two applications were studied. Two statistical approaches were applied: comparison of the ED₉₀ of the single treatments and a joint action model. The study revealed that flupyrsulfuron, iodosulfuron, sulfosulfuron, clodinafop and glyphosate could be applied as repeat treatments with up to 14 days’ interval between the two applications without loss of activity. In some experiments, particularly with iodosulfuron, dose‐splitting enhanced herbicide performance. By contrast, prosulfocarb responded adversely, most likely due to the pronounced impact of weed growth stage on the activity of this herbicide. The ratio of the doses and the timing between the two applications had no significant influence on herbicide responses. The results of the present studies showed that even if a reduced dose of a graminicide results in an unsatisfactory control and it is necessary to re‐spray, the overall use of herbicide will not increase, if methods are available that can predict the efficacy of a herbicide application within the first 1–2 weeks after application.     

基于两变量联合分布的干旱特征分析

以标准降水指数作为干旱指标,通过Copula函数构造干旱历时和干旱程度的联合分布来分析干旱的基本特征,并以汉江上游为例进行了应用研究.结果表明,由于联合分布考虑了两变量之间的各种组合,并且可以求出各干旱历时或干旱程度下的条件概率,因此,能够更全面地反映干旱的特征.     

毒死蜱与氟虫腈复配对环境生物的影响研究

本文测定了毒死蜱与氟虫腈及其复配对靶标生物小菜蛾和二化螟的室内活性,对非靶标生物意大利蜜蜂、家蚕、斑马鱼的毒性。试验结果为毒死蜱对小菜蛾,二化螟,蜜蜂,斑马鱼,家蚕的LC50分别为586.2,45.97,2.482,0.723,1.749mg/L;氟虫腈对上述生物的LC50分别为0.121 4,1.038,0.025 1,0.180,2.325mg/L;复配后对上述生物的LC50分别为0.5256,5.626,1.983,0.535,1.528mg/L。复配后对小菜蛾、二化螟的共毒系数为230.6、153.3,对蜜蜂、斑马鱼、家蚕的共毒系数为11.6、103.8、117.3。     

The availability of state-level data on interstate cattle movements in the United States

Knowledge about the patterns of animal movement – particularly feeder-cattle movement – within the USA is necessary in order to anticipate how diseases might be spread geographically. This study was conducted to explore the availability of interstate-level movement data which might be used to develop a more coherent national picture of interstate feeder-cattle movement. State Statistical Offices of the National Agricultural Statistics Service, 1996 (NASS) and Departments of Agriculture in all 50 states were contacted to determine the type of information collected regarding the import and export of feeder cattle. Eighteen of the 50 states contacted recorded updated import and export information by using certificates of veterinary inspection and (occasionally) entry permits for verification. The 18 states were: Alabama, Colorado, Florida, Hawaii, Idaho, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Maryland, Massachusetts, Minnesota, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, Texas, West Virginia, Wisconsin, and Wyoming. Profiles of import and export data from Kansas, Texas, Colorado and Iowa (the primary receivers of 51% of total 1995 imports) were developed. These four states received at least 50% of their cattle imports from <9 different states. As a result, approximately half of the nation's import movement can be explained by a total of 13 states and Mexico (excluding duplicates). Also, >50% of the exports from Kansas, Texas, Colorado, and Iowa go to ≤3 states. This import and export information confirms conclusions of others that cattle tend to move toward the center of the USA. However, if more states kept comprehensive, up-to-date records of movement information, knowledge about cattle-movement patterns in the USA would be importantly increased. The lack of specific notations on certificates of veterinary inspection can lead only to perceived trends; the present records have limited value in tracking animal movement.     

LOW-FIELD MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING OF EARLY SUBCHONDRAL CYST-LIKE LESIONS IN INDUCED CRANIAL CRUCIATE LIGAMENT DEFICIENT DOGS

Six healthy adult male mongrel dogs underwent cranial cruciate ligament transection in the left stifle. Survey radiography of both stifles and low-field (0.064 T) MRI of the left stifle were performed preoperatively and at 2, 6, and 12 weeks postoperatively. Focal changes in signal intensity were seen with MRI in the subchondral bone of the medial tibial condyle at 2 and 6 weeks postoperatively. At 12 weeks postoperative, a cyst-like lesion was detected using MRI in the subchondral bone of the medial tibial condyle in 4 of 6 dogs and a less defined lesion at this site in the remaining 2 dogs. The cyst-like lesion was spherical in shape and showed typical characteristics of fluid with low signal intensity on T1-weighted images, high signal intensity on T2-weighted images and high signal intensity on inversion recovery images. The lesion was seen in the subchondral bone of the caudal medial and/or middle region of the tibial plateau slightly cranial to the insertion of the caudal cruciate ligament. No subchondral cysts were seen in the tibia on radiographs. Histopathologically, the tibia was characterized by a loose myxomatous phase of early subchondral cyst formation.     

大型烟囱垂直度偏差的测量方法

大型烟囱一般是工业厂区的高耸建筑，经过几十年的使用，需要重新鉴定其结构可靠性，烟囱的垂直度，是一个很重要的安全指标。由于烟囱为圆形截面，不能直接测量，而且工业厂区内建筑较多，通视条件较差，给测量带来很多困难。通过测量烟囱上下两个标高处的外轮廓水平角度，换算出上下标高处的相对水平偏移角，再用角度交汇方法求出最终偏移值，经过精度分析，完全满足工程精度要求。本文以上海某大型烟囱为例，提出了对已有烟囱垂直度偏差的检测方法，以用于大型服役烟囱的监测。     

影响简易瞬态工况法(VMAS)测量精度因素分析

控制在用车的排放已经成为共识,国家标准规定了几种在用汽车排放的测量方法,简易瞬态工况法(VMAS)是其中之一.给出了简易瞬态工况法(VMAS)检测设备系统的组成和测量原理,从设备自身、被检车辆、人为因素、燃油品质和周围环境等几个方面分析了影响简易瞬态工况法(VMAS)测量精度的因素.     

MVC模式在粮油检验信息管理系统中的研究与应用

随着Internet的迅速发展和Web技术的广泛应用,出现了许多基于Web工作方式和MVC设计模式开发的大型应用系统。通过分析目前流行的MVC模式的工作原理和性能特点以及研究基于MVC和浏览器/服务器（B/S）多层体系结构,在J2EE开发环境下采用JSP、Servlet、EJB等核心技术对粮油检验信息管理系统进行了框架设计。     

无（微）损检测技术在木结构古建筑中的应用及发展

介绍了古建筑木构件勘查中常用的无（微）损检测技术,阐述了各种仪器工作原理、检测方法及其优缺点,其中包括皮罗钉、阻力仪、应力波和超声波检测设备。基于以上技术,结合古建筑木构件特点,提出仪器结合使用、构件分类检测、设备便携化以及以树种鉴定为基础的木结构古建筑无损评估体系。

Abstract：

Commonly used nondestructive inspection technologies involved in the survey of the wood structures of ancient buildings are introduced and the inspection methods,working principle,advantages and disadvantages of various instruments,including of pilodyn,re