Program design and realization by the columnlength amending method to simulate the construction

This paper uses the column length amending method to realize the construction simulation,and verified the feasibility of the column length amending method and the accuracy of the program design by comparing calculation results of examples.Due to the characteristic of the column length amending method,it is convenient to consider many factor affection of concrete during the construction process.At same time,each layer can be analyzed conveniently after construction.     

杨木单板条层积材的蠕变性能分析

采用三点弯曲的方法对杨木单板条层积材进行了30%和40% 2个应力水平的蠕变试验,并用四元件Burger模型对蠕变数据进行拟合。结果表明,四元件Burger模型很适合用于描述杨木单板条层积材的蠕变变形,且随着应力水平的增加,PSL的瞬时弹性变形增加。     

平面应变状态下黄土蠕变研究

【目的】研究平面应变状态下岩土材料长期的沉降变形规律。【方法】采用改造的平面蠕变仪对重塑黄土进行一系列固结平面蠕变试验,分析试样在不同含水率、固结压力、剪应力下的变化特性,并利用模型对变化规律进行拟合。【结果】试样在30%含水率、50kPa固结压力、300kPa剪应力下,轴向形变量达到最大值14.54%,而且剪应力大小对含水率较高和固结压力较低的土体蠕变效应敏感性较强。数据分析表明,Singh-Mitchell和Mesri等经典蠕变模型对试验规律的描述精度较差,而建立的经验模型不仅适合黄土平面蠕变变化规律分析,而且具有参数少且容易获得等优点。【结论】利用所建立的经验模型可以模拟黄土平面应变状态下的蠕变规律。     

粉煤灰对高强混凝土收缩徐变的影响试验研究及其修正模型

粉煤灰对高强混凝土收缩徐变的影响直接关系到结构长期性能的合理确定。制作粉煤灰掺量分别为0、12%和24%的100 mm×100 mm×400 mm的C50混凝土棱柱体试件,在试验室条件下进行收缩及不同加载龄期的徐变试验,研究了粉煤灰对高强混凝土收缩徐变的影响。根据试验结果评估了目前常用的4种相关规范公式对高强混凝土收缩徐变的适用性,并引入粉煤灰影响系数以综合反映粉煤灰掺量和加载龄期对高强混凝土收缩徐变的影响,根据试验结果和现有研究成果提出了其修正模型。分析结果表明,JTG D 62和GL 2000推荐的收缩徐变预测模式与基准试件实测结果较为吻合,验证结论亦说明所引入的粉煤灰影响系数可应用于掺粉煤灰高强混凝土的收缩徐变预测。     

加筋膨胀土挡墙蠕变试验研究

通过模拟试验研究了加筋膨胀土挡墙的蠕变特性,考虑了含水量对膨胀土的特殊作用.通过对试验结果进行分析后认为加筋膨胀土挡墙在含水量和温度升高时其蠕变变形会变大;膨胀土的湿胀干缩特性使加筋土中筋材并非一直处于受拉状态,可以减缓筋材的蠕变性质;在较低的极限荷载比例下,膨胀土体中含水量的变化对蠕变起主要作用,在较高的极限荷载比例下,加筋膨胀土的恒载对蠕变起主要作用.     

Effect of microfibril angle on the longitudinal tensile creep behavior of wood

In this report, we undertook studies of the viscoelastic properties of wood from the viewpoint of the fine structure and properties of the constituent materials in the wood cell wall. To measure the mechanical properties of the wood as the behavior of the cell wall, it is required to perform the longitudinal tensile test using a homogeneous specimen. In this study, microtomed specimens of sugi (Cryptomeria japonica D.Don) earlywood were used for the creep test, which were conducted at the fiber saturation point. The substantial creep compliance of the cell wall was simulated using a simplified viscoelastic model consisting of a Voigt element and an independent spring in series. Based on the experimental results, the values of the parameters were optimized. The results were as follows: (1) the longitudinal tensile creep deformation tends to increase with the elapsed time, similar to the bending creep behavior; (2) the magnitude of the longitudinal creep function increases with MFA; and (3) each parameter in the simplified viscoelastic model is markedly affected by the MFA. Based on these results, the mechanism of the longitudinal tensile creep deformation of wood is discussed.     

3种薄木贴面木塑复合材料蠕变性能比较

研究采用薄木贴面木塑复合材料代替实木作为办公家具异型封边材料的适用性。通过分析不同树种对薄木贴面PVC基木塑复合材料静曲强度和蠕变性能的影响规律,确定较佳薄木种类。结果表明:在不同树种的薄木贴面中,抗蠕变性能由大到小依次为:黑胡桃>小鞋木豆>栎木。在一定时间(48 h)内,各组试验样品的最终挠度值随载荷增加而增大。黑胡桃薄木贴面在3种试验材料中最适宜作为办公家具异型封边材料使用。     

宣纸流变模型的研究

以宣纸为研究对象,研究其在张力状态下的蠕变和松弛行为.结果表明:采用伯格斯(Burgers)四元件模型能够很好地描述宣纸的蠕变行为,其拉伸蠕变包括弹性变形、黏弹性变形和塑性变形.在总应变中,弹性应变占62%～78%,黏弹性应变占17%～25%,塑性应变占4%～13%.在一定温度和湿度下、在0.2～0.8σmax载荷范围内,弹性应变、黏弹性应变和塑性应变在总体上均随着应力水平增大而相应增加,但弹性应变所占的比例逐渐减小,黏弹性应变和塑性应变所占的比例逐渐增大,最后都趋于稳定.在相同拉应力下,同一张宣纸横向的蠕变小于纵向.利用2阶5参数的Maxwell五元件模型可以描述宣纸的松弛行为,五个元件参数在不同应变水平下变动不大,基本上可视为材料的常参数.     

沥青稳定碎石基层混合料低温抗裂性能试验研究

本文采用弯曲试验和低温弯曲蠕变试验,针对3种典型级配的沥青稳定碎石基层混合料,进行了低温抗裂性能检验。分析表明:应变能密度临界值指标评价沥青混合料的低温抗裂性能更加科学;沥青稳定碎石矿质混合料级配对低温抗裂性影响较大,级配偏上限有较好的低温抗裂性能。