发展反刍动物绿色营养技术

作者把以提高反刍动物对日粮营养物质的利用率和减少对环境污染为目标的一整套实用的营养技术称之为反刍动物绿色营养技术。本文从提高氮代谢利用率、提高日粮能量利用率和提高日粮矿物质元素利用率三个方面介绍了国际上在这些方面的研究进展和技术进步 ,并着重介绍了内蒙古畜牧科学院近年来在发展反刍动物绿色营养技术方面的研究成果。本文介绍的反刍动物绿色营养技术措施有以下九种 :(1)饲料蛋白质保护和尿素缓释技术 ;(2)激素调控氮代谢技术 ;(3)进入小肠食糜氨基酸平衡技术 ;(4)降低甲烷发散技术 ;(5)日粮营养结构平衡调控技术(利用代谢葡萄糖调控组织代谢层次C3+C6 能占ME摄入量比值技术) ;(6)提高低质粗饲料的营养工程技术 ;(7)使用矿物质螯合物或络合物技术 ;(8)日粮阴阳离子平衡技术 ;(9)控制磷的排放技术。作者着重指出 ,在设计和使用这些技术时 ,应强调围绕一定的调控目标 ,将多种营养技术措施加以系统组合 ,充分利用其正组合效应 ,尽量控制或缩小其负组合效应 ,以达到充分发挥各种营养技术措施整体优势的目的。     

甘肃南部白桦栽培技术

从白桦的生物学特性、经济价值、栽培技术等方面介绍了白桦的特性及栽培技术,对白桦的大面积栽植具有指导意义。     

几种粮堆控温方法的比较

文章介绍了4种房式仓控温方法，并进行了比较。实仓试验结果表明，对安全水分的无虫粮经防护剂处理，结合几种控温方法进行储藏，可使储粮安全度夏。     

松材线虫病防治技术存在问题及建议

就松材线虫病的防治技术所存在的问题以及相应的措施作详细的探讨,使松林资源得到有效的保护。     

子洲县山杏低产林改造技术

根据林业生产实践和相关资料,总结提出了陕北黄土丘陵区山杏低产林改造技术和管理措施。     

对水灾害治理标准规律的初步认识

水灾害治理标准是在一定的自然、社会经济和历史条件下的产物,并随着社会经济条件的变化而变化;同时,在一定的社会经济条件下具有暂时性和阶段性。水灾害治理标准发生作用的大小受人类活动干预程度的影响。水灾害治理标准具有可测性,通过对水灾害治理标准影响因素的统计或预测,可以有效地把握其发展变化趋势。认识并遵循水灾害治理标准的规律,对于正确制定水灾害治理标准,最大限度地发挥其作用具有积极意义。     

早熟高产优质水稻新品种龙粳22的特征特性及栽培要点探讨

[目的]为龙粳22的推广种植提供理论依据。[方法]通过比较龙粳22和对照品种的生长、品质、抗病、抗冷指标,探讨了龙粳22的生产潜力和推广价值。[结果]龙粳22主茎11片叶,生育期130d左右,需≥10℃活动积温2300℃左右;幼苗长势强,秆强抗倒,耐寒;3年区域试验平均产量8.37t/hm2,比对照品种增产4.0%;生产试验平均产量9.53t/hm2,较对照品种平均增产9.0%;米质优良,各项指标均达国家优质米标准。[结论]龙粳22熟期早、产量高、米质优,在黑龙江省第3积温带具有较好的推广应用前景。     

Restoration of Gypsicolous Vegetation on Quarry Slopes: Guidance for Hydroseeding under Contrasting Inclination and Aspect

The establishment of gypsicolous vegetation of high conservation value on land impacted by quarrying requires restoration measures to overcome constraints imposed by the new landforms created in the process. The aim of this study was to assess the suitability of three standard hydroseeding methods to restore gypsicolous vegetation on quarry spoil slopes under a dry Mediterranean climate. The treatments were as follows: paper cellulose mulch, paper cellulose mulch + organic blanket, and wood fibre mulch, compared against a control. These treatments were tested on two slopes (10–15% vs 60–65%) and two contrasting aspects (north vs south). We evaluated the cover of all plant species 2·8 years after treatment, assessing both target gypsicolous species and non‐target species. Our results showed strong compositional and cover differences between hydroseeded and control plots. Control plots had a low cover of target species with a vegetation composed of early‐successional species that had the potential to hinder target species establishment over time. All hydroseeding treatments improved target vegetation cover, with wood fibre performing best in most situations studied here, alternatives being the cheaper but less effective paper mulch on shallow slopes, or the more expensive paper mulch + blanket on steep slopes in case of high erosion risk. Shallow and southern‐steep slopes were more suitable for the recovery of gypsum vegetation by hydroseeding, compared to northern‐steep slopes where non‐target species developed more readily outcompeting target species. These results will help to guide management decisions to restore gypsicolous vegetation by hydroseeding in disturbed gypsum habitats. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Classification of pedogenic cementation in Podzols by pocket penetrometry

According to the German Soil Taxonomy, the formation of cemented horizons in Podzols is restricted to the precipitation of iron oxides. However, in iron‐poor sandy substrates, also illuviation of only organic compounds can form cemented horizons with penetration resistances of up to 14 kg cm⁻². We present a reproducible field test for classifying pedogenic cementation in Podzols and suggest considering cemented horizons (Bmh and Bhm) in the upcoming edition of the Guidelines for Soil Mapping.     

马铃薯新品种福克212在南安市种植表现及高产栽培技术

福克212是目前南安市主要种植的优质马铃薯新品种，2011年通过福建省农作物品种审定，具有丰产、熟期早、优质和抗病等特点。主要介绍了福克212在南安市种植表现，总结出其高产栽培技术，为冬种马铃薯生产提供参考。