竹节制备提金活性炭及其表征

以竹节为原料,采用水蒸气活化法制备提金活性炭,研究温度、保温时间、水蒸气流量等因素对活性炭性能的影响,并对其孔隙结构进行表征.结果表明:随着温度和保温时间的增大,活性炭的吸附性能总体呈上升趋势;随着水蒸气流量的增加,活性炭的吸附性能呈先升后降的趋势;N_2吸附等温线的分析表明,竹节活性炭具有发达的微孔、中孔、大孔结构.在较佳的试验条件下,活性炭的强度、亚甲基蓝吸附值、碘吸附值、比表面积、总孔容积和微孔容积分别为97.5%,262 mg·g~(-1),1 072.7 mg·g~(-1),1 334.2 m~2·g~(-1),0.671 mL·g~(-1)和0.574 mL·g~(-1).     

硝酸改性对活性炭吸附性能的影响

采用硝酸对活性炭进行改性,探讨硝酸浓度、改性温度和时间对活性炭吸附性能的影响。结果表明,硝酸改性过程中活性炭的孔隙结构被破坏的同时也不断生成新的孔隙,随着温度的升高和处理时间的延长,改性活性炭的吸附性能总体呈先升后降的趋势。在本实验条件下硝酸改性活性炭的较佳工艺为:温度20℃,硝酸质量分数20%,处理时间16 h;制得的改性活性炭的亚甲基蓝吸附值、碘吸附值、苯酚吸附值和吸苯率分别为165 mg.g-1、762 mg.g-1、187.2 mg.g-1和42.6%。     

Factors influencing activation of wet fly ash

To use fly ash, it is necessary to understand its activity variation under different wet conditions. Four low-calcium wet fly ash preparations are simulated in the laboratory. Fly ash activity is indicated by measuring specific compressive stre     

活性污泥降解植物纤维容器的研究

生物可降解塑料的开发已经成为目前的研究热点之一,而活性污泥法是常用的评价高分子材料的生物可降解性的方法。以活性污泥的干燥固体总质量(TS)和活性污泥的挥发性固体含量(VS)为考察指标,分析活性污泥对于聚丙烯(PP)、纸制、植物纤维(稻壳)餐具的降解能力。实验结果表明,在降解期间(21 d),纸制餐具降解速度最快,且降解程度最大,植物纤维餐具降解程度低于纸制,而聚丙烯餐具基本不降解。增加降解物的表面积和提高活性污泥与降解物的比值,有利于降解物的降解。     

In vitro propagation of a medicinal plant: Tripterygium wilfordii Hook f.

In this study a reliable protocol was developed for the establishment of commercial in vitro cultures of Tripterygium wilfordii Hook f.. Juvenile shoots from one-year-old elite plants were used as the source of explants. New axillary shoots were obtained after 30 days of culture on a MS medium supplemented with BAP (2.0 mg·L^–1) and NAA (0.1 mg·L^–1). The optimal multiplication medium was a modified MS medium supplemented with BAP (1.0 mg·L^–1) and NAA (0.1 mg·L^–1). This yielded a multiplication rate of 2.4 for each subculture. Slightly more than 92% of shoots rooted when cultured on a modified MS medium containing IBA (0.2 mg·L^–1) and acti-vated charcoal (0.5 mg·L^–1). Activated charcoal promoted both a strong and a high rooting rate during the rooting phase. Plantlets were transferred to pots for a short acclimatization stage in a greenhouse where 95% of the plantlets survived. This highly reproduci-ble procedure can be adopted for large-scale propagation of T. wilfordii.     

In vitro propagation of a medicinal plant: Tripterygium wilfordii Hook f.

In this study a reliable protocol was developed for the establishment of commercial in vitro cultures of Tripterygium wilfordii Hook f.. Juvenile shoots from one-year-old elite plants were used as the source of explants. New axillary shoots were obtained after 30 days of culture on a MS medium supplemented with BAP (2.0 mg·L–1) and NAA (0.1 mg·L–1). The optimal multiplication medium was a modified MS medium supplemented with BAP (1.0 mg·L–1) and NAA (0.1 mg·L–1). This yielded a multiplication rate of 2.4 fo...     

活性竹炭负载TiO_2及其对苯酚的吸附降解

以活性竹炭(ABC)为基体,通过溶胶浸渍的方法获得了TiO2/ABC材料,并研究了对苯酚的吸附降解。结果表明:活性竹炭上负载的TiO2的物相和晶粒大小跟热处理温度有关。活性竹炭负载TiO后吸附能力变化不大,但赋予了其一定的光催化能力。     

Influence of Turbulence Characteristics on the COD and NH3 N Degradation Capacity of Activated Sludge System

The distribution of turbulence intensity under different rotation speed was analyzed to seek micro indexes reflecting hydraulic conditions of active sludge system by PIV (Particle Image Velocimetry) in a stirring SBR (Sequencing Batch Reactor). Based on the SBR degradation capacity, flocs structure under different rotating speed of stirring paddle, the influences of turbulence intensity on the degradation capacity were studied, and the indexes of turbulence intensity in the main part of stirring zone and other parts were given. The results show that the specified degradation constant of the pollutants in the active sludge reactor increases firstly and then decreases with the increasing of turbulence intensity. The optimum indexes of turbulence intensity in the experiment are 1.4% of main part and 0.34% of other parts. The turbulence intensity indexes in the active sludge system reflect part differences of hydraulic conditions. The turbulence intensity has remarkable influence on the breaking up of active sludge in the main part of stirring zone, while it has good correlation with the collision and gathering of sludge flocs in other parts of the reactor.     

不同吸附剂对生物质气化焦油去除效果的影响

[目的]研究有效去除生物质气化焦油的方法。[方法]选用不同的吸附剂,比较吸附剂去除生物质气化焦油的去除效果。[结果]结果表明,锯末吸附法具有原料经济易得、操作方便、吸附率高等优点,有较高的实用价值和推广应用性。[结论]该研究结果为有效地去除生物质气化焦油提供理论指导。     

活性炭催化臭氧化降解亚甲基蓝实验

研究了活性炭催化臭氧化降解模拟染料废水亚甲基蓝溶液,考察了臭氧化空气流量、pH值、废水初始质量浓度和活性炭用量等因素对处理效果的影响。结果表明：该法可有效去除有机物,废水在低质量浓度、碱性条件下对反应有利;在亚甲基蓝初始质量浓度100mg·L^-1,pH9.5,活性炭9g·L^-1,反应90min条件下,色度去除率达到了95.6%,化学需氧量（COD）去除率达到了64.8%;活性炭催化臭氧化废水以间接氧化为主,活性炭可促进臭氧化过程产生·OH自由基并提高其利用率,相对于单独臭氧化过程,废水COD去除率可显著提高。