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111.
选用广西马尾松龄施肥材料(连续观测13年),根据国际《木材物理力学试验方法》,研究了施肥对木材密度和干缩率的影响,结果表明:N、P、K三要素中,以N、P肥对木材密度和干缩率的影响较大。⑴总的来说P增加木材密度和干缩率,N肥降低木材密度木材干缩率。N、P肥降低木材差异干缩。施K肥对木材密度和干缩率的影响规律性不明显。⑵N、P、K施肥对木材密度和干缩率的影响及其变化程度,与肥种、施肥量、树干部位、木纹方向、气干或全干状态有关。施P肥木材密度具有增加的趋势,而且树干下部基本密度方差分析各处理间差异显著。N、K肥对木材密度的影响,规律性不明显。P肥使木材干缩率增加,P肥主要增加的是全干干缩率和径向气干干缩率,特别是树干下部径向气干干缩率各处理间差异显著。K肥对干缩率的影响规律性不明显,有待进一步研究。⑶为了保证木材质量,对于纤维用材林,主要施P肥;对于结构用材林,可施P肥,适当考虑N肥、K肥施用应慎重。 相似文献
112.
Anders Berglund Olof Broman Johan Oja Anders Grönlund 《Scandinavian Journal of Forest Research》2015,30(1):87-97
To define new grading rules, or to customize the ones in use in a rule-based automatic grading (RBAG) system of boards, is a time-consuming job for a sawmill engineer. This has the effect that changes are rarely made. The objective of this study was to continue the development of a method that replaces the calibration of grading rule settings by a holistic-subjective automatic grading, using multivariate models. The objective was also to investigate if this approach can improve sawmill profitability and at the same time have a satisfied customer. For the study, 323 Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) boards were manually graded according to the preferences of an important customer. That is, a customer that regularly purchases significant volumes of sawn timber. This manual grading was seen as reference grading in this work. The same boards were also scanned and graded by a RBAG system, calibrated for the same customer. Multivariate models for prediction of board grade based on aggregated knot variables, obtained from the scanning, were calibrated using partial least squares regression. The results show that prediction of board grades by the multivariate models were more correct, with respect to the manual grading, than the grading by the RBAG system. The prediction of board grades based on multivariate models resulted in 76–87% of the boards graded correctly, according to the manual grading, while the corresponding number was 63% for the RBAG system. 相似文献
113.
对元宝枫、油松、侧柏等3个树种枝条和树干水容特征进行了研究.结果表明:3个树种枝条水容值的日变化均表现为自6:00开始先行递减,12:00或14:00后缓慢回升,直至18:00上升至一定数值,其季节变化为雨季大于旱季;3个树种树干水容值的日变化也表现为先降后升,但其季节变化为雨季小于旱季;树干水容要大于枝条水容,而且上部枝干水容的日变化较中下部的变化明显.树体枝干水容特征能很好地反映林木与环境水分的关系,对蒸腾耗水具有一定的调节作用. 相似文献
114.
115.
ISSR是一种特异性较强、稳定性较高的分子标记方法。本研究采用ISSR-PCR技术,检测了红松(PinuskoraiensisSieb.etZucc)在伊春市汤旺河高峰林场、长白山二道白河、黑河胜山林场和俄罗斯海参崴市郊的四个种群的遗传多样性和遗传分化。15个引物的扩增结果表明:红松群体的多态位点比率是60.70%,平均每个引物3.6个多态位点,多样性水平在松科植物中是较高的;红松分布中心区的遗传多样性要高于边界区;和大多数木本植物一致,红松群体的基因多样性主要来自种群内部,占总基因多样性的73%;红松四个种群的遗传距离和地理距离之间无正相关性。根据研究结果推测,天然红松分布区逐渐缩小的原因不是由于遗传多样性水平过低引起的,而是由于人类的破坏作用,再加上火灾和风倒等因素造成的。 相似文献
116.
Both scion and rootstock clones significantly influenced scion elongation and concentrations of nitrogen and phosphorus in the scion foliage. Scion clone was the more important determinant. Scion clone × rootstock clone interactions were not significant. The ability of a clone to elongate as a scion was not correlated with its capacity to promote or retard scion elongation when used as a rootstock. Genetic differences in foliar nutrient concentrations appeared to reflect levels of nutrient demand, rather than the ability of roots to absorb nutrients. Nutrient demand of the rootstock can also explain negative correlations between nitrogen levels in rootstock clones and levels of both nitrogen and phosphorus in the scions. There was no significant relationship between scion elongation and foliar nitrogen concentrations of either rootstock or scion. The weak relationship between scion elongation and concentration of phosphorus in the rootstock apparently resulted from tissue dilution. 相似文献
117.
Morphology and rooting of shoots developing in response to decapitation and pruning of Caribbean pine 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
The effects of decapitation at various levels, combined with heavy pruning of remaining branches, were examined for Caribbean pine. This treatment stimulated the development of shoots with long primary needles at all levels in the crown of trees aged one, four and eight years. Although a significant positive relationship between primary needle length and rooting was demonstrated, the very juvenile appearance of these shoots was not a reliable guide to rooting. There was an over-riding effect on rooting of the ortet age × level in crown × decapitation height treatment. Decapitated trees provided shoots of higher rooting capacity than intact trees for the one and four, but not the eight year old trees. Shoots developing in the lower crown in response to decapitation and heavy pruning of four year old trees displayed a high level of rooting-equivalent to that of shoots from the decapitated and pruned one year old trees. 相似文献
118.
1992~1995年在云南省玉溪市北城镇刺桐关办事处石狗头村,对遭受云南松纵坑切梢小蠹危害严重的334hm2云南松林,进行了营林防治技术、害虫种群防治技术等综合治理措施示范和研究。通过4年的综合治理,示范林被害株率由防治前的62.67%下降到3.72%,下降率94.06%;蠹害指数由33.30下降到1.29,下降率为96.1%;对照林地34hm2的被害株率由39.03%,上升到90.47%,上升56.85%;蠹害指数由20.10上升到47.22,上升率为57.43%。挽回经济损失30.79万元,提高了云南松林的经济、社会、生态三大效益,取得明显效果。 相似文献
119.
Two-year-old estern white pine (Pinus strobus L.) seedlings were measured for Root Growth Potential (RGP) in a hydroponic system over two years in both a greenhouse and an environmentally controlled growthroom. Analyses of variance showed no significant differences (alpha = 0.05) between testing environments for either year. This study demonstrates the validity of using greenhouse RGP testing for 2+0 eastern white pine. 相似文献
120.