Factors influencing decline in soil pH in Hawaiian Eucalyptus and Albizia plantations

Soil pH declined from 5.9 to 5.0 in 8 years beneath plantations of Eucalyptus saligna (Sm.) in Hawaii. In stands of Albizia falcataria, (L.) Fosberg, the soil pH change was more dramatic, declining from 5.9 to 4.6. We measured several components of soil acidity beneath four mixtures of the two tree species to gain insight on the processes responsible for the decline in soil pH. These components were studied using an empirical method of comparing acid quantity, degree of neutralization (depletion of base cations), and acid strength. The decline in soil pH differed between species as a result of differences in the degree of neutralization of the soil exchange complex; the larger decrease in soil pH under Albizia was produced by greater acidification of the exchange complex. Empirical titration curves suggested that differences in acid strength moderated the divergence in soil pH beneath the species. Had the acids accumulating in the soil under Albizia been as strong as those in the Eucalyptus soil, the difference in soil pH would have been greater. Though the two species had contrasting effects on soil pH, the differences in degree of neutralization, responsible for the pH decline, were small compared with differences in the amount of cations stored in tree biomass. Continued supply of nutrient cations (from weathering or fertilization) will ultimately control both the extent of soil pH decline and the level of productivity sustained by the forest.     

浅谈国有林场森林分类经营

本文结合大兴安岭地区加格达奇林业局国有林场的实际经营情况，论述了国有林场实行森林分类经营的必要性、并对经营管理体制与措施进行了探讨。     

用生态经济沟的经验建设生态经济岗

本文总结了太行山区过去几十年林业生产的教训,把近几年的“生态经济沟”经验,应用到太行山南部低海拔岗坡地形区的开发治理中,提出了建设“生态经济岗”的设想及盘龙岗试点的规划方案。     

社会林业发展与林权制度安排

从人的价值及行为形成机制出发,分析认为影响林业发展的核心因素是产权安排,目前我国林权制度存在所有权主体虚置、林地产权的各项权能边界不清、林地权属四至界限不清等问题.发展社会林业,必须界定出明晰的林业权能边界,强化林地使用权,保障四大权能.     

千岛湖姥山林业科普教育与生态休闲基地规划探析

结合姥山种质资源保护和良种研发创新平台项目建设,规划建立具有千岛湖特色的生态休闲场所.详细阐述总体布局中科普游览和生态休闲两大区块中各景点的主题意象和建设重点.最后提出加强林业科普教育,培养人们的环境意识和可持续发展理念,发挥森林的多功能效益.     

未观测林业经济及其成因分析

对未观测林业经济活动进行了界定,并将其分为非法的林业经济、未申报的林业经济和未统计的林业经济3类.未观测林业经济产生的原因有林业法律政策的约束性和滞后性;林业的行业特点加大了林业执法与监管的难度和林业经济统计的难度;部分林业行业管理制度的严苛条件直接导致了统计瞒报现象的产生、林产品市场差价.     

减轻林业税费促进林业健康发展

针对我国现行林业税费存在的问题,如:林业税费种类繁多、比重大、政策执行不规范、不完善等,提出了相应的对策和建议,阐明应减轻林业税费,以促进林业健康发展.     

林业可持续经营与发展方式的探讨

环境问题已成为世界普遍关注的问题,我国林业经过几十年的发展道路,从过度采伐森林资源到森林采伐限额的调整,以及加大森林资源的管护力度,开发新的非林替代产业力度,建立新的经济增长格局,将成为林区社会发展的必然趋势.     

黑龙江林业的发展应该关注森林碳汇问题

森林生态系统在全球碳循环与平衡中具有极为重要的和不可替代的地位和作用,随着《京都议定书》正式生效,森林碳汇问题已经越来越受到世界各国的重视。黑龙江省森林资源丰富,是我国最主要的林区,巨大的“碳汇”既具有重要的生态功能,也蕴藏着潜在的巨大经济利益,因此,研究我省应对《京都议定书》生效、开展森林碳汇项目的对策研究是极为必要的。     

森林经营与可持续发展战略的探讨

森林对改善生态环境、维护生态平衡、保护人类生存和发展起着决定性作用。国有重点林区担负着生态、社会、经济多种功能。由于国有林区长期依赖林木采伐的思想,使人们的经营理念受到限制,制定林区长期发展规划和发展战略将成为我省森工林区加强生态建设和森林资源林政管理系统建设中长期发展目标的指导性文件。