森林资源价值计量理论基础的局限性分析

如何运用价值量指标来计算森林资产的价值,一直引起人们的争议。森林资产价值理论基础呈多元性。但无论是传统马克思主义经济学还是西方主流经济学,都存在局限性。文章对此进行了具体分析,提出“影响因素价值论”,以期解决自然资源定价出现的困惑。     

Bearing properties of engineered wood products I: effects of dowel diameter and loading direction

The embedment tests of laminated veneer lumber (LVL) with two moduli of elasticity (MOE; 7.8 GPa and 9.8GPa), parallel strand lumber (PSL), and laminated strand lumber (LSL) were conducted in accordance with ASTM-D 5764. The load-embedment relation for each of these engineered wood products (EWPs) was established. The directional characteristics of bearing strength (_e), initial stiffness (k _e), and effective elastic foundation depth were obtained from the tested results. The effective elastic foundation depth (=E/k _e,E = MOE), based on the theory of a beam on elastic foundation, was obtained from thek _e and MOE. An of 90° (perpendicular to the grain) was calculated by dividingE ₉₀ [MOE of 90° from the compression test, but MOE of 0° (E ₀), parallel to the grain, obtained from the bending test] byk _e90, the initial stiffness of 90°. This study aimed to obtain the bearing characteristics of each EWP, taking into consideration their anisotropic structures, for estimating the fastening strength of a dowel-type fastener. The relations between the bearing coefficients ( _e,k _e,) on the loading direction and dowel diameter were established from the load-embedment curves. Based on the results of the embedment test, tested EWPs showed different tendencies in all directions from wood and glued laminated timber.Part of this study was presented at the 49th Annual Meeting of the Japan Wood Research Society, Tokyo, April 1999     

钢铁企业焦化工序节能减排途径探讨

从焦化技术改进、资源综合利用、余热回收利用三方面探讨了钢铁企业焦化工序节能减排途径。分析了捣固炼焦、干熄焦等技术,为钢铁企业实施节能减排提供参考。     

广州花生新品种综合农艺性状调查及分析

【目的】提高甘蓝型油菜产量及品质性状优势组合的选配效率,为西藏油菜现有资源的杂种优 势利用提供依据。【方法】以 13 份甘蓝型油菜自交系作亲本,按照不完全双列杂交设计组配 40 份杂交组合, 以油菜 3 个品质性状和单株产量为研究对象,分析各亲本的配合力和各性状的遗传力。【结果】在一般配合 力上,5 个父本按优劣顺序依次为希望 759>湘油 420= 京华 165>育苗 10>大地 95,8 个母本按优劣顺序依次为 04306-2>127025-3=158106-2=158112-3>08014-2>68-3= 年河 18>06034-3。单株产量特殊配合力最好的组合是 京华 165×年河 18（达 28.8798）,组合京华 165×年河 18、湘油 420×158112-3 具有高产、优质的潜力;育苗 10×68-3、育苗 10×127025-3、湘油 420×06034-3 特殊配合力分别为 28.8316、25.3975、22.4819,具有产量优势。 广义遗传力以油酸含量最高、达 96.93%,单株产量最低、仅 56.09%。【结论】两个油菜骨干亲本希望 759、 04306-2 的一般配合力效应值排名最优,在油菜杂交组合的选配上可重点利用,其中含油量、蛋白质含量、油酸 含量 3 个品质性状可进行早期选择,而单株产量性状不宜早期选择。     

浅谈强夯置换黏性土复合地基处理的应用

通过工程实例分析软土地基采用强夯进行地基处理的方法及其施工中的几点注意事项,初步探讨这种方法在软土中的应用。     

COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHIC IDENTIFICATION OF DYSPLASIA AND PROGRESSION OF OSTEOARTHRITIS IN DOG ELBOWS PREVIOUSLY ASSIGNED OFA GRADES 0 AND 1

Elbow dysplasia is a heritable disease that is a common cause of lameness and progressive elbow osteoarthritis in young large breed dogs. The Orthopedic Foundation for Animals (OFA) screens elbow radiographs, and assigns grades 0–3 based on presence and severity of bony proliferation on the anconeal process. Grade 1 is assigned when less than 3 mm is present and considered positive for dysplasia. We investigated the incidence of elbow dysplasia and progression of osteoarthritis in elbows with grades 0 and 1 in 46 elbows screened at least 1 year previously, using CT as a gold standard and with the addition of CT absorptiometry. The incidence of dysplasia based on CT was 62% in grade 0, and 75% in grade 1 elbows, all of which had medial coronoid disease. Progressive osteoarthritis at recheck was consistent with elbow dysplasia. The sensitivity and specificity of the OFA grade for elbow dysplasia compared to CT findings was 75% and 38%, respectively. Increased bone mineral density of the medial coronoid process as characterized by osteoabsorptiometry warrants further investigation with respect to elbow dysplasia. Proliferation on the anconeal process without CT evidence of dysplasia or osteoarthritis was present in 20% of the elbows, and is theorized to be an anatomic variant or enthesopathy of the olecranon ligament/synovium. Results of our study suggest that the “anconeal bump” used for elbow screening by the OFA is a relatively insensitive characteristic, and support the use of CT for identifying additional characteristics of elbow dysplasia.     

梯形渠道衬砌冻胀破坏弹性地基板模型

为探讨开放系统中梯形混凝土衬砌渠道的冻胀问题,根据衬砌板与冻土地基的相互关系,采用 Winkler弹性地基板理论建立了考虑冻胀力和冻结力作用的衬砌板冻胀破坏力学模型,使用解析法得到了衬砌板变形和内力解,对不同地下水埋深、衬砌板几何参数的影响规律进行了分析。通过与已有现场观测值和计算值进行对比,验证了弹性地基板理论计算结果的正确性。研究结果表明：坡板在非均匀分布的冻胀力作用下,挠度、弯矩和剪力也表现为非均匀分布,挠度最大值在坡顶距坡脚2/3处,弯矩最大值靠近底板位置,拉应力分布与内力分布规律一致,与已有研究结果吻合。与梁理论相比,板理论计算结果表明衬砌板的挠度和内力沿板宽方向为非均匀分布,挠度和弯矩在自由边界（纵向伸缩缝）处增大,扭矩主要分布在衬砌板的拐角处。切向冻结力对渠道冻胀影响较小,在原渠道工况下,不考虑切向冻结力与考虑最大切向冻结力之间,最大挠度相差0.7 mm。针对不同地下水位的渠道,给出了衬砌板的安全厚度,可为现浇混凝土梯形渠道的抗冻胀设计提供参考和理论依据。     

深基坑支护中冲孔灌注桩质量控制研究

灌注桩+锚索支护型式被越来越多地应用于深基坑支护中。文章结合冲孔灌注桩在深圳GL河口调蓄池工程—深基坑支护中的应用实践,介绍了冲孔灌注桩施工工艺、施工过程质量控制要点,对施工准备、冲孔、确定终孔、清孔、钢筋笼制作和吊装、浇筑水下混凝土等各施工环节进行了梳理和探讨,并对施工监理工作程序和监理控制要点做了论述,借此与广大同行进行交流、学习。     

层状坝基岩体的渗流机理及其深层抗滑稳定分析

提出了对层状坝基岩体的渗流可按非连续介质模型进行分析的结论，建立了对层状坝基岩体的深层抗滑稳定进行渗流场与应力场耦合分析的数学模型及其数值方法。结果表明，所建立的模型和方法，具有对层状坝基岩体渗流的考虑更为合理，分析计算的结果更为准确等特点，对类似工程实际问题的解决具有较好的应用和参考价值。     

土-箱基-框架结构动力相互作用体系试验研究

通过对1/2大比例模型的试验与仿真分析,研究了结构-箱基础-土体系的动力反应.将实测基频结果与基于刚性地基的仿真分析结果对比,发现实测结果小于有限元结果;但将实测基频结果与考虑相互作用的仿真分析结果对比,发现实测结果与仿真分析结果吻合,这说明土-箱基础-结构相互作用改变了结构体系的动力特性,使结构体系的自振周期延长,同时也验证了仿真分析的有效性.