维生素A、E对獭兔繁殖性能的影响

将 2 8只繁殖獭兔随机均分 2组 ,基础日粮相同 ,但试验组在配种前 3天妊娠第 7天于日粮中添加VA8mg/kg、VE10 0mg/kg。结果与对照组相比 :试验组产活仔数提高了 2 0 2 3 %(P <0 0 5 ) ,育成率提高了 6 5 8%(P <0 0 5 ) ,增重速度提高 7 11%(P <0 0 5 )。     

德系安格拉毛用兔日粮最适营养水平探讨

本试验选用德系安格拉成年毛用兔80只,研究了其日粮不同粗蛋白(CP)、含硫氨基酸(SAA)和粗纤维(CF)水平对产毛性能的影响。结果表明,日粮中CP水平以16%～18%为宜,过高的CP水平并不能提高产毛率和毛的质量;日粮中SAA水平以0.65%～0.85%为宜,日粮配方中添加一定量的蛋氨酸能显著提高产毛性能;日粮中CF水平以14%左右提高毛的产量和质量为最佳,过精的日粮不仅造成浪费,而且对产毛性能并没有好处。     

茶多酚、茶多糖对兔动脉血压的影响

兔静脉注10mg／mL的茶多酚和茶多糖溶液，观察对动脉血压的影响，结果表明：注射荼多酚1—3mL后收缩压6次降低（9％-20％），2次升高（13％和20％），3次无变化；舒张压2次升高（20％和140％），9次无变化；注射茶多糖1-4mL后收缩压9次降低（2％-29％），3次升高（13％-40％），5次无变化；舒张压4次降低（10％-200％），7次升高（20％-50％），6次无变化。上述浓度和剂量的茶多酚、茶多糖对兔动脉血压均无显著影响（P〉0．05—0．5）。     

高眼压兔眼房水丛管腔内皮细胞的电镜观察

探讨房水丛管腔内壁内皮细胞及其细胞间连接在高眼压房水流出中的作用。巩膜环扎法造成兔眼高眼压动物模型；透射电镜观察持续不同时间高眼压兔眼房水丛内壁内皮细胞及其细胞间连接的超微结构变化。结果：高眼压３ｄ，１周房水丛内皮细胞南变薄，胞突互相包绕形成假空泡，细胞连接和间隙正常；高眼压３，４周内皮细胞更薄，胞质内大空泡减少，细胞间连接存在，细胞间隙无扩张，假空泡消失。     

微量元素添加剂设计方法对肉兔生产性能的影响

选择３５日龄健康比利时幼兔４０只，随机分成２组，每组２０只，在基础饲料及管理完全一致的条件下，分别添加按不同方法设计的微量元素添加剂。试验组在分析化验饲料中各种微量元素含量的基础上补加，使之达到营养标准；对照组不考虑饲料中的微量元素含量，按标准另外补加。试验期３０天。结果：试验组和对照组日增重分别为２９．６ｇ和２７．４ｇ，料重比分别为３．３９∶１和３．５４∶１，试验组增重提高８．０３％，差异显著（Ｐ＜０．０５），饲料利用率提高４．２４％，添加剂成本降低２４．７４％，每千克增重降低饲料费０．１６元。试验表明，在设计微量元素添加剂时，应考虑地方性饲料的特点及有关营养含量，以保持营养的平衡性。     

毕节地区新造林地鼠兔危害状况调查及防控对策

对啮齿类动物鼠兔害的防治.危害调查、标本制作、种类鉴定、生活习性观察,探索有效控制措施.本文着重从森林环境资源的核算评估鼠兔害对新造林地经济损失.     

兔魏氏梭菌病的病因及预防要点

对兔魏氏梭菌病的危害、发病原因、流行特点、临床症状、病理变化、诊断、预防及控制措施进行了综述。认为发病的要素是淀粉类碳水化合物、蛋白质进入肠道的结果；临床应分为三型。指出预防的关键是控制淀粉和蛋白质的摄入量；消除影响胃、十二指肠机能及引起腹泻的因素。     

Effects of intramuscular and intranasal administration of midazolam–dexmedetomidine on sedation and some cardiopulmonary variables in New Zealand White rabbits

ObjectiveTo compare the sedative and cardiopulmonary effects of intranasal (IN) and intramuscular (IM) administration of dexmedetomidine and midazolam combination in New Zealand White rabbits.Study designA randomized, crossover experimental study.AnimalsA total of eight healthy New Zealand White rabbits, aged 6–12 months, weighing 3.1 ± 0.3 kg (mean ± standard deviation).MethodsThe animals were randomly assigned to administration of dexmedetomidine (0.1 mg kg^–1) with midazolam (2 mg kg^–1) by either IN or IM route separated by 2 weeks. The electrocardiogram, pulse rate (PR), peripheral haemoglobin oxygen saturation (SpO₂), mean noninvasive arterial pressure (MAP), respiratory frequency (f_R) and rectal temperature were measured before drug administration (baseline), T₀ (onset of sedation) and at 5 minute intervals until recovery. The onset of sedation, duration of sedation and sedation score (SS) were also recorded.ResultsThe PR was significantly lower in treatment IM than in treatment IN over time (p = 0.027). MAP < 60 mmHg developed in two and four rabbits in treatments IN and IM, respectively. SpO₂ progressively decreased over time in both treatments. f_R was lower than baseline at several time points in both treatments. Onset of sedation was shorter in treatment IN (90 ± 21 seconds) than in treatment IM (300 ± 68 seconds) (p = 0.036). Duration of sedation was longer in treatment IM (55.2 ± 8.7 minutes) than in treatment IN (39.6 ± 2.1 minutes) (p = 0.047). No significant difference in SS was observed between treatments (p > 0.05).Conclusions and clinical relevanceCombination of dexmedetomidine (0.1 mg kg^–1) and midazolam (2 mg kg^–1) decreased f_R, PR and SpO₂ regardless of the administration route in New Zealand White rabbits. A more rapid action and shorter duration of sedation were observed after treatment IN than after treatment IM administration.     

Agreement of caudal aortic arterial blood pressure with oscillometry using two cuff widths placed on the thoracic or pelvic limbs of sevoflurane-anesthetized rabbits

ObjectiveTo evaluate agreement with central systemic arterial pressure of an oscillometer and two cuff widths placed on the thoracic or pelvic limbs.Study designProspective experimental study.AnimalsA group of nine New Zealand White rabbits weighing 3.5 ± 0.3 kg.MethodsRabbits were sedated with dexmedetomidine and midazolam, then anesthetized with ketamine and sevoflurane. The femoral artery was surgically exposed and a 20 gauge, 5 cm catheter inserted to measure systolic (SAP), mean (MAP) and diastolic (DAP) blood pressure at the iliac artery and caudal aorta junction. Adjustments of vaporizer dial and dobutamine infusion provided a range of invasive blood pressure (IBP). Two measurements of IBP were recorded during the oscillometer cycling phase, and the mean value was used in analyses. Oscillometer cuffs of bladder width 2.0 cm (S1) and 2.5 cm (S2) were placed proximal to the carpus and tarsus. Cuff width to circumference ratio was calculated. Oscillometer SAP, MAP and DAP were paired with corresponding IBP values. Agreement was assessed using linear mixed models (p < 0.05).ResultsCuff ratios for both limbs were 41% (S1 cuff) and 50% (S2 cuff) and 122–139 paired observations were obtained. There was significant limb × cuff interaction with SAP and MAP. The oscillometer overestimated SAP and MAP on the pelvic limb and underestimated SAP and MAP on the thoracic limb. For SAP, the oscillometer overestimated by constant bias (–19 ± 2 mmHg) and proportional bias (0.28 ± 0.02 mmHg per 1 mmHg increase). For MAP, the oscillometer underestimated by constant bias (4 ± 2 mmHg) and was worse with S2 on the thoracic limb. Overestimation was similar between cuffs on the pelvic limb. For DAP, the oscillometer underestimated by constant bias (15 ± 2 mmHg).Conclusions and clinical relevanceCuff S1 on the thoracic limb provided best estimation of MAP.     

Intravenous sufentanil‐midazolam versus sevoflurane anaesthesia in medetomidine pre‐medicated Himalayan rabbits undergoing ovariohysterectomy

ObjectiveTo compare physiological effects of sufentanil-midazolam with sevoflurane for surgical anaesthesia in medetomidine premedicated rabbits.Study designProspective, randomized controlled experimental study.AnimalsEighteen female Himalayan rabbits, weight 2.1 ± 0.1 kg.MethodsPremedication with 0.1 mg kg⁻¹ medetomidine and 5 mg kg⁻¹ carprofen subcutaneously, was followed by intravenous anaesthetic induction with sufentanil (2.3 μg mL⁻¹) and midazolam (0.45 mg mL⁻¹). After endotracheal intubation, anaesthesia was maintained with sufentanil-midazolam (n = 9) or sevoflurane (n = 9). Ovariohysterectomy was performed. Intermittent positive pressure ventilation was performed as required. Physiological variables were studied perioperatively. Group means of physiologic data were generated for different anaesthetic periods. Data were compared for changes from sedation, and between groups by anova. Post-operatively, 0.05 mg kg⁻¹ buprenorphine was administered once and 5 mg kg⁻¹ carprofen once daily for 2–3 days. Rabbits were examined and weighed daily until one week after surgery.ResultsSmooth induction of anaesthesia was achieved within 5 minutes. Sufentanil and midazolam doses were 0.5 μg kg⁻¹ and 0.1 mg kg⁻¹, during induction and 3.9 μg kg⁻¹ hour⁻¹ and 0.8 mg kg⁻¹ hour⁻¹ during surgery, respectively. End-tidal sevoflurane concentration was 2.1% during surgery. Assisted ventilation was required in nine rabbits receiving sufentanil-midazolam and four receiving sevoflurane. There were no differences between groups in physiologic data other than arterial carbon dioxide. In rabbits receiving sevoflurane, mean arterial pressure decreased pre-surgical intervention, heart rate increased 25% during and after surgery and body weight decreased 4% post-operatively. Post-operative problems sometimes resulted from catheterization of the ear artery.ConclusionSevoflurane and sufentanil-midazolam provided surgical anaesthesia of similar quality. Arterial blood pressure was sustained during sufentanil-midazolam anaesthesia and rabbits receiving sevoflurane lost body weight following ovariohysterectomy. Mechanical ventilation was required with both anaesthetic regimens.Clinical relevanceAnaesthesia with sufentanil-midazolam in medetomidine premedicated healthy rabbits is useful in the clinical and the research setting, as an alternative to sevoflurane.