融合新词发现和改进TextRank的农业领域关键词提取算法

针对农业领域文本中专业术语类关键词提取困难的问题，本文提出了一种融合新词发现和改进TextRank算法的农业领域关键词提取方法，该算法通过信息熵对文本中的词进行成词概率计算，以此发现领域专有名词和新词，通过人工审核扩充分词字典；同时，在分词字典基础上，改进TextRank算法在词图构建中节点值的计算方法，添加词语位置和词性权重，利用词语综合权重提取文本关键词。通过实验对比，本研究的算法在F值上比传统的TF-IDF算法平均提高了7.5%，比TextRank算法平均提高了9.8%，具有一定的实用性。     

社会资本对农村居民生活垃圾分类的影响研究

农村居民是生活垃圾源头分类的主体，其分类意愿与行为直接关系到生活垃圾分类的成效，关系到美丽乡村建设的成败。基于太湖流域农村居民调研数据，运用Ordered Probit模型和OLS模型，探讨了社会资本对农村居民生活垃圾分类的影响及作用机理。结果表明，当前，太湖地区农村居民的不同维度社会资本得分存在一定差异性，并且在生活垃圾分类方面，88.6%受访居民愿意分类，但仍有部分受访居民表现出“意愿强行为弱”现象。社会网络、社会信任、社会规范等不同维度社会资本对农村居民生活垃圾分类意愿和行为具有不同程度的正向影响。从作用机制来看，社会资本通过提升农村居民的环保认知水平，进而提升其生活垃圾分类意愿和行为。从异质性来看，在不同年龄、学历和收入群体中，各维度社会资本的影响具有一定差异性。因此，本文提出强化农村基层组织网络建设，树立自主分类责任意识，建立群体监督规范体系，多维度、全方位提升社会资本积累，因地制宜地形成生活垃圾分类治理体系等对策建议。     

Negotiating the green obstacle course: Ranking priorities and problems for municipal green infrastructure implementation

This paper sets out the results of a study exploring, and ranking in order of perceived significance, the priorities and obstacles faced by smaller cities when implementing green infrastructure (GI) projects. The study captured the views of 49 municipal officers and elected representatives in cities of less than 500,000 population across four countries in northwest Europe, using a closed card sorting methodology as part of a semi-structured interview format. The results show a clear hierarchy in priorities, with particular attention paid to anthropocentric benefits to residents, especially the importance of aesthetics and liveability as a key objective in GI delivery, and the desirability of securing visible benefit to residents within the electoral cycle; longer-term objectives linked to environmental and economic challenges, although acknowledged in corporate policies, attract a lower priority when it comes to delivery, and may encounter trade-offs against other desired benefits. The greatest obstacle to GI delivery is not funding, as found in other studies, although this remains significant; rather, it is difficulty of collaborations and fragmentation within the city organisation which participants attributed to a lack of leadership and prioritisation of green initiatives. Capacity is also a clear issue, and the results highlight a lack of resources (including funding) but also skills in assembling evidence in support of projects, and staff time to bid for and deliver new GI proposals. When comparing these findings to others from larger cities, particularly those with a population over 1 million, the results suggest differences in prioritisation, critical mass, resources and capabilities and capacities influencing GI implementation, these are important to consider as they may prevent transferability of GI best practices from larger cities, who tend to be more active and innovative, to smaller scale cities. Co-production of knowledge, could offer considerable potential to improve GI implementation, but the design of any such schemes should recognise the issue of capacity by providing resources to allow participation of practitioners in smaller municipalities. Finally, respondents highlighted increasing environmental awareness of local communities and whilst the effect of this is yet to be seen, this was considered as having considerable potential in improving GI implementation in smaller municipalities.     

灵芝孢子油掺伪其他常见食用油的快速检测方法研究

灵芝孢子油作为一种高级保健品,一些不法商家在灵芝孢子油中掺入低价食用油欺骗消费者,侵犯消费者的合法权益,影响产业发展。为研究灵芝孢子油与其他常见食用油的区别,收集了8种常见的食用油及灵芝孢子油进行检测,结果发现,利用糠醛对芝麻酚的显色反应、浑浊度温度实验、液相色谱法及气相色谱法,可快速、简便、经济地鉴别灵芝孢子油的纯度和品质。