水稻二化螟发生规律及防治的初步研究

水稻二化螟Ｃｈｉｌｏｓｕｐｐｒｅｓｓａｌｉｓ（ｗａｌｋｅｒ）近年来在吉林省暴发性大发生。该虫在吉林省一年发生１代，以幼虫在稻草茎、稻茬内越冬。越冬幼虫６月中、下旬化蛹，７月上旬为羽化盛期，产卵高峰期为７月中旬；７月中、下旬为幼虫为害盛期，为害期长达２个月。田间小区药剂筛选试验表明：２０％三唑磷乳油１５００ｍＬ／ｈｍ２防效显著。在施肥量相同的情况下，施肥时期对二化螟的发生为害更为重要。     

浒苔对NO3—N和PO4—P吸收动力学特征

研究了浒苔（Ulva prolifera）对NO₃—N和PO₄—P吸收动力学特征。结果表明：（1）浒苔藻体密度与NO₃—N和PO₄—P的去除率成正比;（2）浒苔对氮、磷的吸收速率与介质中氮、磷含量可用MihcaelsiMenton方程来描述（R²>0.95）;（3）浒苔对NO₃—N和PO₄—P吸收速率与时间均呈幂函数关系（R^{2>0.96）,并存在3个不同的生理阶段：在60 min内呈快速吸收阶段,最大吸收速率分别达到了250.43和5.82 μmol/(gh),而在60~320 min内吸收速率变化相对缓慢,最大吸收速率为155.12和2.36 μmol/(gh),在320~720 min内吸收速率基本接近平衡,此时浒苔对NO₃—N和PO₄—P的最大吸收速率为36.72和1.32 μmol/(gh)。该研究结果为探究浒苔爆发机制及其海洋生态效应评估提供了理论依据。}     

临安茶区茶尺蠖暴发因子分析

近半个世纪茶尺蠖在临安茶区呈间断性暴发,本文根据生产中监测数据和调查考证情况,分析每次茶尺蠖暴发与气候、茶园生产管理的改变和迁徙等因子的关联性,找到关联的主要影响因素,可以指导生产中及时采取绿色防控技术措施,控制茶尺蠖暴发成灾。     

橡胶树黑团孢叶斑病发生规律及防治的研究

橡胶树黑团孢叶斑病是我国海南省琼中地区成林橡胶树叶部的主要病害。本文报道黑团孢叶斑病的发生分布情况、流行规律和大田防治试验结果。     

A Salmonella enterica subspecies enterica serovar Choleraesuis outbreak in weaned piglets in Serbia: clinical signs,pathologic changes,and microbiologic features

Salmonella enterica subspecies enterica serovar Choleraesuis is rarely detected in Europe, but the clinical disease has been reported in wild boars. We describe here the clinical findings, pathologic changes, and microbiologic features of swine salmonellosis caused by S. enterica serovar Choleraesuis in weaned piglets in Serbia. In April 2019, on a large farrow-to-finish pig farm, increased mortality was reported in weaned piglets, marked by lethargy, anorexia, pyrexia, and respiratory distress. Gross pathology revealed dermal cyanosis, mesenteric lymphadenopathy, splenomegaly, hepatomegaly, interstitial pneumonia, and colitis. By direct culturing of lung, liver, spleen, and lymph nodes, S. enterica ser. Choleraesuis variant Kunzendorf was isolated after years of absence of the disease in pig farms in Europe. The source of this salmonellosis outbreak caused by S. enterica ser. Choleraesuis remains unknown.     

黄斑星天牛预测预报技术

本文叙述了黄斑星天牛的发生趋势、发生期、发生量和分布区的预测预报方法,为综合治理该害虫,奠定了更加科学准确的基础。     

基于主成分分析的郑州市小蜂螨暴发风险等级评价

小蜂螨作为亚洲地区主要的蜜蜂害虫,严重阻碍了蜂产业的健康稳定发展。定量描述小蜂螨的暴发风险等级可以为该螨的早期防控提供一定的科学依据。本研究根据郑州市1991年至2010年的气象数据,利用主成分分析法将小蜂螨暴发地的6个相关气象指标转换成3个相互独立的综合指标,再对综合指标值进行加权相加得到各年小蜂螨暴发风险的综合评价值,并对其进行等级划分,分别得到各年小蜂螨的暴发风险等级。其中除2006年外,其余年份均与实际调查结果相符,其等级评价正确率达90%。根据不同的暴发风险等级,需要采取不同的防御手段,特别是对当年小蜂螨暴发风险等级较高的地区应加强监测,做好防治工作。     

中国红树林的害虫种类及其综合防治

通过查阅文献资料,共统计中国红树林害虫128种,隶属2纲7目55科,其中以鳞翅目、半翅目昆虫为主,分别占总数的52.4%和26.6%。危害无瓣海桑Sonneratia apetala、桐花树Aegiceras corniculatum、秋茄Kandelia obovata、白骨壤Avicennia marina、海桑Sonneratia caseolaris的害虫分别有45种、45种、37种、32种和20种。广东红树林害虫种类最多,共95种;广西其次,49种。鳞翅目害虫主要包括海榄雌瘤斑螟Acrobasis sp.、桐花树毛颚小卷蛾Lasiognatha cellifera Meyrick、棉古毒蛾Orgyia postica Walker、蜡彩袋蛾Chalia larminati Heylaerts、丽绿刺蛾Latoia lepida Cramer等,多以幼虫取食为害;半翅目害虫主要有考氏白盾蚧Pseudaulacaspis cockerelli(Cooley)、广翅蜡蝉Ricania sp.等,以幼虫、成虫吸食植物汁液为害。在害虫的综合防治中,以生物防治为主,如利用寄生蜂、苏云金杆菌、白僵菌、捕食性天敌和生物制剂等进行防治,结合物理防治可以提升防治效果。同时,探讨分析了红树林虫害暴发的原因和机制。     

A cluster of two psittacosis cases among women farmers exposed to Chlamydia psittaci-infected domestic poultry in Zhejiang Province,China

A cluster of Chlamydia psittaci (C. psittaci) cases was reported in Zhejiang Province, China, 2019. This study evaluates the extent of the outbreak and determines the source of infection. Real-time PCR and sequencing of the ompA gene of C. psittaci were performed to identify the cases, the domesticated poultry and close contacts. The index patient was a 76-year-old woman with chronic vertigo, and Case 2 was a 64-year-old female farmer with herpes zoster. Both women bought psittaci-infected chickens or ducks from the same mobile street vendor and raised them for 10 days and 23 days before fever onset. There were no direct contact between the two women. C. psittaci test was positive for the two patients, one sick chicken, three healthy ducks and the vendor's chicken cage. Phylogenetic analysis showed that all seven C. psittaci positive samples carried identical ompA genotype A of C. psittaci. Of all of the patients' 148 close contacts, none tested positive for C. psittaci, or developed acute respiratory symptoms. Both patients were discharged after a 4-week hospital stay. In conclusion, the source of this cluster was the poultry infected with C. psittaci, which occasionally cause infections in farmers, but inter-human transmission seems unlikely.