松材线虫病防治技术存在问题及建议

就松材线虫病的防治技术所存在的问题以及相应的措施作详细的探讨,使松林资源得到有效的保护。     

子洲县山杏低产林改造技术

根据林业生产实践和相关资料,总结提出了陕北黄土丘陵区山杏低产林改造技术和管理措施。     

Tree Diversity,Carbon Storage,and Soil Nutrient in an Old‐Growth Forest at Changbai Mountain,Northeast China

Abstract

The study of plant diversity and its role in ecosystem functioning is becoming a central issue in ecology. The relationships between carbon storage and tree diversity of natural forest at small scale are still unclear. This research investigated these relationships in an old‐growth forest at Changbai Mountain, Northeast China. It was found that at small scale, tree carbon storage generally increases with increasing tree species richness, but for stands with same species richness, tree carbon storage varies dramatically. At the small scale, tree species evenness has a significantly linear relationship with nature logarithm of total tree carbon storage. The stand carbon storage of trees is mainly controlled by stand tree composition. Fraxinus mandshurica, Pinus koraiensis, Quercus mongolica, Tilia amurensis, and Acer mono contribute more than 85% of stand carbon storage of trees. Stands with similar tree composition at small scale have different soil organic carbon storage and nutrient contents. Tree species evenness has great impact on soil N content at the soil horizon less than 30 cm deep, but its impacts on C/N, P, K, and S contents are small. Tree density has a negative linear relationship with soil organic C and C∶N ratio at the soil horizon is less than 30 cm deep. The implication of our findings here for carbon sequestration in the Kyoto Protocol is also discussed.     

银合欢落叶层对苗圃生长的森林一农田作物的他感作用(英文)

利用随机区组试验评估了孟加拉国吉大港大学苗圃内的银合欢落叶对森林作物种白格、黄金檀和农田作物种长豇豆、鹰嘴豆和木豆的他感作用。结果表明,凋落叶诱导抑制作物的萌发和生长,该抑制作用依赖于萃取物浓度、凋落物及受体物种类型。萃取物浓度越高则他感作用越强。受体植物的生长响应随应用的凋落叶而变化。低浓度(10g·m-2)凋落叶对农田作物嫩芽生长有促进作用,而其他浓度的凋落叶则呈现明显的抑制作用,施用的凋落叶浓度越大抑制作用也越大。但是不同处理所表现出的抑制趋势并不均一,根系生长受到的影响大于嫩芽。图3表4参34。     

科尔沁沙地针叶树引种试验初报

为丰富科尔沁沙地针叶树种的多样性 ,“0 0 9”项目引种外来针叶树种在科尔沁沙地进行育苗造林。经多年的育苗试验和物侯观测 ,已初步了解各树种在科尔沁沙地的生长情况 ,经试验分析和造林对比已初步筛选出适宜该地生长的 4个树种9个种源 ,丰富了科尔沁沙地的树种资源。     

Soil CO2 evolution from Korean pine virgin forest at Changbai Mountain

The soil CO₂ evolution rate was measured in a virgin Korean pine forest. The results in June showed that the lowest value of evolution rate was 220 mg/(m²·h) and appeared at 6:00 a.m. The highest value was 460 mg/(m²·h) at 18:00. The rates of CO₂ evolution were related with soil temperature. On the basis of the constructed regression equation and the monthly average values of temperature, the magnitude of CO₂ evolution from Korean pine forest soil was 10.4 t/hm² during a growing season. This project was funded by the Opened Research Station of Changbai Mountain Forest Ecosystem, Chinese Academy of Sciences. Responsible editor: Zhu Hong     

透光抚育对红松阔叶林群落结构与生产力的影响

采用样带网格调查方法和群落重要值分析方法，研究透光抚育（全透光、半透光、未透光）对红松阔叶混交林群落（人天混群落）的树种组成结构、径级分布、蓄积量和红松蓄积生产力的影响效果。结果表明：沿由小到大的透光强度，人天混群落中红松重要值依次增大（0．499～1．000），透光有利于人天混群落中红松优势地位增强；红松大径木比例依次增加（0．00％～54．0％），小径木比例依次减少（74．9％～2．7％），透光有利于人天混群落中红松大径木比例提高；群落蓄积量依次增加（60．2475～230．4051m^3／hm^2），红松蓄积生产力依次增加（1．2692～5．3603m^3／hm^2·a），透光有利于人天混群落蓄积量及红松蓄积生产力的提高。     

松树大田育苗与苗木生长调控技术的研究

本项研究在总结传统育苗的基础上，应用推广了苗木生长调控新技术，新老技术紧密结合配套使用，取得了松树大田育苗的良好效果。通过选择圃地、控制播种量、精耕细作、科学管理，并在苗木旺盛生长期的8月中旬进行切根、剪顶，有效地促进了苗木生长发育。结果表明，马尾松播种量45kg／hm2，培育苗木169．2万株，Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ级合格苗出圊率时％，其中优质苗率达53．5％。苗木茎干粗壮、根系发达、菌根丰富，达到了大田优质苗的质量标准。     

闽楠在毛竹混交林中生长情况初步研究

通过建瓯东安毛竹林中21a生闽楠生长情况的调查表明:闽楠适宜在毛竹林中生长,单株材积0.1958m3,材积1.3350m3/hm2,单株平均年生长量0.0089m3,且与树龄呈正相关系;树高达15.5m,平均树高年生长量0.74m;混交套种闽楠能提高毛竹林的生产潜力,每年可增加毛竹林收益10680元/hm2,同时可改善和调整毛竹林结构,大幅度提高毛竹林经济、生态、社会的整体效益。并探讨了如何采取政策性措施来大力推广发展毛竹林混交套种闽楠,为科学持续发展闽楠这一珍贵用材树种提供实践和理论依据。     

松针褐斑病初步研究

松针褐斑病的病原菌为Ｉｅｃａｎｏｓｔｉｃｔａ ａｃｉｃｏｌａ，在病叶上或叶上的病了实体和病组织中的菌丝体是初侵染源。侵染期主要在５月上旬至６月中旬。病原菌通过雨水的溅散主风力而传播。在发病初期采用百菌清可湿性粉剂和托布津农药喷液及人工摘病叶的进行防治，均能收到一定效果。