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31.
羊草作为欧亚大陆草原东缘干旱半干旱区域的优势种,现生产力已逐年降低。为明确未来降雨量变化和CO2浓度升高对羊草草地变化的影响,我们模拟3个降雨量梯度(正常降雨量 40%)和两个CO2浓度 (380±20,760±20 μmol/mol)进行了光合特性与生物量的研究。结果表明,降雨量变化和CO2浓度的交互作用显著影响羊草的净光合速率等光合特性,地下生物量和根冠比,而不影响地上生物量。在目前CO2浓度时随着降雨量的增加,以及在CO2浓度升高时的降雨量由低降雨量增至正常降雨量,羊草的净光合速率、气孔导度、蒸腾速率和地上、地下及总生物量均显著增加,但在CO2浓度升高,降雨量由正常降雨量增至高降雨量时上述指标无显著变化。根冠比在目前CO2浓度时差异不显著,在CO2浓度升高下低降雨量时显著增加。在降雨量相同条件下,CO2浓度的升高使胞间CO2浓度、水分利用效率显著增加,气孔导度和蒸腾速率显著降低。低降雨量时CO2浓度升高对羊草净光合速率和生物量的促进作用显著高于正常降雨量和高降雨量,而高降雨量时CO2浓度升高对羊草生物量没有促进作用。以上结果暗示着在目前CO2浓度下,随着降雨量的增加,羊草生物量随之增加,在未来CO2浓度升高的背景下,高降雨量年份对生物量的积累并无显著的促进作用,CO2浓度升高可以补偿低水分条件对多年生根茎型禾草——羊草生长发育所造成的不利影响。 相似文献
32.
《Veterinary anaesthesia and analgesia》2021,48(6):930-934
ObjectiveTo determine the effect of fraction of inspired oxygen (FiO2) on intrapulmonary shunt fraction as measured by F-shunt in ponies during isoflurane anaesthesia.Study designProspective, randomized clinical study.AnimalsA group of 23 adult Shetland ponies undergoing a total of 32 anaesthetic procedures.MethodsPonies were premedicated intravenously (IV) with detomidine (0.01 mg kg–1) and either morphine (0.1 mg kg–1) or butorphanol (0.02 mg kg–1). Anaesthesia was induced with ketamine (2.2 mg kg–1) and midazolam (0.07 mg kg–1) administered IV. Ponies were randomly allocated to maintenance of anaesthesia with isoflurane in oxygen (group TH; FiO2 = 0.95) or a mixture of oxygen and medical air (group TL; FiO2 = 0.65); all ponies were given a constant rate of infusion of detomidine. Animals were mechanically ventilated to maintain PaCO2 between 40 and 50 mmHg. Arterial blood gas analysis was performed every 30 minutes. The F-shunt equation was calculated for each time point T0, T30, T60 and T90. Data were analysed using linear mixed model analysis and presented as mean ± standard deviation (p < 0.05).ResultsPaO2 was greater in group TH than in group TL (TH: 406 ± 90, 438 ± 83, 441 ± 69 and 464 ± 53 mmHg versus TL: 202 ± 90, 186 ± 84, 172 ± 85 and 191 ± 98 mmHg at T0, T30, T60 and T90, respectively; p < 0.0001). In TH, F-shunt was < TL. Significant differences were found at T60 (TH: 13.2% ± 4.3 versus TL: 19.4% ± 8.3; p = 0.016) and T90 (TH: 11.7% ± 3.5 versus TL: 18.6% ± 9.5; p = 0.036).Conclusions and clinical relevanceOur findings do not support a beneficial effect of using a reduced FiO2 to improve oxygenation in anaesthetized and mechanically ventilated Shetland ponies. 相似文献
33.
为探究胚根线粒体抗坏血酸-谷胱甘肽(AsA-GSH)循环响应低温胁迫的抗氧化作用机制,以紫花苜蓿种子为材料,研究了不同温度(10和20℃)处理下发芽特性、不同吸胀时间(6、12和24 h)胚根线粒体AsA-GSH循环酶活性、抗氧化物以及过氧化氢(H2O2)含量的变化规律。结果表明,吸胀12和24 h后,10℃处理的胚根线粒体H2O2含量高于20℃。吸胀24 h期间,10℃处理的胚根线粒体谷胱甘肽还原酶(GR)活性均低于20℃。吸胀12和24 h后,10℃处理的胚根线粒体抗坏血酸(AsA)含量均低于20℃。10℃条件下吸胀24 h后,与20℃处理相比,胚根线粒体谷胱甘肽(GSH)含量显著降低(P<0.05)。苜蓿种子在10℃条件下吸胀萌发时,主要通过降低AsA-GSH循环中GR、单脱氢抗坏血酸还原酶(MDHAR)、过氧化物酶(POD)活性和AsA、GSH含量,使胚根线粒体内的H2O2积累,产生氧化损伤,继而影响种子萌发的正常进程。 相似文献
34.
Chun-Zhi REN Wen-Yue HU Jun-Cheng LI Ying-Hong XIE Ni-Na JIA Jun SHI Ying-Yi WEI Ting-Jun HU 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2020,82(12):1781
Pseudorabies virus (PRV) infection leads to severe inflammatory responses and tissue damage, and many natural herbs exhibit protective effects against viral infection by modulating the inflammatory response. An ethyl acetate fraction of flavonoids from Polygonum hydropiper L. (FEA) was prepared through ethanol extraction and ethyl acetate fractional extraction. An inflammatory model was established in RAW264.7 cells with PRV infection to evaluate the anti-inflammatory activity of FEA by measuring cell viability, nitric oxide (NO) production, reactive oxygen species (ROS) release, and mRNA expression of inflammatory factors, inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2). Its functional mechanism was investigated by analyzing the phosphorylation and nuclear translocation of key proteins in the nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathways. Our findings indicate that PRV induced inflammatory responses in RAW264.7 cells, and the responses were similar to that in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated cells. FEA significantly suppressed NO synthesis and down-regulated both expression and secretion of COX-2, iNOS, and inflammatory cytokines (P<0.05 or P<0.01). FEA also reduced NF-κB p65 translocation into the nucleus and decreased MAPK phosphorylation, indicating that the NF-κB/MAPK signaling pathway may be closely related to the inflammatory response during viral infection. The findings suggested the potential pharmaceutical application of FEA as a natural product that can treat viral infections due to its ability to mitigate inflammatory responses. 相似文献
35.
A. KOL N. J. WALKER L. D. GALUPPO K. C. CLARK S. BUERCHLER A. BERNANKE D. L. BORJESSON 《Equine veterinary journal》2013,45(2):193-198
Reasons for performing study: Autologous cellular therapy products including adipose‐derived stromal vascular fraction (SVF), bone marrow mononuclear cells (BMMNs), cord blood mononuclear cells (CBMNs) and platelet rich plasma are options for treatment of acute orthopaedic lesions while mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are culture expanded. These products may contribute to healing by secreting matrix proteins or growth factors, but they may also act on endogenous MSCs to facilitate healing. Objectives: To determine the effects of cell therapy products on MSCs function in vitro. The hypothesis was that cell therapy products promote MSCs functions including proliferation, migration and mediator release. Methods: Fat, bone marrow (BM), cord blood and platelets were obtained from 6 Quarter Horses. The BM‐MSCs and their autologous cell therapy products were co‐incubated in transwells. Mesenchymal stem cells proliferation, migration, gene expression and cytokine concentrations were determined. Results: All cell therapy products increased MSCs proliferation, but SVF induced significantly more proliferation than any other product. Also SVF elicited more MSCs chemotaxis and, along with BMMNs, significantly more MSCs chemoinvasion. Cord blood mononuclear cells stimulated MSCs to produce high concentrations of interleukin‐6 (IL‐6), transforming growth factor‐β1 (TGF‐β1), and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2). Stromal vascular fraction and platelet lysate did not stimulate MSCs but SVF and platelet lysate themselves contained high concentrations of PGE2 and IL‐6 (SVF) and TGF‐β1 (platelet lysate). Conclusions: Autologous cell products variably stimulate MSCs functions with 2 primary patterns apparent. Products either contained preformed mediators that may have intrinsic healing function, or products stimulated MSCs to secrete mediators. Potential relevance: The specific clinical indications for these products may differ to include administration as a sole treatment modality prior to MSCs injection for intrinsic cell and cytokine activity (i.e. SVF) or administration concurrently with MSCs to activate MSCs for treatment of chronic lesions (i.e. CBMNs). 相似文献
36.
为探讨烯效唑(S3307)在寒地红小豆生长中缓解低温伤害、保护根系的作用,建立红小豆抗冷生产技术体系,达到保产增产的目的,在盆栽条件下,以两个红小豆品种宝清红(耐冷型品种)和天津红(冷敏型品种)为材料,于苗期在人工气候室进行低温(15℃,分别持续1,2,3,4,5d)和叶面喷施20mg·L^-1S3307处理,对红小豆根系抗寒生理指标、产量及不同温度敏感性红小豆品种的S3307响应差异进行测定和分析。结果表明,幼苗期低温导致红小豆根系逆境生理指标发生变化,低温诱导SOD、POD和CAT活性的增强,引起可溶性糖和脯氨酸含量的提高,同时也促使MDA含量上升,最终导致红小豆产量下降。与常温条件相比,喷施清水的宝清红和天津红,低温处理3d时,可溶性糖含量分别提高了59.21%和52.57%;脯氨酸含量分别提高了10.12%和25.39%;SOD、POD和CAT活性分别提高了14.92%和11.01%、5.93%和0.75%、53.33%和13.33%。低温处理5d时,可溶性蛋白含量分别提高了6.27%和3.15%;MDA含量分别显著提高了45.41%和51.08%、产量分别显著下降了19.39%和41.69%。低温条件下,喷施S3307与喷施清水的宝清红和天津红相比较,处理3d时,可溶性糖和脯氨酸含量分别提高了22.01%和0.46%、8.55%和1.40%;SOD活性分别提高了13.45%和24.06%、POD活性分别显著提高了23.60%和15.95%,CAT活性分别提高了4.35%和5.88%。处理5d时,MDA含量分别降低了9.05%和4.37%;产量分别显著提高23.06%和43.88%。综上,S3307通过增加可溶性物质和脯氨酸的含量,提高保护酶活性,降低MDA含量,从而缓解低温伤害,进而降低低温对红小豆造成的产量影响。 相似文献
37.
38.
产蛋鸡日粮内低芥酸、低硫甙菜籽粕营养价值的研究 总被引:8,自引:0,他引:8
本文分析了国产低芥酸、低硫甙菜籽粕营养及抗营养成分。选21周龄罗曼蛋鸡500只随机均分为5组 ,分别饲喂全豆粕和10 %、15 %、17 %、20 %双低菜籽粕日粮 ,试期35周。结果表明 :双低菜籽粕的蛋白质品质不及豆粕 ,硫甙及其分解产物仅为普通菜籽的1/3左右 ,植酸和单宁含量较高。在日粮中添加10 %、15 %双低菜粕对蛋鸡的生产性能、甲状腺、肝、肾及血清中TSH、T3、T4 和血浆中GPT、GOT的活性等均无异常影响(P>0.05)。添加17 %、20 %双低菜籽粕 ,蛋鸡产蛋量及料蛋比不佳(P<0.05) ,甲状腺、肝等器官有一定异常变化 ,但未见明显肿大(P>0.05)。血清T3、T4、TSH及血浆GOT、GPT无异常变化(P>0.05)。 相似文献
39.
粗放管理条件下山西中部地区适用草坪草种评价 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
选择北方地区建植草坪常用的草地早熟禾Poa pratensis、多年生黑麦草Lolium perenne、高羊茅Festuca arundinacea、匍匐剪股颖Agrostis stolonifera和白三叶Trifolium repens 为供试种,采用NTEP草坪质量评价体系进行了3年的引种评比试验.结果表明:在粗放管理条件下,高羊茅和白三叶适应性很强,其草坪质量保持性好;草地早熟禾次之,虽然其草坪质量下降较快、抗性较低,但草坪质量相对较好,可以与高羊茅以适当比例混播;多年生黑麦草和匍匐剪股颖适应性差,草坪质量下降速度很快,不适宜于低养护强度下在山西中部地区单播建植草坪使用. 相似文献
40.