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排序方式: 共有2509条查询结果,搜索用时 375 毫秒
31.
Alfredo Manicardi Laura Scarabel Josep María Llenes José María Montull María Dolores Osuna Joel Torra Farré Andrea Milani 《Pest management science》2023,79(12):4886-4896
BACKGROUND
Amaranthus palmeri is an aggressive annual weed native to the United States, which has become invasive in some European countries. Populations resistant to acetolactate synthase (ALS) inhibitors have been recorded in Spain and Italy, but the evolutionary origin of the resistance traits remains unknown. Bioassays were conducted to identify cross-resistance to ALS inhibitors and a haplotype-based genetic approach was used to elucidate the origin and distribution of resistance in both countries.RESULTS
Amaranthus palmeri populations were resistant to thifensulfuron-methyl and imazamox, and the 574-Leu mutant ALS allele was found to be the main cause of resistance among them. In two Spanish populations, 376-Glu and 197-Thr mutant ALS alleles were also found. The haplotype analyses revealed the presence of two and four distinct 574-Leu mutant haplotypes in the Italian and Spanish populations, respectively. None was common to both countries, but some mutant haplotypes were shared between geographically close populations or between populations more than 100 km apart. Wide genetic diversity was found in two very close Spanish populations.CONCLUSION
ALS-resistant A. palmeri populations were introduced to Italy and Spain from outside Europe. Populations from both countries have different evolutionary histories and originate from independent introduction events. ALS resistance then spread over short and long distances by seed dispersal. The higher number and genetic diversity among mutant haplotypes from the Spanish populations indicated recurrent invasions. The implementation of control tactics to limit seed dispersal and the establishment of A. palmeri is recommended in both countries. © 2023 The Authors. Pest Management Science published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry. 相似文献32.
33.
This paper points out the shortcoming of the existing project break-even analysis method. A new improved method-the dynamic project break-even analysis method has been put forward. 相似文献
34.
He Chuanjiang 《保鲜与加工》1993,(3):116-120
A three critical point theorem is proved. As its applications, Dirichlet problem for a class of quasilinear elliptic equations cf second order is considered. 相似文献
35.
36.
Zhang Shiqing 《保鲜与加工》1989,(1):105-107
In this paper, by use of the pseudo-gradient vector field, the three critical points theorem in [2] is extended to the C1 function in the Ba-nach space, and therefore the three critical, points theorem in [5] is strengthened and the existence of the saddle point of the C2 function is discussed. 相似文献
37.
ZHANG Chun-tao~ 《保鲜与加工》2004,(7):78-81
Crossover operator and mutation operator are basic operators of genetic algorithm , which play important roles in improving the quality of the solution populations. We propose the improved crossover operator , mutation operator and rotation operator on the basis of good point set with the traveling salesman problem , the experimental result shows these operators are very efficient. 相似文献
38.
With the rapid increase of the Internet user and widely application of Web,the current network technology is facing great challenge. More and more multimedia operations occupy plenty of bandwidth,and result in the network congestion. Therefore,people begin to use QoS to utilize the bandwidth effectively,and ensure the transport of the emergent operation data. The paper introduces the protocols and basic components of QoS,then expatiates the conception and the basic principles of policy control QoS, moreover,emphasizes the structure model of policy control QoS and how it runs. At last,it introduces the transport process of data packets under the control of policies in a policy control QoS system,and how to make the policies in the real world. 相似文献
39.
Zhao Yunbin Duan Yurong 《保鲜与加工》1993,(5):125-130
A new globally convergent algorithm was presented for a continuous differen-tiable nonlinear programming by defining a measure function deviating from the Kuhn-Tucker point. With this algorithm which can be used to get the optimum solution of the problem,the optimal lagrangian multiplier corresponding the optimal solution of the problem was also obtained. A new iterative algorithm for quadratic programming is obtained when applying the general algorithm to quadratic programming. Finally,a numerical example was given. 相似文献
40.
This paper ainalyses the size effect of the fracture energy of concrete tested bythree point bending. It is shown that positive errors of test results of fracture energy increase,ornegative errors decrease with increasing of the specimen ize. The phenomenon is one of main causesresulting in the size effect of fracture energy. 相似文献