简析屯留县丘陵沟壑区传统村落发展现状及未来

农村发展,关系民生并与整个国家的发展密切相关。以屯留县丘陵沟壑区庙儿沟村为例,通过实地调查,从现状、产生的负效应、成因分析等方面阐述了传统村落的发展现状,并对村落的未来发展提出几点思考和建议。     

小麦秸与非常规饲料组合效应的研究

本试验旨在探讨小麦秸与非常规饲料间的组合效应。利用体外产气法,评价了小麦秸与喷浆玉米皮、大豆皮、橘子皮和苹果渣分别按0∶100、25∶75、50∶50、75∶25、100∶0比例进行组合的48 h体外发酵总挥发性脂肪酸(TVFA)浓度和干物质降解率(DMD)、酸性洗涤纤维降解率(ADFD)、中性洗涤纤维降解率(NDFD)以及其组合效应。结果表明:1)在小麦秸与喷浆玉米皮、大豆皮、橘子皮、苹果渣的各组合中,当小麦秸比例为25%时,TVFA浓度均大于小麦秸比例为50%、75%、100%时。2)随着小麦秸比例的增大,小麦秸与喷浆玉米皮、大豆皮、橘子皮、苹果渣组合的DMD逐渐降低,小麦秸与喷浆玉米皮、大豆皮组合各比例之间的DMD差异显著(P0.05)。3)随着小麦秸比例的增大,小麦秸与大豆皮组合的NDFD和ADFD逐渐降低,各比例之间差异显著(P0.05)。在小麦秸与橘子皮的组合中,当小麦秸比例为50%时,NDFD和ADFD最大。4)当小麦秸比例为50%时,小麦秸与橘子皮、苹果渣的组合对NDFD和ADFD的组合效应值最大,显著高于其他各比例(P0.05);当小麦秸比例为75%时,小麦秸与喷浆玉米皮的组合对NDFD和ADFD的组合效应值最大,显著高于其他各比例(P0.05)。综上所述,小麦秸与大豆皮、喷浆玉米皮的最优组合是75∶25。小麦秸与橘子皮、苹果渣的最优组合是50∶50。     

修缮购置专项资金项目实施管理与成效

该文总结了2006年以来该所承担实施的27个修缮购置专项资金在实施过程中的管理情况及取得的初步成效,以期对修缮专项资金实施管理及进一步获得稳定支持以有益启示。     

转基因马铃薯中人白介素-12体外诱导人肝癌细胞凋亡的研究

[目的]检测从人白介素-12（human interleukin12,hIL-12）转基因马铃薯中提取的hIL-12的抗肝癌效应。[方法]用MTT法检测转基因马铃薯中hIL-12对人肝癌细胞HepG22.2.15的体外杀伤作用;用AnnexinV/PI双染色法加激光共聚焦显微镜观察转基因马铃薯中hIL-12对HepG22.2.15细胞的诱导凋亡作用。[结果]转基因马铃薯中表达的hIL-12与重组人白介素-12（rhIL-12）在体外对HepG22.2.15具有杀伤作用,而野生对照组无杀伤作用;AnnexinV/PI双染色法加激光共聚焦显微镜观察结果表明,转基因马铃薯中表达hIL-12可诱导HepG22.2.15细胞凋亡。[结论]转基因马铃薯表达体系表达的人白介素-12具有抗肝癌细胞增殖、促进肝癌细胞凋亡的作用。     

OK-50特效吸油材料的性能研究

通过试验，将公司自主研发的特效吸油材料OK-50应用于不同的油品吸附中，研究其适用油品种类、吸油量和保油率，得出该材料吸油倍率高，保油率也较高，使用范围较为广泛，应用前景广阔。     

转基因植物非预期效应检测评价技术的发展

检测和评价转基因植物非预期效应是转基因植物安全评价不可或缺的重要内容之一。介绍了转基因植物非预期效应的定义、成因及其检测评价技术的发展，指出了转基因植物非预期效应检测评价技术的难点和存在的问题。阐述了基因芯片分析技术在检测和评价转基因植物非预期效应中的应用前景，特别介绍了转基因植物在不同发育阶段和生长条件下差异表达基因的分布模型，并提出了利用基因芯片分析技术，从差异基因到代谢途径，再到非预期效应的转基因植物安全评价模式。这一评价模式可为今后创建高效、全面、客观、公正的转基因植物非预期效应检测和评价技术提供可能的实验模型和理论依据。     

烤烟品种比较试验的小区边际效应研究

[目的]保证烤烟小区试验的代表性和科学性。[方法]通过小区试验对烤烟品种比较试验的小区边际效应进行研究。[结果]各品种除产量不存在边行优势外,上等烟比例、上中等烟比例、烟叶外观质量、烟叶评吸质量等4个指标均存在不同程度的优势;边行优势最大值分别为9.4%、3.9%、11.6%和10.4%。边行优势存在一定的品种间差异性,综合分析,中烟103受优势影响最大,边际效应为10.9%,云烟87受优势影响最小,边际效应为9.1%。[结论]边际效应直接影响各个材料产量的高低及品质的排名,在烤烟品种比较试验中要通过适当扩大小区面积和选取内行植株调查来避免小区边际效应对结果的影响。     

Developmental temperature stress and parental identity shape offspring burst swimming performance in sockeye salmon (Oncorhynchus nerka)

Abstract – The persistent effects of embryonic temperature stress and individual parentage on fry swimming performance were examined in a cross‐fertilisation experiment using sockeye salmon (Oncorhynchus nerka). A fixed‐velocity test of burst swimming was used to assess the endurance capacity and behavioural performance of individual fry from 10 offspring families incubated at 12, 14 or 16 °C to hatch and then reared through yolk absorption and exogenous feeding stages in a common posthatch environment (average 6.9 °C). Fry burst swim time (BST) was influenced by an interaction between incubation temperature and family identity. Average BST was longer for fry from the 12 °C prehatch treatment compared to 14 and 16 °C, although differences were largely attributable to temperature effects on average fry size. Behavioural observations revealed that fish incubated at 16 °C performed more poorly, having a larger proportion of individuals that required stimulation to swim, fatigued more frequently or were classified as ‘nonswimmers’. Within all three incubation temperature treatments, mean BST varied significantly among offspring families, independent of fry mass and length. An interesting relationship was observed within the 16 °C treatment, whereby families with higher survivorship were characterised with lower mean BSTs. Collectively, these findings demonstrate that exposure to high temperatures in early sockeye salmon development can result in persistent, parentally mediated effects on fry performance. As such, these results provide important insight into how elevated temperature events during egg incubation may affect early life history selection processes and survival in stages beyond when the stressor is experienced.     

Crown development in young Picea abies stands

A dynamic model of branch length and weight growth was developed for two contrasting sites, both with young stands of spruce. At one site sample trees were obtained from both unfertilised plots and from plots with increased growth rate maintained by annual fertilisation. At the second site unfertilised trees and trees subject to single applications of fertiliser were modelled. A model of the same structure was developed for each site and tested by application at the alternate site. In view of the close agreement between sites, model parameters were calculated based on all data combined. The model is driven by height increment and branch age. The sample trees were mostly open grown so that only a tentative estimate of the effects of between tree competition is given. The limitations of the model are stressed.     

东阳义乌水权交易的第三方效应及对策研究

运用系统分析方法、比较分析方法和典型案例法,结合东阳义乌地区水权交易的经典案例,着重阐释了水权交易过程中产生的第三方正效应和第三方负效应,提出对水权交易第三方正效应进行多样化补偿和对第三方负效应采取预防、保障、补偿三结合的治理措施,以解决水权交易过程中的公平和效率问题。