小美牛肝菌生物碱抑制运动神经系统原理

通过大鼠急性毒性试验、大鼠脊髓损伤运动功能试验和大鼠脊髓含水量试验,对小美牛肝菌生物碱抑制运动神经系统的原理进行研究。大鼠急性毒性试验结果表明,小美牛肝菌生物碱含有一定的毒性,对机体组织的运动神经系统有一定的影响;大鼠脊髓损伤运动功能试验结果表明,小美牛肝菌所含的生物碱物质能够促进大鼠脊髓损伤恢复,降低大鼠脊髓神经损伤;大鼠脊髓含水量试验结果表明,小美牛肝菌生物碱具有消炎抗氧化作用,能够降低过氧化物对神经细胞的损害。     

口服盐酸特比萘芬对幼犬血液常规及生化指标的影响

试验表明，盐酸特比萘芬不同饲喂剂量均可导致犬淋巴细胞百分比、中性粒细胞百分比、白细胞数等血常规检测指标异常。盐酸特比萘酚在幼犬肝脏和肾脏中的毒性是慢性累积的，临床应用中推荐使用盐酸特比萘芬剂量为 5 mg/kg.d进行口服，连续给药不能超过 21d。     

代谢组学在反刍动物营养研究中的应用进展

代谢组学是研究生物系统中所有代谢物的一门新兴学科。它能够检测生命系统中某一特定生物层次的所有代谢物的变化,并能够利用其特有的分析技术平台和数据分析平台对所得代谢物进行系统性度量。近年来,因其测试技术的广泛适用性,代谢组学逐渐被应用于反刍动物的营养学研究中。本文从瘤胃代谢组学、肝脏代谢组学、乳腺代谢组学和血液代谢组学等4个方面对代谢组学在反刍动物营养研究中的应用进展进行了综述。     

日粮大豆活性肽对仔猪生长和相关理化指标及抗氧化性能的影响

为了探讨大豆活性肽对仔猪生长性能、血液指标及氧化应激参数的影响,试验选取仔猪48头,随机分为2组,每组设3个重复,每重复8头。对照组饲喂基础日粮,试验组饲喂用大豆活性肽替代2%豆粕的日粮。结果:添加2%大豆活性肽,20 d时,显著提高了仔猪粗脂肪、粗蛋白的消化率(P<0.05);血清总蛋白(TP)、血清白蛋白(ALB)和碱性磷酸酶(ALP)水平略高于对照组;50 d时,大豆活性肽显著提高了仔猪干物质、粗灰分、粗脂肪、粗蛋白、粗纤维的消化率(P<0.05),而且总抗氧化能力(T-AOC)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性及TP水平显著高于对照组(P<0.05);全程试验组日增重均显著的高于对照组,料重比、腹泻率显著低于对照组(P<0.05),然而对尿素氮(BUN)和甘油三脂(TG)影响不明显。     

用酶法制备藏羊血食用蛋白粉的研究

采用四因素三水平正交试验,对藏羊血制备食用蛋白的工艺进行了分析。经分析食用蛋白粉水解最佳条件为：酶解用酶量4.5g,酶解温度为46℃,酶解时间为7.5h,酶解的pH值为10.5,活性炭作用于水解液时由室温升至80℃所需最佳时间为6～8min。     

不同生理时期梅花鹿血液GSH-Px含量测定及其纯化

研究不同生理时期梅花鹿全血中GSH-Px含量变化及其纯化技术,为开发鹿血抗衰老资源奠定理论基础.用DINB法测定梅花鹿的溶血液、血细胞内容物、血浆和血细胞细胞膜中GSH-Px含量并计算全血GSH-Px含量；利用10％～100％饱和度的(NH4)2SO4盐析和柱层析技术纯化GSH-Px;用SDS-聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳测定其亚基相对分子质量.试验结果表明:全血GSH-Px含量以生茸期最高为(1 973.07士25.43)U·mL-1,与配种期的(1 727.74士12.46)U·mL-1差异极显著(P＜0.01),与生茸前期的(1 961.83士16.54)U·mL-1差异不显著(P＞0.05)；GSH-Px的初始比活力为24.9 U·mg-1,经纯化后得到GSH-Px 0.37 mg· mL-1,最终比活力1 347.7U·mg-1,纯化倍数为54.1倍,回收率25.00％；鹿血GSH-Px亚基的相对分子质量为17.2 ku.结果提示生茸期鹿血的GSH-Px含量最高,开发利用价值最大,GSH-Px含量与生理特性相关；鹿血GSH-Px盐析条件为40％～80％饱和度的(NH4)2SO4,此时所得GSH-Px纯化倍数较高.     

The importance of manual white blood cell differential counts and platelet estimates in elephant hematology: blood film review is essential

Unique features of elephant hematology are known challenges in analytical methodology like two types of monocytes typical for members of the Order Afrotheria and platelet counts of the comparatively small elephant platelet. To investigate WBC differential and platelet data generated by an impedance-based hematology analyzer without availability of validated species-specific software for recognition of elephant WBCs and platelets, compared to manual blood film review. Blood samples preserved in ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) of 50 elephants (n = 35 Elephas maximus and n = 15 Loxodonta africana) were used. A Mann-Whitney test for independent samples was used to compare parameters between methods and agreement was tested using Bland-Altman bias plots. All hematological variables, including absolute numbers of heterophils, lymphocytes, monocytes, eosinophils, basophils, and platelets, were significantly different (p < 0.0001) between both methods of analysis, and there was no agreement using Bland-Altman bias plots. Manual review consistently produced higher heterophil and monocyte counts as well as platelet estimates, while the automated analyzer produced higher lymphocyte, eosinophil, and basophil counts. The hematology analyzer did not properly differentiate elephant lymphocytes and monocytes, and did not accurately count elephant platelets. These findings emphasize the importance of manual blood film review as part of elephant complete blood counts in both clinical and research settings and as a basis for the development of hematological reference intervals.     

Platelet abnormalities and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratios in canine immunosuppressant-responsive and non-responsive enteropathy: A retrospective study in 41 dogs

Few studies have examined platelet alterations in dogs with chronic enteropathy. Our aim was to investigate platelet count (PLT), mean platelet volume (MPV), and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) in dogs diagnosed with immunosuppressant-responsive enteropathy (IRE). In this retrospective study of 41 dogs, data regarding signalment, canine chronic enteropathy clinical activity index (CCECAI), endoscopic and histopathological scores, PLT, MPV, PLR, total serum protein concentrations, albumin, and iron were collected. Clinical response and relapse were assessed with the evaluation of CCECAI over time. One month after starting therapy, dogs with >25% CCECAI reduction were considered responders. During a three-month CCECAI evaluation as part of a twelve-month follow-up, a CCECAI >3 together with a ≥2 unit increase in responder dogs was considered a relapse. PLT and PLR displayed significant negative correlation with MPV. MPV was positively correlated with total protein and albumin levels and negatively correlated with CCECAI. Three dogs were classified as non-responders, and 14 relapsed within 12 months. No differences were observed in PLT, MPV, or PLR between responding/non-responding and relapsing/non-relapsing groups. PLT, MPV, and PLR correlated with total protein, albumin, and CCECAI, confirming PLT as a potential marker, and suggesting MPV as a new marker of clinical efficacy against canine IRE.