水稻持久抗瘟性研究

以病区时空动态效应强度检验为核心,以纬度病圃、抗谱测定和抗性信息流的追踪考证作为持久抗瘟性鉴定评价方法的基础。经综合评价,认为特特勃(Tetep)、小粒野生稻Oryzaminuta J.S.Presl ex C.B.Presl、湘资3150、天津野生稻、谷梅二号、魔王谷等具有持久抗瘟性,可作抗源用,其中小粒野生稻兼具持久抗褐飞虱Nilaparvata lugens St(?)l性能;提出了持久抗瘟性鉴定的原则和方法。对持久抗瘟性的时空动态特性、广谱抗性与持久抗性的关系等进行了讨论。     

Interaction of benzimidazole-N-sulfonamides with the cytochrome b/c1 complex of Pythium aphanidermatum

Experiments with intact cells and submitochondrial fractions of Pythium aphanidermatum (Edson) Fitz. indicated an interference of benzimidazole-N-sulfonamides with the NADH- or succinate-driven electron transport system between cytochromes b and c. Comparison with Ustilago maydis (DC) Corda and Botrytis cinerea Pers. ex Fr. revealed that this effect is Oomycetes specific. The molecular interaction between benzimidazole-N-sulfonamides and the mitochondrial cytochrome b/c₁ complex from P. aphanidermatum has been investigated. Binding assays with [¹⁴C]52232 RP (dimefluazole) indicated a time- and dose-dependent labelling of two proteins. The molecular mass of one labelled protein and the competition of the binding with antimycin A suggest that benzimidazole-N-sulfonamides interact with the Q₁-centre of cytochrome b. Furthermore, experiments with doubly labelled [³H][¹⁴C]CGA 323103 revealed a possible irreversible inactivation of the b/c₁ complex leading to covalent linkage of the dimethylsulfonamoyl moiety to the target site.     

野燕麦、遏兰菜复合群体对小麦产量损失研究

试验采用二因素五水平二次回归通用旋转组合设计，研究野燕麦遏兰菜不同密度的复合群体与小麦减产率，穗数减少率，穗粒数减少率等指标函数间的变化规律。结果表明，野燕麦密度是影响产量的主要因子，遏兰菜密度是次要因子。野燕麦，遏兰菜密度与小麦减产率，穗数减少率，穗粒数减少率在试验范围内呈正相关关系，小麦减产率回归方程为：Ｙｙ＝２０．７０＋６．０９１３ｘ１＋２．１５６３ｘ２＋４．３２５０ｘ１ｘ２－２．１３５５ｘ     

内蒙古黄河上中游天然林资源保护工程区立地条件分析

文章通过对自治区黄河上中游“天保”工程区的自然条件分析和立地类型划分 ,提出了恢复植被 ,控制水土流失 ,减轻风沙危害的具体措施。根据工程区不同的立地类型 ,采取乔、灌、草相结合的不同模式 ,最大限度的增加植被盖度 ,从而达到改善生态环境的目的。     

七星瓢虫对两种麦蚜控制作用的模拟研究

应用二次回归旋转组合设计方法研究了七星瓢虫成虫、幼虫与两种麦蚜共存系统中瓢虫对麦长管蚜和禾谷缢管蚜的捕食量模型。结果表明七星瓢虫对两种麦蚜的捕食量随着瓢虫密度的增加而减少．随着该种麦蚜密度的增加而增加．且七星瓢虫无选择性。七星瓢虫不同个体间的干扰作用对其捕食麦长管蚜数量有显著影响,两种麦蚜数交互作用对七星瓢虫捕食禾谷缢管蚜数量影响显著。该模型可用来预测田间蚜虫的变化．指导麦田蚜虫防治。     

复合天然添加剂对鹌鹑蛋品质影响的研究

用300只10月龄产蛋鹌鹑随机分成3组,对照组A饲喂全价基础日粮,试验组B添加0.5%的含有红椒粉和油菜花粉的天然添加剂,试验组C添加0.5%的含有红椒粉和甜茶粉的天然添加剂,试验期15天。测定第0、5、10、15天的蛋重、蛋形指数、蛋壳厚度、蛋黄指数及蛋黄色泽度(RCF)。结果表明:B和C蛋黄色泽度明显高于A(P<0.01),同时B高于C(P<0.05);B和C蛋黄指数显著高于A(P<0.05,P<0.01),且第15天时B显著高于C(P<0.05);蛋重、蛋形指数和蛋壳厚度组间差异不显著(P>0.05)。试验说明:该两种复合天然添加剂能够明显提高鹌鹑蛋黄色泽度和蛋黄指数。     

日本血吸虫候选疫苗免疫保护力研究进展

血吸虫病是危害严重的寄生虫病之一,其疫苗的研究是血吸虫病防治的一项工作重点也是一大难题。本文综述了日本血吸虫疫苗侯选分子筛选、模拟表位疫苗和多价疫苗的研究现状,并对血吸虫疫苗的深入研究进行了分析。     

Restoration and stress relief through physical activities in forests and parks

A field survey assessed the restorative effects of visiting an urban forest and a city park in Zurich, Switzerland. Respondents rated their headaches, level of stress, and how balanced they felt both prior to visiting the outdoor location and at the time of being interviewed. Suffering from headaches and stress decreased significantly, and feeling well-balanced increased significantly. The recovery ratio for stress was 87%, and the reduction in headaches was 52%, in terms of the possible improvements on five-point rating scales. With respect to feeling well-balanced, the observed changes amounted to 40% of the possible enhancement. Positive effects increased with length of visit, and individuals practising sports (e.g., jogging, biking, playing ball) showed significantly higher improvements than those engaged in less strenuous activities (e.g., taking a walk or relaxing). These findings support previous research on how exercise in green spaces promotes well-being and recovery from stress.     

氮素形态对小麦幼苗叶绿体色素蛋白复合体含量及希尔反应活性的影响

采用水培方法研究了不同氮素形态对小麦幼苗叶绿体色素、色素蛋白复合体及希尔反应活性的影响.结果表明,50%硝态氮 50%铵态氮处理时,电泳条带中31～43kD范围内的多肽组分及高分量区属于PSⅠ的多肽组分含量最高,两种氮素形态单独施用时最低;叶片的光吸收能力、叶绿素含量及叶绿体蛋白含量均在氮素形态配比相等时达到最大,两种氮素形态单独施用时最低;希尔反应活性则随着铵态氮比例降低而降低.