沙葱乙醇提取物对肉仔鸡生产性能的影响

试验选择120只1日龄罗斯308商品肉鸡随机分为4个处理组,每个处理3个重复,每个重复10只鸡。对照组饲喂基础日粮,试验组分为AWEⅠ组、AWEⅡ组和AWEⅢ组,分别在基础日粮中添加100、300和500 mg/kg沙葱乙醇提取物(AWE),研究其对肉仔鸡生产性能的影响。结果表明,沙葱乙醇提取物对肉仔鸡生产性能无显著影响(P0.05),但有促进日增重、提高采食量及降低料肉比等指标的趋势。     

Radiographic and scintigraphic evaluation of spondylosis in the equine thoracolumbar spine: A retrospective study

Reasons for performing study: Clinical, radiographic and scintigraphic signs associated with spondylosis of the equine thoracolumbar spine have been poorly documented. Objectives: To establish an objective radiographic and scintigraphic grading system for spondylosis lesions; to estimate the prevalence of spondylosis in a population of horses with back pain; and to compare the results of radiography and scintigraphy Methods: Radiographic images of the thoracolumbar spine from 670 horses with clinical signs of back pain were graded. Scintigraphic images from horses with spondylosis lesions underwent subjective and objective analysis. Sensitivity and specificity of scintigraphy for detection of spondylosis relative to radiography for identification of spondylosis were calculated, and Chi‐squared analysis was performed to test for an association between location and severity of lesions. Results: Twenty‐three of 670 horses (3.4%) with back pain had radiographic evidence of spondylosis. Of these horses, 14 (61%) had more than one lesion and 44% (n = 22) of lesions occurred between T11‐T13 vertebral bodies. Only 33% (n = 28) of locations with radiographic changes had increased radiopharmaceutical uptake. Conclusion: Spondylosis occurs at a low prevalence in horses with back pain. It may be present alone or in association with other osseous abnormalities. The clinical significance of spondylosis needs further investigation. Potential relevance: Spondylosis is uncommon but may be a contributor to back pain in the horse.     

海狸色獭兔与皱襞型獭兔不同交配组合生产性能比较研究

试验为探究海狸色獭兔与皱襞型獭兔不同交配组合生产性能比较,随机选取6~7月龄健康皱襞型獭兔和海狸色獭兔各40只（30只母兔和10只公兔）,进行不同交配组合试验,分别为海狸纯繁组（海狸色獭兔（♂）×海狸色獭兔（♀））、皱襞纯繁组（白色皱襞型獭兔（♂）×白色皱襞型獭兔（♀））、正交组（海狸色獭兔（♂）×白色皱襞型獭兔（♀））和反交组（白色皱襞型獭兔（♂）×海狸色獭兔（♀））,测定母兔繁殖性能和后代生长性能、屠宰性能及被毛品质。结果显示：正交组初生窝重320.71 g、产仔数6.71只、泌乳力1 727.43 g、仔兔断奶成活率83.91%、仔兔断奶窝重5 304.14 g、幼兔料重比4.06、屠宰率62.43%、皮张面积1 160.20 cm²、被毛密度15 951.70根/cm²、被毛细度16.32 μm、粗毛率6.83%;反交组初生窝重315.14 g、产仔数6.52只、泌乳力1 710.00 g、仔兔断奶成活率80.19%、仔兔断奶窝重4 814.82 g、幼兔料重比4.30、屠宰率62.93%、皮张面积1 172.20 cm²、被毛密度16 092.01根/cm²、被毛细度16.43 μm、粗毛率6.78%,经比对两组间差异均不显著（P>0.05）;而海狸色纯繁组的初生窝重、产仔数、泌乳力、仔兔断奶成活率、仔兔断奶窝重、皮张面积、被毛密度、被毛细度均较皱襞型纯繁组低、而幼兔料重比、屠宰率及粗毛率均较皱襞型纯繁组高,经比对两个纯繁组间除料重比、屠宰率、被毛细度和粗毛率差异不显著外（P>0.05）,其他各指标差异均显著（P<0.05）。综上所述,正交组合亲代的繁殖性能及F1代的生长性能和屠宰性能均略好于反交组合;而反交组合F1代的被毛品质略好于正交组合。     

浓缩大豆磷脂对肉仔鸡生产性能的影响

本试验采用单因子随机化设计,将225只艾维菌肉仔鸡随机分为5个处理组,每个处理组设3个重复,每个重复15只鸡,以玉米-豆粕型日粮为基础日粮,饲喂处理1设为空白对照组;处理2添加猪油,设为猪油对照组;处理3、4、5分别添加低、中、高水平的浓缩大豆磷脂,为试验组.在0～3周龄猪油以2%,浓缩大豆磷脂分别以2%、3%、4%;在4～6周龄猪油以3%,浓缩大豆磷脂分别以3%、4%、5%添加到基础日粮中以替代相同比例的玉米,蛋白质水平维持不变.研究添加猪油和不同水平的浓缩大豆磷脂对肉仔鸡生长性能的影响,并对其作用机理进行了初步探讨.结果表明:在0～3周龄时,中、高水平试验组极显著地提高了采食量(P<0.01);在4～6周龄时,中水平试验组具有较大的采食量,但高水平试验组采食量有所下降;从全期来看,猪油对采食量影响不大;在0～3周龄,中、高水平试验组极显著地提高了增重(P<0.01),而且在此阶段添加油脂显著提高了饲料转化率(P<0.05);在4～6周龄时,添加油脂极显著提高了增重和饲料转化率(P<0.01);从全期来看,添加油脂可以提高增重与饲料转化率,且在0～3周龄时浓缩大豆磷脂优于猪油.     

半胱胺对肉兔生产性能和血清生化指标的影响

选择160只45日龄肉兔(公母各半)随机分成5组,在基础日粮中分别添加0、60、90、120、150mg/kg的半胱胺饲喂30d。结果表明:①在日粮中添加半胱胺可以提高肉兔的日增重和日采食量,降低料重比。其中90mg/kg组的肉兔日增重比对照组提高了15.78%(P0.01),日采食量提高了5.12%(P0.01),料肉比降低了9.09%(P0.01);②在日粮中添加半胱胺可以提高肉兔血清中总蛋白、白蛋白、生长激素水平,酸性磷酸酶和碱性磷酸酶的活性,降低血清中尿素氮水平和谷丙转氨酶的活性。     

氯化钾对热应激肉仔鸡生产性能的影响

本试验测定了氯化钾对热应激肉仔鸡生产性能的影响。试验应用２ｌ０只星布罗肉仔鸡，随机分成７组，每组３０只。氯化钾按０％、　０．０６％、０．１２％、０．１８％、０．２４％、０．３０％和０．３６％添加到饮水中，试验温度为３２±１℃，试验期为３５天。结果表明饮水中添加０．２４％、一０．３０％氯化钾能显著提高热应激条件下肉仔鸡的生产性能。     

后非洲猪瘟时期洋三元（DLY）商品母猪作种用的可行性分析及建议

自从2018年非洲猪瘟在中国暴发以来,为了尽快恢复产能,我国很多猪场在生产上开始采用洋三元商品母猪留作种用。通过收集某大型猪场的二元（（LY）母猪和洋三元（DLY）商品母猪的生产记录,统计两者在生产成绩上的差异,并综合其他文献来分析洋三元商品母猪留作种用的优缺点,给出改进的措施,为后非洲猪瘟时期养猪生产提供参考。     

开食时间对雏鸡早期生长和内脏器官发育的影响

本试验旨在研究不同开食时间对雏鸡早期的生长性能及内脏器官发育的影响.试验选取1080只0日龄、体重相近的新扬州鸡雏鸡,根据开食时间不同,随机分成6个组,每个组3个重复,每个重复60只(30只公鸡,30只母鸡).出壳后一周内,每天从每个重复中随机挑选8只雏鸡(4公4母),分别称其活重后致死,取卵黄囊、肝脏、心脏、胰腺、法氏囊和小肠分别称重,测量小肠长度.结果表明,出壳后禁食36h对7日龄鸡体重没有显著负面影响,出壳后最长禁食时间不应超过60h.     

Bee pollen and propolis as dietary supplements for rabbit: Effect on reproductive performance of does and on immunological response of does and their offspring

To evaluate the effect of bee pollen (BP) and/or propolis (Pro) supplementation on rabbit does, 64 nulliparous NZW rabbits does were distributed among eight groups (eight animals/group). One unsupplemented group was the control; the other seven groups were supplemented, respectively, with zinc bacitracin (ZnB) at 100 mg, BP at 150 and 300 mg, Pro at 150 and 300 mg, BP+Pro at 150 and 300 mg of each three times/week, day after day continuously along eight parities. The BP300, Pro300 and BP+Pro150 groups had higher body weight of litter at birth and number of kids born alive. The BP supplementation at 150 mg increased plasma total protein and albumin than the control group. The BP or Pro at 150 mg decreased plasma T₃ than the other groups except for BP+Pro150. The ZnB group had significantly greater T₃/T₄ ratio compared to BP, Pro and BP+Pro at 150 mg. The BP+Pro150 group had less ALT than the control; BP300 and Pro 300 mg resulted in lower plasma AST than the groups Pro150 with or without BP and the control group. The plasma alkaline phosphatase of BP at 150 or 300 mg and BP+Pro150 was significantly greater than that of the Pro150 group. The BP+Pro300 group had higher WBCs than the other groups. In contrast, the lymphocytes were greater in the Pro and BP+Pro300 groups than in BP, Pro and BP+Pro at 150 mg. The groups supplemented with BP and BP+Pro at 150 and 300 mg had significantly greater SRBCs of doe rabbits and their offspring compared to the control and the ZnB group. The BP at 300 mg increased the serum albumin and α₁‐globulin than the control group. The Pro300 group had greater serum α₂‐globulin and β‐globulin than the control group. The total globulin was significantly greater for the 300 mg propolis‐supplemented groups than the control.     

谷氨酰胺对肉仔鸡生长性能和盲肠沙门氏菌定植的影响

文章旨在研究谷氨酰胺对肉鸡生长性能和盲肠沙门氏菌水平的影响。试验1选择1日龄AA肉仔鸡234只,随机分为3组,每组3个重复,每个重复26只鸡,对照组饲喂玉米-豆粕型日粮,处理1组饲喂基础日粮(在3日龄感染3.6×10^6cfu沙门氏菌),处理2组饲喂基础日粮+10g/kg谷氨酰胺(在3日龄感染3.6×10^6cfu沙门氏菌)。试验2选择1日龄AA肉仔鸡312只,随机分为4组,每组3个重复,每个重复26只鸡,对照组和处理1组同试验1,处理3组同试验1的处理2组,但肉鸡感染7.5×10^6cfu沙门氏菌试验2处理2组饲喂基础日粮+10g/kg谷氨酰胺(不感染沙门氏菌)。两个试验均开展14d。试验1:日粮添加谷氨酰胺对肉鸡生长性能无显著影响(P>0.05)。试验2:处理2组较其他组显著提高了1~7d肉鸡的体重和日增重(P<0.05)。肉鸡感染沙门氏菌4或10d后,日粮添加谷氨酰胺对盲肠沙门氏菌含量无显著影响(P>0.05)。结论:日粮添加1%谷氨酰胺可以提高肉鸡生长性能,但并没有降低盲肠沙门氏菌水平,这说明日粮中添加1%谷氨酰胺不足以达到降低盲肠沙门氏菌的最佳水平。