发酵魔芋流质纤维饮料的研制

在纯魔芋培养基（ＫＤＡ）上接种６种菇类菌种，培养筛选出平菇菌为最佳发酵菌种。在５种发酵培养基上接种平菇菌进行摇瓶培养和深层发酵，获得最佳配方：１％魔芋粉＋２％玉米粉＋矿质元素。对其发酵液进行调配，获得发酵魔芋流质纤维饮料，流质纤维高达０．５％以上，无魔芋腥味，含较高的蛋白质、钙、铁、锌及菌体有益成分，香味自然，口味醇和，不易假冒。     

COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY OF THE THORAX OF THE ADULT NUBIAN GOAT*

A stable adult animal model is needed to mimic as closely as possible the conditions which will exist when a permanent total cardiac prosthesis is placed in a human. Such a model presently under investigation is the adult Nubian goat. One of the studies utilized to assess the thoracic anatomy of this animal was computed tomography. The resulting computed tomograms provide a reference for the normal cross-sectional thoracic anatomy of the adult goat     

黄土丘陵沟壑区退耕地人工林的土壤环境效应

根据延安、安塞和吴旗退耕20年以上人工林地、自然恢复草地和坡耕地的调查与分析资料,分析了人工林相对于坡耕地、自然恢复草地、次生林的土壤环境效应,包括土壤有机质的积累、土壤氮磷钾素的变化、土壤水分效应和水稳性团聚体的特征。结果表明:人工林可明显地提高土壤有机质、全氮、有效氮和速效钾的含量,特别是0~20cm土层,但这些土壤肥力指标仍处于低或中等水平;同时人工林地土壤的水稳性团聚体含量较高,增强了土壤的抗侵蚀能力;但人工林对土壤水分的消耗却远远大于坡耕地和自然恢复的草地,在安塞和吴旗表现得更为明显。综合分析结果和黄土丘陵沟壑区特殊的自然环境特征,认为在黄土高原丘陵沟壑区,退耕地的植被恢复宜采取先封禁牧,然后补种部分适宜的牧草、灌木和乔木,逐步实现良好的乔灌草植被结构特征和其生态环境功能。     

棉铃虫多代连续取食转基因抗虫棉的抗性演变

1997－1999年,用含45％Bt CPT1双抗基因棉半人工饲料饲喂棉铃虫幼虫5．5天,连续16代汰选。结果：幼虫校正死亡率由79．18％下降到49．36％;其体长达取食45％泗棉3号半人工饲料幼虫平均体长,由第一代的0上升到第16代的23．32％;幼虫体长、体重增长速率由第一代负增长分别上升为55．29％和366．67％。表明棉铃虫幼虫经取食转基因抗虫棉连续16代,其中肠对抗虫棉已产生一定的亲和性及适宜性,进入早期抗性阶段。     

Evaluation of Synchronization of Oestrus Based on Gonadotrophin-releasing Hormone and Its Potential Use for Fixed-Time Breeding in Tuli Beef Cows

The objective of the experiment was to compare the reproductive post-partum performance of beef cows synchronized for oestrus using prostaglandin F₂ (PGF₂) alone or with a gonadotrophin-releasing hormone (GnRH)-based drug. Fifty-five post-partum lactating Tuli cows were randomly allocated to three groups. Two groups were synchronized using either two injections of PGF₂ (500 g Prosolvin per injection) given 11 days apart (group 1), or GnRH (12.5 g Receptal per injection) followed 6 days later by an injection of 500 g PGF₂ (group 2). The cows were bred by artificial insemination 12 h after they were observed in oestrus. Group 3 was synchronized as for group 2, but a second injection of GnRH was given 54 h after the PGF₂ injection, at which time the cows were bred by artificial insemination (AI) without detection of oestrus. Blood samples were taken from the cows in group 3 and analysed for progesterone concentration to establish which cows were cycling and in oestrus before and at the time of breeding. Detection of oestrus and breeding by AI was done over 60 days. There were no significant differences (p>0.05) among the three groups in the first service and total conception rates. The percentage of cows in oestrus within 10 days of the synchronization treatment was not significantly different (p>0.05) between groups 1 and 2. The progesterone concentrations in the cows in group 3 showed that only those that were cycling at the start of the experiment responded to the synchronization treatment and conceived after fixed-time breeding. These results suggest that combinations of PGF₂ and GnRH may be of value in synchronizing oestrus and controlling breeding in Tuli cows. However, the benefit might be greater if only cows that are known to be cycling are bred in this way.     

花尾胡椒鲷的人工繁殖

报导了１９９９年５月１３日至７月５日进行的花尾胡椒鲷人工育苗技术研究。培育获得平均全长２４．３ｍｍ、平均体重０．２９ｇ的幼鱼鱼苗３．０万尾,育苗成活率达４９．２％。试验期间室内育苗池水温与盐度的自然变化范围分别为２４．０￣３０．５℃,２９．６￣３０．５。仔、稚、幼鱼培育的饵料系列基本搭配为轮虫－卤虫无节幼体和桡足类、海水枝角类－鱼肉糜。试验发现：花尾胡椒鲷人工育苗的死亡高峰期出现在稚鱼后期,３８￣４４日龄阶段。     

加强耕牛品种改良推动畜牧业发展

毕节地区自１９８０年以来,为全面推广牛的冷冻精液人工授精技术,先后引进１０余种优良品种牛的冻精,采用人工授精技术对本地牛进行杂交改良,对各组合杂交牛的生长发育、生产性能进行测定,结果均明显地优于本地牛,平均每头杂交牛比本地牛新增产值３００元左右,获得了明显的社会效益和经济效益。牛改工作达到了贵州省常年任务的最好水平。文中总结了毕节地区牛改冻配改良工作跃上新台阶的具体操作方法。     

拟黑多刺”蚂蚁生物学特性观察

报道了“拟黑多刺”蚂蚁的一些物理学特性,为进行人工养殖提供了科学依据。     

大黄鱼人工育苗技术

大黄鱼Ｐｓｅｕｄｏｓｃｉａｅｎａｃｒｏｃｅａ(Ｒｉｃｈａｒｄｓｏｎ) ,系石首鱼科黄鱼属 ,俗称黄花鱼 ,为我国特有的地方性种类 ,是我国传统四大经济鱼类之一。近年来 ,大黄鱼自然资源日趋衰退 ,在海洲湾渔场濒临绝迹。为保护繁衍大黄鱼资源 ,发展大黄鱼增养殖业 ,1 998年 4月 ,我局承担了江苏省海洋渔业开发项目大黄鱼人工育苗技术研究。本文系该项育苗技术的生产性试验结果 ,旨在为石首鱼科鱼类的人工育苗提供参考。1　材料与方法1.1　材料( 1 )育苗室设施。育苗室屋顶为玻璃框架结构 ,顶部及四周备有遮光黑塑料布。( 2 )育苗池。为 7.…     

落叶松杂种大规模繁殖配套技术研究

研究了日本落叶松×长白落叶松不同杂交组合的授粉可配性、可育性 ,杂种苗生长、杂种采穗园母株插穗产量和全光雾插条件下不同组合、单株插穗经不同浓度激素处理的生根以及大田生根插穗移植成活、生长情况。日本落叶松×长白落叶松种间易于杂交 ,不同组合间授粉可配性和杂种苗生长差异十分明显。尽管组合间插穗生根存在着明显差异 ,但幼年母株插穗一般生根容易 ,不经任何激素处理生根率也能达到 90 %以上。采穗园 2 .5～ 3.5年生杂种母株 ,平均可繁殖 13～ 2 7株·株 -1 、 级 2年生扦插苗。基于目前的研究结果组装各环节最佳方案 ,用人工控制授粉的方法配制优良组合 (一般、特殊配合力高 )的杂种种子 ,播种育苗后建采穗园进行扦插繁殖 ,即能在短期内大量增殖这些珍稀的遗传改良杂种