鬼灯檠属植物药学研究概况

在广泛文献检索的基础上,对鬼灯檠的成分、药理、临床应用等进行了概述,为深入研究和开发利用提供科学资料.     

鹿药药学研究概况

在广泛文献检索基础上,对鹿药的成分、药理作用和临床应用等研究进展进行概述,为深入开发和利用鹿药提供科学资料。     

The Effects of Long‐term Fertiliser Applications on Soil Organic Carbon and Hydraulic Properties of a Loess Soil in China

Based on a 28‐year in situ experiment, this paper investigated the impacts of organic and inorganic fertiliser applications on soil organic carbon (SOC) content and soil hydraulic properties of the silt loam (Eumorthic Anthrosols) soils derived from loess soil in the Guanzhong Plain of China. There were two crop (winter wheat and summer maize) rotations with conventional tillage. The treatments included control without fertiliser application, organic manure application (M), chemical fertiliser application (NP), and the application of organic manure with chemical fertiliser (MNP). The results showed that the 28‐year organic manure applications (M and MNP) significantly (p < 0·05) increased SOC content at surface layer (0–10 cm), but the effect of chemical fertilisers alone on SOC was not significant. Organic manure treatments (M and MNP) apparently improved soil hydraulic properties. Compared with control, field capacity and total porosity significantly (p < 0·05) increased while soil bulk density significantly (p < 0·05) decreased for organic manure applications. The M and MNP treatments increased soil water retentions by 3·2–10·8%, which was dependent of suction tensions. However, the NP treatment had no significantly impact on soil water retention compared with control. Neither organic nor inorganic fertiliser applications significantly changed saturated hydraulic conductivity. However, a clear difference was observed for unsaturated hydraulic conductivity between the M and the control at 0–5 cm. Overall, long‐term applications of organic manuring increased SOC content and amended soil hydraulic properties. However, the effects of chemical fertilisers on these soil properties were limited. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

The role of sensitivity to abscisic acid and gibberellin in pre-maturity α-amylase formation in wheat grains

To study the role of abscisic acid (ABA) and gibberellin (GA) sensitivity in regulating pre-maturity α-amylase (PMA) in wheat grains, plants were grown in a glasshouse under cold-shock and ambient conditions. α-amylase activity in response to applied ABA and GA was measured in detached-grains with the embryo removed (in vitro) and in intact-grains attached to the plant (in situ). The in vitro experiment was conducted using Spark (low PMA-susceptible genotype) and Rialto (highly PMA-susceptible genotype), with the aim of defining the time point for GA-sensitivity. The results showed an increase in GA-sensitivity at about 640 degree days after anthesis (DAA) in Rialto. There was no evidence for a change in ABA-sensitivity in either variety. The in situ experiments were conducted using genotypes from a Spark × Rialto doubled haploid population segregating for the Rht-D1a (tall) or Rht-D1b allele and for the presence or absence of 1BS/1RS. For Rht-D1a (tall) or Rht-D1b genotypes with or without 1BS/1RS, the cold-shock significantly increased GA-sensitivity, whereas there was no significant change in ABA-sensitivity. These results show PMA is related to an increase in GA-sensitivity that occurs in the aleurone at around 640 degree DAA, and can be enhanced by environmental factors (e.g. cold-shock).     

介质阻挡放电等离子体生物质的液化

为了探索常压快速生物质液化新方法,该文以木屑、秸秆、稻壳等常见生物质为研究对象,利用介质阻挡放电等离子体技术,在低温、常压条件下进行生物质液化的试验研究与分析。 研究结果表明：该方法具有反应速度快,反应条件温和、设备简单、产物性质稳定、低腐蚀性等一系列优点,是今后研究开发的方向之一。     

超声强化酯交换制备生物柴油的工艺优化

为了获得超声强化酯交换反应制备生物柴油最佳工艺条件,为工业化生产提供借鉴。该文考察了超声功率密度、反应温度、催化剂用量和醇油摩尔比等因素对超声强化 KOH 催化酯交换反应过程的影响,并采用响应曲面分析方法（RSM）优化最佳工艺参数。研究结果表明：超声强化 KOH 催化酯交换反应制备生物柴油最佳工艺条件为：超声功率密度54.7 W/L、反应温度34℃、催化剂用量为大豆油质量的 1.3%、醇油摩尔比6︰1,此条件下酯交换反应甲酯质量分数为 99.68%,经验证试验得实测值为99.56%。RSM优化的试验结果适合于碱催化酯交换反应制备生物柴油工艺,并能够预测不同条件下碱催化酯交换反应中的甲酯质量分数。     

SketchUp软件在景观概念性设计表现中的优势及应用

简要分析了景观概念性设计的特点和思维方法,介绍了SketchUp软件特征及其在概念设计表现中的优势,并通过案例分析——合肥酷卡汽车俱乐部室外景观概念性设计,展示了SketchUp软件的照片匹配建模功能和快速表现在概念性设计中的应用。     

海州常山药学研究概况

在广泛文献检索基础上,对海州常山的成分、药理和毒理作用(抗肿瘤、降压、抗炎、镇痛等)和临床应用(治疗高血压、风湿性关节炎、痔疮、溃疡等)方面进行了综述,为进一步研究和开发海州常山的药用价值提供科学资料。     

探析网络嗅探技术

网络嗅探技术在信息安全防御技术和黑客攻防技术中都处于非常重要的地位。分析了本机嗅探、广播网络嗅探和基于交换机的嗅探等网络嗅探技术的基本原理,阐述了网络嗅探技术在网络行为审计网络蠕虫病毒抑制等信息安全防御领域的作用,探讨了网络嗅探技术应用前景和发展方向。     

黑龙江省野生莲的分布及应用

莲的历史悠久，分布广泛。仅对黑龙江省野生莲的分布状况进行概要介绍，简要分析了莲的功能及园林应用，并号召全民行动，保护这一珍贵的野生资源，使它能与人类和谐相处，与地球共存。