不同育苗方式对苦瓜育苗效果的影响

通过研究营养钵育苗、穴盘育苗、营养基质块育苗对苦瓜幼苗生长的影响,筛选出最佳的苦瓜育苗方式。调查不同方式育苗条件下苦瓜出苗速度、株高、茎粗、节间长、叶数、叶长、叶宽、地上部干鲜重、根干鲜重等生长指标,分析壮苗指数。3种育苗方式中,以营养钵育苗最好,幼苗的茎最粗,为3.02 mm;叶片最大,长、宽分别为5.77 mm和6.23 mm;根系最发达,鲜、干重分别为1.45 g和0.08 g;生长量最大,地上部鲜、干重分别为4.14 g和0.35 g;壮苗指数最高,为0.18。采用营养钵育苗,幼苗生长稳健,株高适中,茎粗,叶片宽大,根系发达,壮苗指数高,有利于培育壮苗。     

齿墩状内消能工的消能及压力特性

输水管道或泄洪洞常见的内消能方式为孔板和洞塞,结合明渠水流中的消能工形式提出了齿墩状内消能工,并通过物理模型试验对不同面积收缩比的齿墩状内消能工进行了研究,分析了它们的过流能力、消能率、压强沿程变化及脉动压强特性.结果表明:齿墩状内消能工的过流能力主要是由消能工的体型及尺寸决定的,其面积收缩比越大,消能率越低,过流能力就越强;齿墩状内消能工的时均压强在收缩段骤降,在其后部逐渐上升,而后恢复至稳定,其恢复长度基本相同;齿墩状内消能工的脉动压强最大点均出现在收缩段后1倍圆管直径范围内,随后迅速减小,逐渐趋于平稳;面积收缩比为0.471 2的齿墩状消能工的脉动强度最小,因而其抗空化性能优于其他情况,且脉动压强最大点的压强概率密度分布接近正态分布.     

一种新颖的STBC-OFDM信道估计算法

给出了一种基于空时编码训练序列的信道估计算法,这种算法基于空时分组码的正交性.模拟实验证明,该算法适用于慢变瑞利衰落信道和时不变频率选择性衰落信道,同时该算法优于基于LS的算法.此算法可以应用于OFDM通信系统.     

Evaluation of pacing site in dogs with naturally occurring complete heart block

Objective

To compare left ventricular synchronization and systolic performance with transvenous pacing of the right ventricular apex (RVA), left ventricular free wall (LVF) or simultaneous pacing of the RVA and LVF (BiV).

Animals, materials and methods

Seven canine patients with complete heart block. Prospective study evaluating effect of pacing site. Twenty four hours following implantation of transvenous BiV pacing systems, electrocardiograms and echocardiograms were assessed during pacing from the: (1) Right Atrial Appendage/RVA (RAA/RVA), (2) RAA/LVF, and (3) RAA/BiV.

Results

QRS duration was significantly shorter with BiV pacing versus LVF pacing (p < 0.001), or RVA pacing (p < 0.001). Echocardiographic indices of systolic performance fractional shortening (FS), ejection fraction (EF), cardiac output (CO) were significantly higher with BiV pacing than with pacing from the RVA (P = 0.023, 0.006, and 0.002 respectively). Cardiac output, measured by the biplane Simpson's method, was higher with LVF versus RVA pacing (P = 0.036). There was no difference in FS or EF when comparing LVF to RVA pacing. Tissue Doppler measurements of synchronization and systolic performance did not show any difference between pacing mode, but a significantly increased number of segments were seen to contract following aortic valve closure during LVF pacing (P = 0.0268) and RVA pacing (P = 0.0197) as compared to BiV pacing.

Conclusions

Findings suggest that BiV pacing improves cardiac output and systolic performance versus RVA pacing. This improvement however, is not reflected in tissue Doppler indices of synchronization and systolic performance.     

放牧绵羊微量元素舔砖研制与饲用效果研究

[目的]探索放牧绵羊微量元素舔砖的制作工艺及饲用效果。[方法]以石粉、食盐、饲料级微量元素、膨润土和糖蜜等为原料研制放牧绵羊微量元素饲用舔砖,并研究所制舔砖对新疆细毛羊生产母羊和育成羊的饲用效果。[结果]添砖的最佳制作工艺为：微量元素预混料8％,石粉5％,食盐66％,膨润土9％,糖蜜12％,冲击压力50t,阴干时间9d;试验组育成羊体重、毛长、体高、体长分别增加6．12kg、0．96、4．90、6．99cm,而对照组（自由舔食食盐）分别增加1．60kg、0．36、3．73、5．46em;试验组生产母羊的羔羊初生体重、断奶育成羔羊数、羔羊成活率和母羊繁殖率分别为4．02±0．91k/只、64只、94．1％、128％,而对照组分别为3．81±0．86kg／只、54只、81．8％和108％。[结论]所研制舔砖对绵羊的饲用效果较理想。     

A NOVEL,REMOVABLE, CERROBEND,BEAM‐BLOCKING DEVICE FOR RADIATION THERAPY OF THE CANINE HEAD AND NECK: PILOT STUDY

Radiation therapy of the head and neck can result in mucositis and other acute affects in the oral cavity. This prospective pilot study evaluated a novel, intraoral, beam‐blocking device for use during imaging and therapeutic procedures. The beam‐blocking device was made from a metal alloy inserted into a coated frozen dessert mold (Popsicle® Mold, Cost Plus World Market, Oakland, CA). The device was designed so that it could be inserted into an outer shell, which in turn allowed it to be placed or removed depending on the need due to beam configuration. A Farmer type ionization chamber and virtual water phantom were used to assess effects of field size on transmission. Six large breed cadaver dogs, donated by the owner after death, were recruited for the study. Delivered dose at the dorsal and ventral surfaces of the device, with and without the alloy block in place, were measured using radiochromic film. It was determined that transmission was field size dependent with larger field sizes leading to decreased attenuation of the beam, likely secondary to scatter. The mean and median transmission on the ventral surface without the beam‐blocking device was 0.94 [range 0.94–0.96]. The mean and median transmission with the beam‐blocking device was 0.52 [range 0.50–0.57]. The mean and median increase in dose due to backscatter on the dorsal surface of the beam‐blocking device was 0.04 [range 0.02–0.04]. Findings indicated that this novel device can help attenuate radiation dose ventral to the block in dogs, with minimal backscatter.     

3因素随机裂区试验设计及其统计分析

提出一种新的3因素随机裂区试验设计,给出了自由度与平方和分解方案,以及固定模型、随机模型及2种混合模型的均方构成,同时提出了随机模型误差方差计算方法。     

Effect of intrafragmentary bupivacaine (haematoma block) on analgesic requirements in dogs undergoing fracture repair

Objective

To test the efficacy of intraoperative intrafragmentary administration of bupivacaine (haematoma block) in controlling postoperative pain in dogs undergoing osteosynthesis of long-bone isolated diaphyseal fractures.

温针灸联合局部封闭治疗桡骨茎突狭窄性腱鞘炎的临床研究

目的 观察温针灸联合局部封闭治疗桡骨茎突狭窄性腱鞘炎的临床疗效。方法 选取68例桡骨茎突狭窄性腱鞘炎患者随机分成观察组和对照组（每组各34例）,对照组给予单纯局部封闭治疗,观察组在对照组基础上给予温针灸治疗,观察两组患者治疗前后视觉模拟评分法（visual analog scale,VAS）、主要症状及体征评分,比较治疗后两组患者临床疗效。结果 治疗后,两组患者VAS评分和主症及体征评分总分均较本组治疗前有所降低,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05或P<0.01）,且观察组评分均低于对照组,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）;观察组总有效率高于对照组,两组比较差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。结论 温针灸联合局部封闭治疗桡骨茎突狭窄性腱鞘炎效果显著,且优于单纯局部封闭治疗,值得临床进一步研究推广。     

Clinical evaluation of the anaesthetic sparing effect of brachial plexus block in cats

ObjectiveTo evaluate the isoflurane sparing effect and the post-surgical analgesia provided by a brachial plexus block (BPB) in cats undergoing distal thoracic limb surgery.Study designProspective randomized blinded clinical study.AnimalsTwenty client-owned cats.MethodsCats were assigned to receive either no BPB (group NB) or a nerve stimulator guided BPB (group BPB) using lidocaine (3.6 mg kg^?1) and bupivacaine (1.2 mg kg^?1). Pre-medication consisted of midazolam and ketamine intravenously (IV). Anaesthesia was induced with propofol IV to effect and maintained with isoflurane delivered in oxygen and a continuous rate infusion of fentanyl (2 μg kg^?1 hour^?1). End-tidal isoflurane concentration (Fe′ISO) was adjusted every 3 minutes guided by changes in cardiorespiratory parameters and reflexes present, to maintain a stable depth of anaesthesia. Five time points were chosen to record all parameters and compare values between groups. Recovery and post-operative pain assessment were performed using a visual analogue scale (VAS) at 15 and 45 minutes after extubation and thereafter at hourly intervals until 5 hours after placement of the BPB.ResultsNo clinically significant differences were seen for heart rate, respiratory rate and non-invasive blood pressure between groups. Mean Fe′ISO was significantly lower in group BPB compared with group NB at all time points. In group NB, all intraoperative measurements of Fe′ISO were significantly higher compared with baseline (3 minutes before start of surgery) measurements. During recovery, VAS scores for group BPB were significantly lower than for group NB. Additional analgesics were needed in all cats within the study period.Conclusion and Clinical relevanceIn cats undergoing orthopaedic surgery of the thoracic limb, BPB reduced intra-operative isoflurane requirement and pain during the early post-operative period when compared with procedures without a BPB. BPB is a useful adjunct to anaesthesia in such cases.