Indices of soil nitrogen availability for an ecological site classification of British forests

An adequate supply of nitrogen (N) is essential for the successful establishment and sustainable productivity of forest stands. N deficits may necessitate the use of artificial fertilisers. Availability of N in the inorganic forms, and the relative abundance of the NO₃-N and NH₄-N components, influences the species composition of natural forest vegetation. Hence it is essential to use reliable measures of soil N supply that fully reflect its ecological significance. The new Ecological Site Classification (ESC) used in British forestry employs a multi-factorial definition of soil nutrient regime (SNR), including soil N. To develop this, a soil and vegetation study was made at 89 forest sites throughout Great Britain covering the major soil types used for forestry. “Total N” levels were compared with separate pre- and post-incubation measures of the two inorganic N components as potential indices of soil N supply. Multivariate statistical analysis showed that the major discriminant chemical variables for the sampled soils were pH, calcium and NO₃-N and that these were also the main variables influencing the species composition of the ground vegetation. Total N and NH₄-N were less effective discriminant variables for these sites. In some infertile soils the levels of NH₄-N or total N may be of greater importance, as NO₃-N is usually in very limited supply. A multivariate gradient of SNR, which incorporates the NO₃-N measures, has been adopted for use within the ESC system. The position of a site on this gradient can be estimated quantitatively from soil type, ground vegetation species composition and humus type. This enables soil N supply and overall SNR to be assessed in a simple but effective way that guides the operational management of British forest soils for sustainable productivity. It will also be possible to use these techniques to monitor the nutritional status of forest sites over time.     

丛生竹黄酮类化合物的分析研究及其在分类上的应用

本文分析了9属30种国产丛生竹中的黄酮类化合物,表明丛生竹中含有较丰富的黄酮成分,对丛生竹的分类有一定的应用价值;同时也表明丛生竹在黄酮成分上与散生竹及其它禾本科种类的区别与某些一致性。     

应用微机对TM图像进行森林资源分类的研究

遵义地区地形破碎,地貌很复杂,同谱异物、同物异谱现象较严重,地类界限不明显,而且只有一景单时相(质量7分)的TM数据,在微机上以计算机分类对遵义地区进行森林资源遥感图像分类。通过研究波段的选择、样地参数测算、图像的光谱特征、训练样地的选择和分类方法的选择,提出了可实际应用的技术方法,并全部由微机实现,得出了定量结果和分色图件。     

棕榈藤材缺陷和分级

文中论述了棕榈藤各种藤材存在的主要缺陷，并计论了藤材的分级标准和工业用藤的规范。棕榈藤材的缺陷包括基因缺陷、环境缺陷、生物缺陷和机械缺陷等。棕榈藤材的定级基于不同阶段，分级的基本依据是藤茎直径、长度、颜色、硬度、缺陷、节间长度以及直径全长均匀性等。工业用藤的规范涉及：表观特性、物理力学特性、机械加工特性和涂饰性等。统一的缺陷术语、贸易名称和标准规范是良好贸易的基准。     

森林经营与可持续发展战略的探讨

森林对改善生态环境、维护生态平衡、保护人类生存和发展起着决定性作用。国有重点林区担负着生态、社会、经济多种功能。由于国有林区长期依赖林木采伐的思想,使人们的经营理念受到限制,制定林区长期发展规划和发展战略将成为我省森工林区加强生态建设和森林资源林政管理系统建设中长期发展目标的指导性文件。     

对我国森林立地分类与评价问题的几点看法

本文首先回顾了国内一些学者近期有关森林立地分类和评价方面学术争论的要点,然后提出我国立地分类和评价应遵循的原则和方法,并着重论述在一个局部地区应如何抓住地形和土壤这两大因素在立地类型划分和评价中的重要性。     

河北绣线菊属植物研究

作者在编写《河北灌木志》绣线菊属时,对采于河北境内的本属植物标本进行了分类与分布研究。现知河北原产17种3变种,其中1新种,2河北新分布记录种,1河北新分布记录变种。编制了分种检索表;指出了相近种的区别点;简略记述了适生条件及分布区域。     

森林分类经营的指标体系和技术标准

在简述林业分类经营背景的基础上,提出了林业分类经营的原则,重点提出了商品林和公益林分类指标体系和技术标准,最后探讨了国有林场的分类经营。     

林木种子的发芽技术

依据林木种子的生理、形态特征、解剖结构 ,在通常采用的 6种发芽方法中 ,选择适合于种子特征 (形态、生理 )的发芽方法 ,经 10 0个树种、 30 0 0多个种批的发芽验证 ,总结了 4类种子的发芽要点、技术条件 ,给出了 10 0个树种发芽率的最高值 ,为绿化造林、苗木培育的种子发芽提供参考依据     

我国实施森林分类经营中存在的问题

森林分类经营是当前林业界的热点问题之一，国家林业局已将其作为总体推进林业发展的龙头工作和全面推进林业政策的“牛鼻子”工程，但在实施森林分类经营中还存在着一些问题。诸如：林业观念问题、两类林的划分问题、公益林生态效益补偿机制等问题，本文就以上这些问题予以初步探讨。