畅想非晶态金属在银饰材料上的应用及前景

本文浅析探析非晶态合金制备流程和其新的合金性能,并与金属银的性能进行对比,努力寻求突破口,期望将贵金属银应用于非晶态合金的制备中。从而改善银饰品的物理性能及化学性能,提高市场竞争力,为银饰品的发展前景作出大胆推测。     

金属材料强化机理的探讨

本文较全面地论述了金属材料的强化机理及其典型的实用技术,并指出了非晶态合金的强化机理和发展前景。     

非晶态Ni—Si—B系合金结构驰豫的电阻法研究

本文通过精密测定非晶态Ｎｉ－Ｓｉ－Ｂ系合金的电阻率在不同温度下等时退火后的变化，研究了该合金的结构驰豫过程，得到其电阻率变化随退火温度而作振荡性起伏的关系曲线，并利用作者提出的结构缺陷形成机制对该振荡性曲线作出了比较合理的微观机理解释。     

铁氧化物与土壤表面电荷性质的关系

The relationship between iron oxides and surface charge characteristics in variable charge soils (latosol and red earth) was studied in following three ways.(1)Remove free iron oxides (Fed) and amorphous iron oxides (Feo) from the soils with sodium dithionite and acid ammonium oxalate solution respectively.(2) Add 2% glucose (on the basis of air-dry soil weight) to soils and incubate under submerged condition to activate iron oxides,and then the mixtures are dehydrated and air-dried to age iron oxides.(3) Precipitate various crystalline forms of iron oxides onto kaolinite.The results showed that free iron oxides (Fed) were the chief carrier of variable positive charges.Of which crystalline iron oxides (Fed-Feo) presented mainly as discrete particles in the soils and could only play a role of the carrier of positive charges,and did little influence on negative charges.Whereas the amorphous iron oxides (Feo),which presented mainly fas a coating with a large specific surface area,not only had positive charges,but also blocked the negative charge sites in soils.Submerged incubation activated iron oxides in the soils,and increased the amount of amorphous iron oxides and the degree of activation of iron oxide,which resulted in the increase of positive and negative charges of soils.Dehydration and air-dry aged iron oxides in soils and decreased the amount of amorphous iron oxides and the degree of activation of iron oxide,and also led to the decrease of positive and negative charges.Both the submerged incubation and the dehydration and air-dry had no significant influence on net charges.Precipitation of iron oxides onto kaolinite markedly increased positive charges and decreased negative charges.Amorphous iron oxide having a larger surface area contributed more positive charge sites and blocked more negative charge sites in kaolinite than crystalline goethite.     

非晶态合金变压器的应用

我局修试所从2002年开始着手对变压器节能降损的研究．到2003年已经能够生产SH11型非品态合金变压器．导磁材料采用美国进口的非晶态合金片，其空载损耗与同容量的硅钢片铁心变压器相比降低60％～80％，节能效果显著。     

Fe-Co-P非晶态与晶态纳米线的磁性研究

[目的]研究双过渡金属-类金属的三元合金纳米线各成分的改变对磁学性质的影响。[方法]在氧化铝模板中用电化学沉积法制备2种体系的Fe-Co-P三元合金纳米线。[结果]用扫描电子显微镜和透射电子显微镜观测氧化铝模板和纳米线的形貌。选区电子衍射和X射线衍射结果表明,(Fe1-xCox)0.88P0.12纳米线为非晶结构,而(Fe1-xCox)0.92P0.08纳米线近似为晶态结构。用振动样品磁强计和穆斯堡尔谱仪研究了非晶态体系和晶态体系在室温下的宏观和微观磁性。随Co含量x的变化,每个体系磁参量的变化趋势基本相似,而当x相同时两体系的磁学性质又有所不同。[结论]纳米线中非晶体系的形状各向异性比晶态更明显,更适宜用于垂直磁记录中。     

安徽滁州何郢遗址的植硅体分析

某些高等植物,可从地下水中吸取可溶性二氧化硅,并将其沉淀于细胞内或细胞间,形成非晶态二氧化硅,这种非晶态二氧化硅通常称为植硅体。土壤中的植硅体组合缘自腐烂的植物残余,蕴含着该地区植被和环境的信息。如今,植硅体分析已广泛应用于考古研究中。     

退火对非晶态碲镉汞薄膜稳定态光电导的影响

利用射频磁控溅射方法,在宝石衬底上制备了非晶态碲镉汞(a-HgCdTe)薄膜。对原生a-HgCdTe薄膜进行了不同退火时间和不同退火温度的热退火,在80～300K温度范围内,分别测量了原生和退火处理后的a-HgCdTe薄膜样品的稳定态光电导,研究了退火时间和退火温度对非晶态HgCdTe薄膜的稳定态光电导和激活能的影响。结果表明,原生和退火a-HgCdTe薄膜的稳定态光电导具有热激活特性;随着退火时间增加或退火温度升高,a-HgCdTe薄膜的晶化程度提高,导致光电导增大,光电导激活能降低。利用非晶-多晶转变机制讨论了实验结果。