N-氨甲酰甘氨酸亚铁的合成及表征

以N-氨甲酰甘氨酸和七水合硫酸亚铁为原料合成了N-氨甲酰甘氨酸亚铁,并通过正交实验优化得到了最佳合成工艺条件.结果表明,当n(C3H6N2O3)∶n(FeSO4·7H2O)=2∶1时,以水为溶剂,维生素C(VC)为抗氧化剂,NaOH为pH调节剂,弱酸条件下60℃反应10 min,产品收率达到78.1%.     

憎水性红曲红色素的制备与表征

用乙酐处理醇溶性红曲红色素得到憎水性红曲红色素,其最大吸收波长为507和428nm.根据FTIR测定结果,推测在反应中可能发生酮与酸酐的缩合反应.反应后的红曲红色素可以溶于多种较低极性的溶剂,在pH7.5-12.0的碱性缓冲溶液中,具有较好的溶解性;在酸性和pH13.0缓冲溶液中,则出现浑浊.在加热过程中,添加Al3+和Fe3+的色素溶液稳定性较差,添加Sn2+的色素溶液比较稳定,而添加Mg2+和Ca2+后,色素溶液光密度略有上升.色素溶液光密度随光照时间的延长而呈近乎线性下降;在40、60和95℃水浴中加热,色素溶液光密度随加热时间的延长也呈近乎线性下降.     

憎水性红曲黄色素的制备与表征

用乙酐处理水溶性红曲黄色素,得到了憎水性红曲黄色素,其最大吸收波长为490nm．由FTIR测定结果推测,在反应中可能产生酮与酸酐的缩合反应．反应后的红曲黄色素可以溶于多种较低极性的溶剂．在加热过程中,添加Al^3 的色素溶液稳定性较差,添加Sn^2 或Mg^2 的色素溶液比较稳定,而添加Fe^3 或Ca^2 后,色素溶液光密度则略有上升,色素溶液光密度随光照或水浴加热时间延长而呈接近线性下降．     

充分灌溉条件下的烤烟灌溉定额及烤烟水分胁迫试验研究

采用蒸渗仪正交设计试验,研究了在充分灌溉条件下烤烟的灌溉定额和水分胁迫对烤烟各方面的影响.结果表明,在贵州修文地区烤烟整个生育期的灌溉定额为44 m2/667 m2,各生育期的分配比例团棵期∶旺长前期∶旺长后期∶成熟期为10∶10∶15∶5.旺长期达到轻度干旱要持续时间为15-17d,表征为下部2-3只叶片出现萎蔫;旺长期达到中度干旱要持续时间为24-26d,表征为下部4-6只叶片出现萎蔫.旺长前期的水分胁迫对烤烟的产量影响最大.     

戊唑醇硅酸钙纳米胶囊缓释剂的制备及其缓释性能研究

以正硅酸乙酯(TEOS)和氯化钙为壁材固化包裹戊唑醇,制备得到2.5%的戊唑醇硅酸钙纳米胶囊缓释剂.并利用扫描电镜、激光粒度分布仪、傅里叶红外色谱仪、高效液相色谱对其理化性能进行详细表征,并对其缓释性能进行了探讨.结果表明:该方法能够得到硅酸钙包裹的戊唑醇纳米胶囊缓释剂;胶囊形状为规则的球形,平均粒径为209.8nm,粒径分布窄,且呈正态分布,形态稳定;较高温度和pH碱性能够提升戊唑醇的缓释速率,壁材的增厚会降低戊唑醇的缓释速率.戊唑醇微胶囊的制备对提高戊唑醇的使用效率、降低残留、减少环境污染具有重要的意义.     

论壮族稻作文化的生境、表征与传承

壮族稻作文化是中华民族稻作文化的重要组成部分,其形成背景是“赞米亚”独特的自然与历史文化生境。壮族稻作有诸多文化表征,包括解析稻谷来源的神话叙事,展演水稻生产的各种民俗,总结稻作经验的壮语农谚以及以稻米为原材料的特色食品。壮族稻作文化既需要在横向上与非遗项目、网络、文娱活动等相结合,又需要在纵向上挖掘与新时代相契合的诸多内涵,使其更好传承。     

硒化坛紫菜多糖的制备、结构表征和活性研究

本文合成坛紫菜硒多糖并测定其含硒量,研究坛紫菜硒多糖的结构表征及抗氧化活性。将坛紫菜多糖与无机硒反应得到硒多糖,采用红外光谱鉴定硒多糖的结构,通过其清除超氧阴离子自由基、羟自由基和还原能力3方面来研究硒多糖的抗氧化活性。硒多糖中含硒量为4.5mg/g;硒多糖的特殊结构为硒氧双键;坛紫菜硒多糖具有清除超氧阴离子自由基和羟自由基的活性并具有一定的还原能力。结果表明:人工合成的硒多糖的含硒量高于自然硒多糖中的含量,并具有一定的抗氧化活性。     

Partial Characterization of Chitinolytic Extract from Endophytic Streptomyces sp. and Its Effects on the Boll Weevil

The present study achieves the biochemistry partial characterization of the chitinolytic extract produced by an endophytic Streptomyces sp. strain （A8）. This extract was also tested against Anthonomus grandis, the cotton boll weevil aiming its control. The chitinase crude extract from the A8 strain was cultured for five days in a minimum liquid media supplemented with chitin. The extract was partially characterized by standard methods. The chitinolytic extract had an optimum temperature of 66 ＂C and an optimum pH between 4 to 9 （around 80% of relative activity）. We also characterized the temperature and pH stability and measured the effects of enzyme inhibitors. The filtered chitinolytic extract was added to an artificial boll weevil diet. Boll weevil development from the egg stage to the adult stage was prolonged, and the percentage of adults that emerged was approximately 66% less than on control diet. This study showed that the.larval development of A. grandis was inhibited by the presence of characterized chitinolytic extract in artificial diet. This work provides an experimental basis for using the chitinase from an endophytic bacterium Streptomyces sp. as a biocontrol alternativeto controlling the plant pest A. grandis.     

Analysis on Outputs of Polysaccharide Characterization Research Papers Based on Web of ScienceTM

In order to know more about the overview of the global polysaccharide characterization research,we analyzed the outputs of polysaccharide characterization research articles based on Web of Science^TM database from 2008 to 2017.According to all the database of Web of Science^TM,"polysaccharide characterization" or "polysaccharide structure" as the title words of this paper were used to analyze the current situation and the trend of the research on polysaccharide characterization by bibliometrics methods,in terms of the output of papers,the countries/regions,scientific research institutions,journals,authors,citations and research direction.The results showed that the output of papers have been arised in the world.China was the leading country in the field of polysaccharide characterization.The published papers of the Russian Academy of Sciences toped the list.Chinese Academy of Sciences toped the list in domestic institutions.The authors who published the most amount of papers were from Russian Academy of Sciences.The journal of Britain’s "Carbohydrate Polymers" had the largest number of papers.The most cited paper was from University of Georgia.The direction of the research was mainly concentrated in biochemistry and molecular biology,chemistry and agriculture,and it embodied the highly interdisciplinary nature.There were homology on polysaccharide characterization analysis methods in different countries,compared with China,the United States,Russia and Britain are more cutting edge on the application of polysaccharide.     

催化加氢制备低氯漂白紫胶及其表征

制备和表征了在食品及制药业中广泛使用的天然低氯漂白紫胶.通过在次氯酸钠漂白改性后的紫胶碱性溶液中加入Ni-Fe二元金属催化剂,升温至90℃后,通入氢气,氢气流速为50mL/min,进行加氢离解反应240min,脱除漂白过程中加成到紫胶分子环状萜烯酸双键上的结合氯,从而获得低氯天然漂白紫胶.借助有机元素分析仪、红外光谱及紫外光谱表征了制备的产物结构,探索了催化加氢制备低氯漂白紫胶的反应机理.结果表明:制备的产物氯质量分数为0.44%,同催化加氢脱氯前的2.54%相比不到1/5;在催化加氢过程中主要发生取代反应,漂白过程中结合到紫胶分子上的氯被氢依次取代.