印楝素A和印楝素B生物活性比较

对印楝素A和印楝素B的生物活性进行了研究。在3μg/mL的剂量下处理后24 h,印楝素A和印楝素B对小菜蛾3龄幼虫的拒食率分别为85.3%和80.4%;在5μg/mL的剂量下处理后24 h,对棉铃虫3龄幼虫的拒食率分别为94.9%和80.2%。处理后72 h,印楝素A和印楝素B对斜纹夜蛾3龄幼虫的LC₅₀分别为1.0μg/mL和3.3μg/mL。印楝素A和印楝素B在3μg/mL的剂量下处理后72 h,小菜蛾3龄幼虫的死亡率分别为90.42%和84.11%;在5μg/mL的剂量下处理后72 h,棉铃虫3龄幼虫的死亡率分别为99.1%和100.0%;在0.5μg/mL的剂量下处理后72 h,斜纹夜蛾4龄幼虫体重降低率分别为57.5%和72.73%;在0.8μg/mL的剂量下处理后72 h,棉铃虫3龄幼虫体重降低率分别为84.1%和80.9%。     

两种拟青霉菌提取物对菜蚜的控制作用

浸叶法毒力测定结果表明,淡紫拟青霉(Paecilomyces lilacinus)菌株MCWA18和拟青霉(Paecilomycessp.)菌株X1甲醇萃取物对萝卜蚜无翅成蚜48 h后LC50分别为0.3435 mg/mL和0.8309 mg/mL。网室盆栽试验,菌株MCWA18和X1甲醇萃取物2.5 mg/mL处理7 d后对菜蚜的防治效果分别为92.24%和87.06%,田间小区试验处理后7 d,防治效果分别为81.82%和81.70%,相当于1.3%鱼藤氰乳油500倍的防效。     

矮生长豇豆的生育与产量形成

对春播和秋播矮生长豇豆的生长动态,叶面积形成与效能,结荚与豆荚产量形成特性等进行研究,结果表明,春播矮生长豇豆植株和各个器官的生长动态均呈Ｓ形曲线变化。秋播矮生长豇豆虽然无抽蔓期,但其生长动态与春播基本相同,而且植株生长和叶面积都较大,单株结荚稍多,但产量无明显差异。净同化率（ＮＡＲ）在营养生长过程较高,生殖生长过程较低。本文还讨论了矮生与蔓生长豇豆生育与产量形成的差异。     

黄胸蓟马对香蕉的危害及其防治

１９９６～１９９７年在香蕉花期调查结果表明,黄胸蓟马在广州地区香蕉园中普遍存在,香蕉花感虫率达１００％,平均每花苞感虫８２．８头。感虫数与花苞着生高度有关,以高度１２０～１４０ｃｍ的花苞感虫数最高,以后随高度的增加剧减。黄胸蓟马只危害稍开和已开的第１至第４苞片内花段,且虫口数由外向里递减。园中杂草有助于蓟马对香蕉花的危害,平均每花苞虫口数多杂草蕉园比管理精细的无杂草园多３．６倍。室内药效试验结果表明,毒死蜱、乐果、丁基克百威和灭多威对黄胸蓟马有很好的毒杀效果,氯氰菊酯和顺式氯氰菊酯效果不理想。     

Short-term water management at early filling stage improves early-season rice performance under high temperature stress in South China

Asymmetric warming and frequent temperature extremes are the consequences of climate change that are affecting crop growth and productivity over the globe while heat stress at early filling stage is of serious concern for the early-season rice in double cropping rice system of South China. In present study we assessed different short-term water management strategies to cope with the high temperature at early filling stage in rice. Water was applied as flood irrigation at two various depths i.e., 4–5 cm (I1) and 5–10 cm (I2) during 9:00–18:00 and then drained off at 18:00 as well as applied over-head during different time spans i.e., over-head sprinkle irrigation during 11:00–12:00, 13:00–14:00 and 14:00–15:00 at 60–80% relative humidity (RH) at early filling stage and regarded as S1, S2 and S3, respectively. A control was maintained with the maintenance of 1 cm water layer as normal farmer practice of this region. A fragrant rice cultivar, ‘Yuxiangyouzhan’ in early March (regarded as early season rice) in both 2014–15 and the effectiveness of different water management strategies were measured by estimating physio-biochemical responses, photosynthesis, yield and quality of rice exposed to high temperature stress at early filling stage. Our results showed that water treatments lowered lipid peroxidation (in terms of reduced malondialdehyde (MDA) contents) whilst proline and protein contents were affected differently. The water treatments also regulated the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), catalase (CAT), nevertheless, improved plant photosynthesis and gas exchange, rice yield and quality attributes considerably by lowering severity of canopy temperatures than control (CK). On average, both flood and sprinkler water application were proved effective against high temperature stress, nonetheless, flood irrigated treatments were remained more effective than sprinkler which provided 26.58 and 43.63% higher grain yields in 2014–15, respectively than CK. On average, 5.58 and 11.92% higher grain yields were recorded in flood irrigation than sprinkler irrigation whereas among individual water application treatments, I1 was noted as the most effective regarding grain yield of rice (26.76 and 49.35% higher yield than CK) in both years which suggests that maintenance of 4–5 cm water layer might be helpful for the rice to withstand against high temperature stress at post heading and/or early filling stage in early-season rice production in South China.     

高校教务信息网络传播初探

教学与教务管理工作是高校教育工作的一项重要内容,其中,教务信息对教务管理工作有相当的重要性。目前,网络传播已成为教务信息传播的主要方式之一。通过分析教务信息网络传播的现状,指出其传播特点。从传播媒介、传播者和传播环境3个方面提出了教务信息网络传播面临的一系列问题和对策,并且探讨了教务信息网络传播对于教学教务管理工作的重要意义。     

豇豆锈菌夏孢子接种条件的研究

对影响豇豆锈菌夏孢子萌发的基质、温度、光照及接种方法、接种物浓度、接种保湿时间和温度等条件进行了研究。结果表明，豇豆锈菌（Ｕｒｏｍｙｃｅｓｖｉｇｎａｅ）夏孢子在灭菌清水、蒸馏水、１％葡萄糖液、１％蔗糖液、豇豆叶煎煮液和豇豆叶表面均能萌发，结果没有明显差异；在无菌水中２５℃下，最易萌发且以半暗半光条件萌发最好；喷雾法接种效果稍优于浸蘸法，且操作更方便；在２６～２８℃下，发病程度与接种保湿时间呈正相关，以１８～２４ｈ（小时）为佳；接种孢子浓度以３．２４×１０５个·ｍＬ－１为宜，接种最适温度为２３～２６℃。     

几种大米新陈度检验方法的比较研究

对大米新陈度检验的几种不同方法进行了比较,主要针对大米陈化过程中的性质如pH值、脂肪酸含量等的改变对其新陈度进行鉴别.结果表明,酸度指示剂法Ⅰ是较为简便易行的大米新陈度检验方法.     

2TYB-450型水稻田间育秧播种机的设计

针对水稻田间育秧播种的要求，设计了同步驱动轮与机械振动排种相结合的2TYB 450型水稻田间育秧播种机，试验结果表明：以取秧面积为1.96 cm^2、3-7粒/取秧面积为合格时，播种合格率为66.2%，空穴率为3.8%；且排种稳定性较好，能够满足水稻田间育秧播种的农艺要求。     

番茄菌根化育苗及对青枯病的防治试验

以丛枝菌根真菌（Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi,AMF）单一菌剂Glomus versiforme(AM-1)和混合菌剂Glomus spp.(AM-2)分别对番茄进行菌根化育苗试验，分析不同基质和接种时期对菌根形成率的影响。结果表明，以果园土与蛭石体积比为3∶1的混合物为基质，菌根形成率最高；播种期和一叶期接种对菌根化效果的影响不显著，二叶期接种的菌根形成率显著降低。温室盆栽条件下，菌根化程度高的番茄苗具有较好的延缓青枯病发生的能力，但后期病情仍会加重。