Microbial remediation of a pentachloronitrobenzene-contaminated soil under Panax notoginseng: A field experiment

Pentachloronitrobenzene (PCNB) is an organochlorine fungicide that is mainly used in the prevention and control of diseases in crop seedlings. Microbial removal is used as a promising method for in-situ removal of many organic pesticides and pesticide residues. A short-term field experiment (1 year) was conducted to explore the potential role of a PCNB-degrading bacterial isolate, Cupriavidus sp. YNS-85, in the remediation of a PCNB-contaminated soil on which Panax notoginseng was grown. The following three treatments were used:i) control soil amended with wheat bran but without YNS-85, ii) soil with 0.15 kg m^-2 of solid bacterial inoculum (A), and iii) soil with 0.30 kg m^-2 of solid bacterial inoculum (B). The removal of soil PCNB during the microbial remediation was monitored using gas chromatography. Soil catalase and fluorescein diacetate (FDA) esterase activities were determined using spectrophotometry. In addition, cultivable bacteria, fungi, and actinomycetes were counted by plating serial dilutions, and the microbial biodiversity of the soil was analyzed using BIOLOG. After 1 year of in-situ remediation, the soil PCNB concentrations decreased significantly by 50.3% and 74.2% in treatments A and B, respectively, when compared with the uninoculated control. The soil catalase activity decreased in the presence of the bacterial isolate, the FDA esterase activity decreased in treatment A, but increased in treatment B. No significant changes in plant biomass, diversity of the soil microbial community, or physicochemical properties of the soil were observed between the control and inoculated groups (P<0.05). The results indicate that Cupriavidus sp. YNS-85 is a potential candidate for the remediation of PCNB-contaminated soils under P. notoginseng.     

Interaction of Cd-hyperaccumulator Solanum nigrum L. and functional endophyte Pseudomonas sp. Lk9 on soil heavy metals uptake

Bioaugmentation is a promising method for assisting phytoextraction of heavy metals from contaminated soil, and the development of bioaugmentation-assisted phytoextraction requires the understanding of the mechanism involved in the interaction between plants and inocula. In this study, a pot study was conducted to evaluate the effect of bacterial endophyte Pseudomonas sp. Lk9 which can produce biosurfactants, siderophores and organic acids on the growth and metal uptake of Cd-hyperaccumulator Solanum nigrum L. growing in multi-metal-contaminated soil. The results revealed that Lk9 inoculation could improve soil Fe and P mineral nutrition supplies, enhance soil heavy metal availability, and affect host-mediated low-molecular-weight organic acids secretion, thereby significantly increasing S. nigrum shoot dry biomass by 14% and the total of Cd by 46.6%, Zn by 16.4% and Cu by 16.0% accumulated in aerial parts, compared to those of non-inoculated control. The assessment of phytoextraction showed that Lk9 inoculation elevated the bioaccumulation factor of Cd (28.9%) and phytoextraction rates of all metals (17.4%, 48.6% and 104.6% for Cd, Zn and Cu, respectively), while the translocation factors had negligible difference between Lk9 inoculation (3.30, 0.50 and 0.40 for Cd, Zn and Cu, respectively) and non-inoculated control (2.95, 0.53 and 0.42 for Cd, Zn and Cu, respectively). It was also found that the symbiotic association between S. nigrum and Lk9 significantly increased the soil microbial biomass C by 39.2% and acid phosphatase activity by 28.6% compared to those in S. nigrum without Lk9. This study would provide a new insight into the bioaugmentation-assisted phytoextraction of heavy metal-contaminated soils.     

人工鱼礁区不同网目尺寸单片刺网对许氏平鲉和大泷六线鱼的选择性

为探究人工鱼礁区单片刺网对许氏平鲉(Sebastes schlegeli)和大泷六线鱼(Hexagrammos otakii)的选择性, 于 2021 年 10 月在荣成北部人工鱼礁区使用 4 种网目尺寸(40 mm、50 mm、60 mm、70 mm)的单片刺网进行选择性实验。在 SELECT 模型的架构下, 使用 Normal、Lognormal、Gamma、Bi-normal 模型进行选择性拟合, 根据赤池信息指数(AIC)和模型残差(MD)选择最佳拟合模型。结果表明: Lognormal 模型拟合效果最佳, 其 AIC 值和 MD 值均为最低值。根据 Lognormal 模型, 不同网目尺寸许氏平鲉的模型拟合长度分别为 114.23 mm、142.79 mm、 171.35 mm、199.90 mm; 大泷六线鱼的模型拟合长度分别为 129.67 mm、162.09 mm、194.51 mm、226.92 mm。许氏平鲉和大泷六线鱼的体长与最大剖面周长的线性关系分别为: G=0.2877L+0.7463(R² =0.6722), G=0.2468L– 3.8531(R² =0.6851)。选取 150 mm 作为许氏平鲉和大泷六线鱼的理论成熟体长(MBL)进行分析, 结合幼鱼留存比例, 发现网目尺寸为 60 mm 和 70 mm 的刺网能够保护人工鱼礁区许氏平鲉和大泷六线鱼的幼鱼资源。研究结果可为人工鱼礁区渔业资源的管理和养护提供参考。     

扇贝新品系“紫海墨”F4的生长特征和生产性能分析

为考察扇贝新品系"紫海墨"的生产性能,为新品系选育效果提供依据,在同一海域养殖、相同管理模式和相同养殖周期下,对新品系"紫海墨"F4与墨西哥湾扇贝(Argopecten irradians concentricus)养殖群体的壳长、壳高、壳宽、体质量、闭壳肌质量和壳质量等7个性状及各阶段成活率进行生长特征和生产性能分析。结果表明,新品系"紫海墨"F4从10月13日养殖至翌年4月28日,壳长从1~1.5 mm长至50~60 mm的成品时,累积成活率为51.32%,显著大于墨西哥湾扇贝的29.18%(P<0.01);养殖周期内,两个养殖群体同一时期的壳长、壳高、壳宽和体质量也有极显著差异(P<0.01),新品系"紫海墨"F₄的生长速度高于墨西哥湾扇贝;经过6.5个月的养殖,新品系"紫海墨"F₄的壳长、壳高、壳宽、体质量和闭壳肌质量分别比墨西哥湾扇贝提高了19.50%、19.84%、16.23%、56.30%和20.20%。     

莱州湾渔业水域生态环境质量分析与综合评价研究

应用多项指数综合评价公式、生物多样性指数综合评价公式和主成分分析方法对莱州湾2002年5月和8月生态环境质量进行了综合评价。结果表明,水质环境和生物环境处于良好水平;表层沉积环境处于污染水平,有的站达到严重污染水平,其中重金属镉的贡献率最大。     

纯氧充气对大菱鲆生长及水质指标的影响

主要研究了纯氧增氧技术对大菱鲆的生长及养殖水体中几项重要水质因子的影响。本实验中,实验池中的溶氧最低能维持在8.96±0.16mg/L,最高时可达到12.2±0.71mg/L。经过282d的培养,大菱鲆体重由30.43±0.42g达到1103.73±19.00g,日增重率平均为1.24±0.14%,整个实验期间大菱鲆均处于快速生长状态。至实验结束时,养殖密度最终达到33.99±0.59kg/m3。养殖水体中,pH变化范围在7.62～8.03之间,平均pH为7.76±0.05。COD变化范围在0.75～1.85mg/L,平均COD为1.04±0.16mg/L。亚硝酸盐浓度1.27～7.23μg/L之间,平均浓度在3.23±0.21μg/L。氨氮浓度一般维持在0.07～0.28mg/L,平均浓度为0.14±0.02mg/L。硝酸盐浓度在0.39～0.69mg/L之间,平均浓度为0.51±0.02mg/L。COD、pH、亚硝酸盐浓度很低,均在渔业水质标准所规定的范围以内。     

山东省牛场粪污处理现状的调研报告

介绍山东省牛场粪污处理现状,分析养牛业粪污处理中存在的问题,并提出了解决山东省养牛业粪污处理的建议.     

高良姜提取物对PC12细胞的神经保护作用

通过建立H2O2介导的PC12细胞损伤模型;采用MTT法检测细胞存活率,利用荧光显微镜观察细胞形态;检测细胞中乳酸脱氢酶漏出率,丙二醛(MDA)含量,超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GGSH-Px)活性,评价高良姜提取物对H2O2介导的PC12细胞损伤的保护作用。结果表明,高良姜提取物能明显降低细胞内乳酸脱氢酶漏出率,降低细胞内MDA含量,提高SOD和GGSH-Px的活性,且具有浓度依赖性,由此推断,高良姜提取物对H2O2介导的PC12细胞损伤有明显保护作用。     

RASSF1A expression mediated by lentivirus inhibits growth of small-cell lung cancer cell line H446

AIM：To explore the inhibitory effect of Ras-association domain family 1A (RASSF1A) on the small-cell lung cancer cell growth. METHODS：The lentiviral expression vector containing RASSF1A gene was constructed and used to infect the small-cell lung cell line H446. The growth curve and cell cycle were detected by MTT assay and flow cytometry. The mRNA and protein levels of cell cycle-associated proteins were determined by real-time PCR and Western blotting. RESULTS：We obtained the H446 cells in which RASSF1A was stably expressed (named RASSF1A-H446). Compared with normal cell group and negative cell group, RASSF1A inhibited the proliferation of H446 cells, and arrested H446 cells in G1 phase. The expression of p21 and p27 was significantly increased, and E2F1 was significantly decreased in RASSF1A-H446 cells. CONCLUSION：RASSF1A inhibits the H446 cell growth by increasing the expressions of p21 and p27, and decreasing the expression of E2F1.     

烟台苹果文化寻根

回望一个半世纪烟台苹果的前行脚步,艰难过、辉煌过、迟疑过、跨越过。深浅不一的脚印,串连起延绵不断的文化珍珠。