非洲橘硬蓟马的检疫特征与风险分析

本文通过对非洲橘硬蓟马的形态特征进行介绍,运用有害生物风险分析的方法,从国内分布状况、潜在危害性、寄主植物经济重要性、传播扩散的可能性以及风险管理难度等方面,综合评价了非洲橘硬蓟马的危险性,提出相关的风险性管理对策。以期为非洲橘硬蓟马的检疫鉴定以及制定相关的监测及检疫决策提供科学依据。     

烟叶成熟过程相关基因变化及其叶绿素降解

烤烟叶片成熟过程与衰老是烟草发育的重要阶段,是一个复杂和高度调控的过程,涉及衰老相关基因的调控表达和叶绿体的分解,也是烟草质量和品质形成的关键时期,因此其成为烟草生产和研究的重要时段。介绍了烟叶衰老过程相关基因的表达变化和叶绿素分解的过程,为从分子水平定义烟叶的成熟度提供理论依据。     

宽叶短梗南蛇藤的三萜类化学成分的研究

利用硅胶和凝胶色谱Sephadex LH-20柱层析技术从宽叶短梗南蛇藤中分离得到了9个三萜类化合物,经核磁共振、质谱等检测方法鉴定为β-香树脂醇、齐墩果酸、12-齐墩果烯-3-酮、12-齐墩果烯-3β,11β-二醇、羽扇豆醇;20(29)-羽扇豆烯-3-酮、20(30)-羽扇豆烯-3β,29-二醇、29-羟基-20(30)-羽扇豆烯-3-酮、羽扇豆醇棕榈酸酯。     

Bioavailability of dissolved organic carbon across a hillslope chronosequence in the Kuparuk River region,Alaska

Dissolved organic matter (DOM) represents an important component of carbon and nutrient cycling in arctic ecosystems. In northern Alaska, DOM production and microbial activity differ among landscapes with varied glaciation histories with lower rates on younger landscapes. In addition, within the region, soil DOM concentrations vary at the scale of hillslope toposequences, with higher concentrations in upslope than streamside positions. However, it is unknown whether variation in DOM production quality among and within landscapes linked to patterns in DOM quality. To answer this question, we conducted a study of DOM biodegradability within and among hillslopes of different landscape age. We examined rates of DOM decomposition and several indices of the quality of water-extracted DOM collected from soils in the summer. A variety of methods indicated that DOM quality generally was consistent across hillslope positions and among landscape ages. For example, DOM fluorescence index, an index of quality for chromophoric DOM, did not vary significantly across all hillslope positions or landscape ages. There were no significant differences among landscape ages or hillslope positions in DOM specific UV absorbance, in rates of DOM mineralization, or in DOM decomposition, indicating that DOM quality was consistent regardless of its source or position along hillslope flow paths. This suggests that despite many potential sources of variation within and among arctic hillslopes linked to differences in vegetation, hydrology, microclimate, and microbial activity, there is little variation in growing-season soil DOM quality. Microbial processing of DOM within arctic hillslopes may lead to a convergence in growing season DOM quality resulting in little spatial variation. Approximately 10–20% of the growing season DOM is labile in tundra soils, slightly higher that the proportion that is labile in arctic rivers during the summer.     

Discussion on Calculation Pattern of Concrete Filled Steel Tube with Dumbbell shaped Section

Based on the structural feature of dumbbell shaped section of concrete filled steel tube (CFST), a combined spatial beam element is presented. In this structure, two steel tubes, two core concretes, one web and the concrete in web cavity are firstly considered as general spatial beam elements, then they are assembled into a spatial combined beam element according to the plane hypothesis and transformation matrix formed from master and slave nodes. A FORTRAN program for CFST arch with dumbbell shaped section has been developed, and the numerical example shows that the steel tubes and core concretes bear mainly the axial forces with small moments, thus, a modified formula for lattice column method to calculate axial forces of the upper and lower limbs of CFST with dumbbell shaped section is deduced. Comparison of the results from the modified formula with those from an example indicates that the modified formula gives relatively accurate results.      

农户宅基地流转意愿影响因素定量研究

为探讨农户宅基地流转意愿的影响因素,促进宅基地流转,缓解耕地保护与经济发展建设用地巨大需求矛盾。采用问卷调查与定量分析相结合方法,以贫困县湖北省罗田县为例进行了研究。结果表明,户主文化程度对宅基地流转影响最大,且为正向影响;家庭非农人口比例、房屋使用年限、家庭拥有房屋数量、距县城中心距离、宅基地距主干道距离等也是其显著影响因素。最后提出应通过提升农民素质、建立合理的流转收益收取、分配和管理机制以及完善社会保障制度等促进宅基地的合理流转。     

山地丘陵耕地土壤养分最优插值方法研究——以江西省渝水区水北镇为例

以江西省渝水区水北镇为研究区,利用823个采样点的耕地土壤养分数据,分析区内耕地土壤养分含量与海拔、坡度的相关性,采用协同克里格插值方法,结合海拔、坡度进行插值,并把经交叉检验后的结果与逆距离权重法、普通克里格法的结果进行比较.结果表明,结合海拔、坡度进行插值后,精度有明显提高.插值精度排序为协同克里格法>普通克里格法...     

布鲁菌外膜蛋白及毒力因子研究进展

布鲁菌细胞膜的基本结构包括脂多糖和外膜蛋白,与细菌的毒力及免疫原性相关。文章描述了布鲁菌外膜蛋白分子结构的最新进展。该菌的外膜蛋白由第一组、第二组和第三组外膜蛋白构成。第一组外膜蛋白对维持布鲁菌外膜蛋白的结构起重要作用;第二组包括36 ku~38 ku外膜蛋白,为膜孔蛋白,由Omp2a和Omp2b基因编码,其中38 ku蛋白基因可能是一个与毒力相关的基因;第三组外膜蛋白包括31 ku和25 ku两个相关的蛋白,具有重要的免疫功能。31 ku蛋白属膜孔蛋白,25 ku蛋白还与毒力有关。文章也介绍了布鲁菌毒力因子研究的最新进展。     

南昌市大气污染因子浓度变化规律研究

指出了SO2、NO2、PM10和O3是大气的主要污染因子，大气中的SO2和NO2是形成酸雨的污染物质，PM10和O3浓度过高会对人体健康产生危害。针对大气中SO2、NO2、PM10和O3等污染因子的浓度变化规律，分析了2011年8月至12月南昌市空气质量的变化规律，探讨了其市区大气环境质量现状，大气污染特征及变化趋势。     

南昌市13个湖泊的鱼类群落结构及其物种多样性特征

为了解南昌市面积1 km2以上湖泊的鱼类群落结构及其物种多样性特征,探究影响湖泊鱼类群落结构空间分布的环境因子,于2019-2020年在南昌市13个湖泊进行了鱼类资源调查。结果显示,采集到的39种鱼类隶属5目、9科、33属;优势种以鲫（Carassius auratus）、?（Hemiculter leucisclus）为主;不同湖泊的鱼类群落结构被划分为3个类群,与湖泊功能定位密切相关。鱼类Shannon-Wiener多样性指数值平均值为2.15,丰富度指数平均值为2.97,均匀度指数平均值为0.92,Shannon-Wiener多样性指数、丰富度指数与湖泊面积、水深、pH和透明度存在显著的相关性。冗余分析（RDA）表明,水深、pH、总氮和氨氮是引起鱼类群落结构在南昌市不同湖泊间差异的主要影响因子,人为活动干扰可能对调查区域内湖泊的鱼类群落结构和生物多样性特征施加影响。