Frequency of pancreatic amyloid deposition in cats from south-eastern Queensland

Summary Stereological procedures were used to estimate the amount of amyloid deposition in the pancreatic islets of 83 cats from random sources in south-eastern Queensland. Most had only minor deposits of less than 20% of islet volume (median 9%), but deposits equal to more than 50% of the islet volume were found in 10% of the cats. Amyloid deposition in pancreatic islets was correlated with the age of the cat. Although similar observations have been made previously in cats from the USA, the frequency of amyloid deposition was higher in this population of cats from south-eastern Queensland.     

Novel polymorphism of the canine dopamine receptor D4 gene intron II region

Various dog breeds are remarkably different from each other not only in their sizes and shapes but also in behavioral traits, suggesting that some of these characteristics are under genetic control. However, little is known about genes related to behavioral traits in canine species. In humans, it has been reported that the dopamine receptor D4 gene (DRD4) includes polymorphism at several regions that relate to personality or psychiatric disorders. In an earlier study by the authors of the present study, the polymorphisms in canine DRD4 exon III and exon I regions were reported. In the present study, a novel polymorphism in canine DRD4 intron II was found based on a 17 base pair insertion/deletion, and the two alleles detected were named P (shorter allele) and Q (longer allele). The allelic distribution in 28 breeds of dog, including a total of 1114 unrelated individuals, were then investigated. Both P and Q alleles were detected in most of the breeds investigated; however, the frequencies of P and Q differed greatly between breeds. With respect to classification based on breed origin, P and Q alleles were frequent in Occidental and Oriental breeds, respectively. Furthermore, two subspecies of wolves, the ancestors of dogs, were analyzed for the comparison of allele frequencies with dogs, and the P allele was predominant in both European and Chinese wolves.     

新疆天然甜型葡萄酒原料种植区划研究

运用层次分析法和模糊数学综合评判方法,根据石河子、昌吉、吐鲁番等8个地区的无霜期、温度、积温和降水因素,建立了数学模型,并对新疆天然甜型葡萄酒原料种植区域进行了区划研究.结果表明:吐鲁番的综合评价最高,其次为和田,评价值分别为0.97和0.91,属非常适宜种植区;哈密和喀什的评价值分别为0.81和0.87,属适宜种植区;库尔勒的为0.71,属次适宜种植区,而石河子、昌吉和霍城的评价值均小于0.59,属不适宜种植区.     

乳酸菌添加剂对禾本科混合牧草青贮发酵特性的影响

选用分离于青贮原料牧草天然附着的植物乳杆菌（Lactobacillus plantarum）和蒙氏肠球菌（Enterococcusmundtii）作为添加剂,进行披碱草和老芒麦混合牧草青贮发酵特性的研究。试验分4个处理：球菌组（Em）、杆菌组（Lp）、球菌＋杆菌组（EL）、对照组（Con,不添加）。实验室常温发酵。试验期60 d。结果表明：（1）与Con组相比,Em、Lp以及EL组均明显降低青贮pH（P〈0.05）。（2）Em与Lp以及EL组都明显增加乳酸含量（P〈0.05）,以及乳酸与乙酸的比值,其中EL组增加效果最显著（P〈0.05）;此外3个添加组丙酸及丁酸的含量明显下降（P〈0.05）。（3）EL组显著降低青贮中NH3-N含量（P〈0.05）,Em、Lp组也有降低的趋势,但未达显著水平（P〉0.05）。（4）添加乳酸菌可以降低青贮DM的损失量,与对照组相比Em、Lp以及EL组DM的损失量分别降低了38.4%、43.4%、23.4%。综上所述添加乳酸菌可以改善试验牧草青贮发酵品质,球菌＋杆菌组（EL组）对试验牧草青贮品质改善效果最优。     

Effectiveness of controlled internal drug release device treatment to alleviate reproductive seasonality in anestrus lactating or dry Barki and Rahmani ewes during non‐breeding season

This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of hormonal treatments on ovarian activity and reproductive performance in Barki and Rahmani ewes during non‐breeding season. Forty‐eight multiparous ewes, 24 Barki and 24 Rahmani ewes were divided into two groups, 12 lactating and 12 dry ewes for each breed. Controlled internal drug release (CIDR) device was inserted in all ewes for 14 days in conjunction with intramuscular 500 IU equine chronic gonadotrophin (eCG) at day of CIDR removal. Data were analysed using PROC MIXED of SAS for repeated measures. Breed, physiological status and days were used as fixed effects and individual ewes as random effects. Barki ewes recorded higher (p < .05) total number of follicles, number of large follicles, serum estradiol concentration and estradiol: progesterone (E₂:P₄) ratio compared to Rahmani ewes. Lactating ewes recorded higher (p < .05) number of small follicles and lower concentration of total antioxidant capacity (TAC) compared to dry ewes. Number and diameter of large follicles recorded the highest (p < .05) values accompanied with disappearance of corpora lutea at day of mating. Serum progesterone concentration recorded lower (p < .05) value at day of mating and the highest (p < .05) value at day 35 after mating. CIDR‐eCG protocol induced 100% oestrous behaviour in both breeds, but Rahmani ewes recorded longer (p < .05) oestrous duration compared to Barki. Conception failure was higher (p < .05) in Barki compared to Rahmani ewes. In conclusion, CIDR‐eCG protocol was more potent in improving ovarian activity in Barki compared to Rahmani ewes, but this protocol seems to induce hormonal imbalance in Barki ewes that resulted in increasing conception failure compared to Rahmani ewes.     

辣椒新品种华美105的选育

华美105是以自交系HA015为母本,以抗CMV的株系LR002为父本杂交育成的螺丝形羊角椒。早熟,从定植到始收45 d(天)左右,首花节位在第9～10节。植株健壮,生长势强,叶片小,节间短,耐低温弱光。连续坐果能力强,单株结果 25～30个,单果质量80～120 g,产量稳定在8 500 kg·(667 m~2)~(-1)以上。青熟果深渌色,老熟果红色,辣味中等,肉质脆嫩,市场接受度高。田间对CMV和疫病的抗性强于对照陇椒3号。适合北方早春、秋延后、越冬设施及南方露地栽培。     

寒冷干旱地区日光温室结构的优化设计

应用ANSYS有限元软件对寒冷干旱的呼和浩特地区常用的节能型日光温室结构进行了三维分析,研究了日光温室在作物载荷与雪载,南风载荷和北风载荷三种不利载荷组合情况下的受力,然后对日光温室的前、后屋面角、弦杆弧度和结构杆件的截面尺寸进行了优化设计.优化后的温室结构与优化前相比可节省用钢量约1.43kg/m2;温室的全部结构杆件均采用标准钢材确定,利于采购和日光温室的建造;前、后屋面角经优化后对温室内部采光也较有利.     

不同时期滴灌氮量对冀西北坝上地区洋葱产量和品质的影响

以洋葱品种"红贝特"为试材,设4个施氮水平处理N0、N1、N_2、N3,以CK为对照,测定了膜下滴灌洋葱的植株性状、鳞茎性状、品质和产量等指标,以探讨冀西北坝上地区地膜覆盖洋葱适宜的滴灌氮量,给当地洋葱施肥提供合理施肥依据。结果表明:处理N1的植株性状、鳞茎性状均显著高于CK,产量较CK提高12.26%;处理N1可溶性蛋白质、可溶性固形物、可溶性糖和维生素C含量较CK分别增加27.13%、8.16%、19.15%和60.71%,而硝酸盐含量CK较N1提高85.67%;在该试验条件下,洋葱获得最佳效益时的氮肥施用量和时期分别为苗期追N 31.5kg·hm~(-2),茎叶生长期追N 47.25kg·hm~(-2),鳞茎膨大初期追N 47.25kg·hm~(-2),鳞茎膨大中期追N 31.5kg·hm~(-2),并在整个生长时期配施P_2O_575kg·hm~(-2),配施K_2O 255kg·hm~(-2)。     

单宁和聚乙二醇对绵羊和山羊瘤胃纤维降解菌数量的影响

本文旨在研究饲粮中添加不同水平的单宁和高单宁饲粮条件下添加聚乙二醇( PEG )对绵羊和山羊瘤胃纤维降解菌数量的影响。试验选用1.5岁、体重约45 kg、安装永久性瘤胃瘘管的绵羊和绒山羊各4只,采用自身对照试验设计,分4期进行。第1期饲喂基础饲粮(Ⅰ组),第2期在基础饲粮中添加2%的单宁(Ⅱ组),第3期在基础饲粮中添加6%的单宁(Ⅲ组),第4期在基础饲粮中添加6%单宁+12% PEG(Ⅳ组)。每期试验30 d,其中预试期12 d,正试期18 d。每个正试期第1天,采集绵羊和山羊瘤胃内容物,测定瘤胃液pH、氨态氮( NH3-N)和菌体蛋白( MCP)浓度;运用实时定量PCR技术对固相、液相及全食糜中所附着的白色瘤胃球菌、黄色瘤胃球菌、产琥珀酸拟杆菌进行定量检测。结果表明：1)与Ⅰ组相比,添加6%单宁显著降低了山羊瘤胃液NH3-N浓度和绵羊瘤胃液MCP浓度( P<0.05)。添加6%单宁+12% PEG后,这2个指标恢复至与Ⅰ组相当的水平。2)与Ⅰ组相比,添加6%单宁显著降低了绵羊和山羊瘤胃固相、绵羊瘤胃液相白色瘤胃球菌数量( P<0.05);添加2%和6%单宁显著降低了绵羊和山羊固相黄色瘤胃球菌数量( P<0.05),添加6%单宁显著降低了绵羊和山羊瘤胃液相黄色瘤胃球菌数量( P<0.05);添加6%单宁显著降低了绵羊和山羊瘤胃固相、绵羊全食糜产琥珀酸拟杆菌数量( P<0.05)。添加6%单宁+12% PEG后,绵羊和山羊瘤胃这3株纤维降解菌数量恢复至Ⅰ组水平或高于Ⅰ组。由此可见,饲粮单宁添加量达到6%时降低了瘤胃液NH3-N的浓度,影响MCP的合成,抑制瘤胃固相纤维降解菌的增殖;添加PEG可以削弱单宁对瘤胃纤维降解菌生长的负面影响,促进瘤胃发酵。