放牧和模拟降水对短花针茅荒漠草原植物功能群多样性的影响

为探究放牧和降水变化对植物功能群的影响,本文以内蒙古短花针茅(Stipa breviflora)荒漠草原为研究对象,开展了野外控制试验。试验设置围封和适度放牧,分别进行模拟降水处理(减少降水量50%、自然降水、增加降水量50%、增加降水量100%),并在每年8月观测植物群落组成。结果表明：减水会降低植物功能群多样性、生物量和物种数量,增水有利于植物功能群多样性的提高。多年生丛生禾草多样性随降水量的增加而升高。同时,对降水梯度和功能群多样性进行拟合分析发现,降水量低于年降水量16%则不利于除灌木、半灌木外其他功能群植物的生长。围封草地增水67%～79%时,功能群的Simpson指数、Shannon-Wiener指数、Pielou指数值均较高,功能群多样性较高;由于放牧提高了植物的水分利用效率,放牧地各指数在增水26%～50%时较高,功能群多样性较高。综上,适度的放牧及水分补充有利于提高植物功能群多样性。     

甘蓝型油菜雌性不育突变体FS1花器官形态结构研究

植物界中雌性不育现象普遍存在，迄今已在小麦、水稻、苎麻、油松、桔柑等作物中发现了雌性不育突变体^[1~5]，并对雌性不育的机理、遗传、应用进行了研究^[6~11]。1996年我们在油菜育种圃甘蓝型黄籽油菜宁油10号株系中发现了3株异常株，每株只结几个角果，角果肥大且角粒数只有1~5个，后来研究证实为雌性不育突变体，定名为FS1。雌性不育系作父本与母本混播，应用于杂交油菜制种可缩小父、母本间传粉距离，增加母本播种量，从而提高制种产量和纯度。初步研究表明，FS1天然授粉、套袋自交、剥蕾自交结角率为3%左右，平均每角粒数为1.30-2.07粒，其雌性不育性可以遗传，花粉育性正常，体细胞染色体数正常，为2n=38，花粉母细胞减数分裂正常（有关研究另文报道）。为了解甘蓝型油菜雌性不育突变体FS1的雌性不育机制，本文从形态结构方面做了初步研究。     

Existence of an Arbitrage about Portfolio in an Unequilibrium Market

This article has discussed the problem of an arbitrage about an portfolio in an unequilimarket and got a determinable theorem about existence of an arbitrage about an portfolio. According to this theorem,an arbitrage about portfolio is not existing if there exists a respect martignal measure.A structural result about existence of arbitrage about an portfolio in a market is gotten. All results represent the existence of an arbitrage about an portfolio is related closely to the type of market.     

Advances in Pharmacological Studies of Coptis Chinesis

A Coptis Chinesis is the dry rhizoma of ranunculaceous Coptis Chinesis Franch or Coptis deltoidea C. 7. Cheng et Hisao, or Coptis teeta Wall. It is the traditional Chinese herb, which is used in the contagious diseases. In recent years, its new pharmacological actions have been reported, which are antitumour, hypoglycemic response, immunoloregulation, improving the functions of cardiovascular. The important pharmacological functions of Coptis Chinesis are hypoglycemic response, improving the functions of cardiovascular, antitumour. With the deeply researching of Coptis Chinesis pharmacology, and the continuous founding of pharmacological mechanism, new preparation will be widely applied in the clinic.     

Conditional Value-at-Risk and Its Use in Credit Risk Measurement of Banks

Credit risk, the major risk of bank, is more and more intense during the period of economic restructuring in China. In view of the flaw of present risk measurement system, Conditional Value-at-Risk is used for the credit risk measurement which is better than Value-at-Risk. This paper creates the model ,while gives the method and procedure for solving it. So CVaRof credit combination is produced, which is just the early warning value of credit risk. At last, it is concluded that the CVaRrisk measurement is too difficult to use widely at present in china, then some advice is provided.     

Tentative Research About the Macroscopic Regulating to Blast

The paper analyzes the difference of the pathogenic varieties and the relationship of the variety composition,allording to the historic material to the varieties of the main hybid fece varieties in Southeast Sichuan during 1992 to 1998.It's the first time to advance to use the camparison on rate of pathogenic isolates between norm and refrieving to define the susceptible extent of the varity.It's an scientific base to adjust the structures of the vartieties,to reach the objective of the macroscopic regulating to rice blast.     

Influence of HVDC System on the Shaft of Hydro-generator Unit

Widely concerns of the influence of the HVDC system on the Three Gorges power station have been shown so far. Based on the understanding of the mechanism of the non-characteristic harmonics introduced by HVDC system, the influence of interharmonics on the shaft of hydro-generator unit is studied. A MATLAB simulation model for the Three Gorges hybrid AC and DC transmission system with considering the effect of generator-unit shaft is established. Through time-domain simulation, the influence of the minor-associated component of interharmonics on the generator-unit shaft is analyzed, which arise from the asynchronous operation of the HVDC system. Also, the complex torque coefficient method in frequency-domain is used to analyze this problem. Same conclusions can be drawn from the results of timedomain and frequency-domain analyses.     

Revelation Game of the Private Information Under Asymmetric Information

Because of the existence of the private information, the informed trader can make excess payoffs by using the information advantages. And also the informed trader can choose the trade strategies to attain the up most excess payoffs. However, he may lose his information advantages. This paper analyzes the conditions when the informed trader can make use of the private information and its optimal times underlying the framework of the strategic market game.     

Incentive Mechanism for Team Cooperation Based on Implicit Side Contract

Aiming at the free-riding problem in team incentive, this paper designs a dynamic incentive mechanism based on implicit side contract with dynamic game theory by introducing the reasonable assumption that there is horizontal monitor in team production. The theoretic analysis indicates that the dynamic incentive mechanism, in which a strict group incentive compatibility contract is taken at the first stage and an individual incentive compatibility contract is taken at the second stage, can implement team cooperation uniquely in the general condition of risk aversion and stochastic production by only two stage repeated game.