民族旅游地民居客栈经营的关键因素研究——以世界遗产地丽江古城为例

旅游体验满意是衡量旅游者忠诚与重顾的关键因素。旅游者对以世界文化遗产地丽江古城的民居客栈体验的网络评价，主要涉及了“家”、整洁、舒适、环境、房间陈设、位置等六个方面，这些都是影响民居客栈成功经营的关键因素。但是就旅游者体验来说，这些因素明显缺乏了地方文化的展现与创新。基于此，文章从酒店化与专业化、家庭化与生活化、文化化与乡野化的视域上重新设计了民居客栈经营发展的创新模式，凸显出民居客栈产品与酒店产品的差异性，创建一种独具地方特色的民居品牌，助推民居经营的永续发展。     

离子阱液质联用仪应用于植物叶片游离氨基酸快速分析方法的建立

建立一种液相色谱-离子阱串联质谱(LC-MS-MS)同时分析植物组织中23种游离氨基酸的方法。植物样品经盐酸-乙醇法一步提取后直接进样,无需进行衍生和固相萃取等其他前处理步骤。液相色谱采用Intertsil OSD-4C18(250mm×3.0mm)色谱柱,采用甲醇-甲酸体系进行洗脱,对23种氨基酸获得比较理想的分离效果。结果表明,该方法通用性良好、样品制备简单(一步提取,无需衍生)、灵敏度高、检出范围宽、高效快速,可以在30min内完成整个分析过程。     

处理主干和主枝对光皮树幼树早花早实的促进效果

对3年生光皮树幼树,采用环割倒贴皮、铁丝绞缢、绳索绞缢、环刻4种人工造伤方法分别对其主干和主枝进行处理.结果表明:4种处理方法对树干直径和冠幅生长的影响差异不显著;铁丝绞缢主枝法处理,其树高及开花株数和开花数量都与其他处理存在显著差异;铁丝绞缢主枝与铁丝绞缢主干法促进开花的效果差异不显著.     

不同滴灌施肥量对沙地玉米氮效率及硝态氮的影响

探索沙地春玉米最佳滴灌施肥方案是提高其生育期氮积累和氮效率的有效途径。试验采用三因素D饱和最优设计,研究拔节期、抽雄期和收获期玉米产量、生育期植株不同器官氮积累和硝态氮含量的差异,结果表明:(1)随着玉米生育期推进,整株氮积累逐渐增加,叶片、茎下降,籽粒增加,高氮处理(氮肥240 kg·hm~(-2))显著高于其他处理;(2)N_3P_1K_3处理产量最高(13 875 kg·hm~(-2)),氮素转运量和营养器官贡献率显著高于其它处理,氮收获指数和氮肥偏生产力较低;(3)土壤硝态氮含量随植株生长吸收逐渐降低,以滴头处0～20 cm硝态氮含量最高,20～60 cm逐渐降低;(4)不同施氮处理的硝态氮含量有差异,拔节期施肥处理均与CK差异显著,抽雄期和收获期中氮处理和高氮处理对硝态氮影响显著。高氮处理中土壤0～60 cm硝态氮含量与播前基本一致,维持了土壤硝态氮的平衡。综合考虑产量、氮效率及土壤硝态氮平衡方面的因素,膜下滴灌条件下,陕北风沙滩地玉米合理的施肥为N_3P_1K_3处理,即施氮肥240 kg·hm~(-2),磷肥80 kg·hm~(-2),钾肥225 kg·hm~(-2)。     

藜麦种子萌发阶段响应干旱和盐胁迫变化的综合评价

随着我国藜麦产业不断发展和利用边际性土地种植规模的扩大,藜麦种子萌发阶段对干旱和盐胁迫的响应研究越来越受到重视。本文采用室内PEG-6000模拟干旱胁迫和NaCl模拟盐胁迫,通过测定发芽率、发芽势、长度和鲜重等8个指标,对5个藜麦品种(系)(‘南非2号’‘陇藜1号’‘陇藜4号’、HTH-y605、HTH-01)种子萌发期对干旱和盐胁迫的响应进行综合评价研究,并利用主成分分析方法评价藜麦的抗旱性和耐盐性,指出抗旱性和耐盐性的主要评价指标。结果表明:在藜麦萌发阶段抗旱性综合评价中,主成分分析将8个指标归类为2个成分因子,各成分分别以相对长度和相对发芽率载荷量最大,可作为藜麦萌发期抗旱性主要鉴定指标。抗旱性强弱顺序为:‘南非2号’HTH-01‘陇藜4号’‘陇藜1号’HTH-y605。在其耐盐性综合评价中,通过主成分分析将8个指标归类为3个成分因子,相对长度、相对发芽率和相对发芽指数分别为各成分因子上最大的载荷,可以作为藜麦萌发期耐盐性的主要鉴定指标,耐盐性强弱顺序为:HTH-01HTH-y605‘陇藜4号’‘陇藜1号’‘南非2号’。相关性分析结果显示,不同藜麦品种萌发阶段抗旱性与耐盐性之间无明显相关性。研究发现藜麦不同品种在抗旱性和耐盐性具有遗传多样性,其机制有待进一步研究。研究结论对藜麦抗逆机理研究和品种选育有一定的参考价值,为当前中低产田开发利用提供了理论和数据支持。     

贵州省黔东南地区草地贪夜蛾寄生性天敌资源调查初报

草地贪夜蛾Spodoptera frugiperda(J. E. Smith)于2019年5月入侵贵州黔东南地区,严重威胁当地农业生态。黔东南地区丰富的生物资源是挖掘草地贪夜蛾自然天敌的重要基础。为明确黔东南地区草地贪夜蛾天敌的发生情况,2019年5月至7月,采用五点取样法对选取的3个地点开展调查。结果表明,草地贪夜蛾在黔东南地区的主要寄生性天敌有5类,分别为白僵菌属、绿僵菌属、茧蜂科、姬蜂科和黑卵蜂属昆虫,寄生率最高分别为45.50%、57.00%、3.00%、20.00%和12.50%,寄生草地贪夜蛾幼虫期4种天敌综合控制力最高达96.50%。本研究可为草地贪夜蛾天敌资源挖掘与利用提供重要参考。     

Effects of histone hypomethylation induced by alcohol during pregnancy on overexpression of cardiomyogenesis genes offspring mice

AIM:To investigate the effects of histone methylation on the abnormal expression of cardiomyogenesis genes caused by alcohol during pregnancy and the regulatory mechanism, and to provide a new idea and intervention targets for preventing and curing congenital heart disease. METHODS:The alcohol (56%, 5 mL/kg) and G9a-histone methyltransferases (HMT) inhibitor BRD4770 (1 mg/kg) were given by gavage in Kunming mice during embryo (E) 0.5~14.5 d, and the hearts of the mice in E14.5, E16.5 and post neonatal 0.5 d (PND0.5) were collected. The mRNA expression of Gata4, Cx43 and β-MHC genes was detected by RT-qPCR. The activity of HMT was measured by colorimetry. Meanwhile, the protein expression of histone H3K9me3, G9a-HMT, Cx43 and β-MHC was determined by Western blot. RESULTS:The results of colorimetry showed that the activity of HMT in the heart of the offspring mice treated with alcohol during pregnancy was decreased significantly compared with normal saline group (P<0.05), and Western blot data showed that the expression of G9a-HMT and histone H3K9me3 were apparently decreased in the same samples (P<0.05). The mRNA expression levels of Gata4, Cx43 and β-MHC in alcohol group were apparently increased compared with normal saline group (P<0.05). Meanwhile, the protein levels of Cx43 and β-MHC were increased significantly in the same samples (P<0.05). However, BRD4770, a G9a-HMT inhibitor, further attenuated the level of histone H3K9me3, and further upregulated the expression of Gata4, Cx43 and β-MHC in the heart of the the mice treated with alcohol (P<0.05). CONCLUSION:Histone methylation modification imbalance induced by G9a-HMT may be involved in the abnormal expression of cardiomyogenesis genes in the heart of offspring mice caused by alcohol during pregnancy.     

Role of miR-219 and TGFBR2 in pathogenesis of renal fibrosis

AIM:To study the role of microRNA-219 (miR-219) in regulation of transforming growth factor-β receptor type 2 (TGFBR2) in renal fibrosis. METHODS:The renal fibrosis patients (n=70) were selected in this stu-dy, and 20 cases of healthy people were selected as control group. RT-qPCR was used to detect the expression of miR-219 in the serum of the patients with renal fibrosis and control group, and the expression of miR-219 in NRK49F cells after stimulation with angiotensin Ⅱ(AngⅡ) was detected. The protein expression of α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) in the NRK49F cells transfected with miR-219 mimics after stimulation with AngⅡ was determined by Western blot. The potential target gene TGFBR2 of miR-219 was screened and verified by the method of luciferase reporter gene. RT-qPCR and Western blot were used to detected the effect of miR-219 mimics on the expression of TGFBR2 at mRNA and protein levels, and the mRNA expression of α-SMA, connective tissue growth factor (CTGF), type I collagen α1 (COL1A1) and COL3A1 in the NRK49F cells was also detected, respectively. The unilateral ureteral occlusion (UUO) mouse model was established and the expression of miR-219 in the renal tissue was monitored. The morphological change of renal fibrosis was observed in the UUO mice after injection of miR-219, and the mRNA expression levels of COL1A1 and COL3A1 were detected. RESULTS:The expression level of miR-219 in the patients with renal fibrosis was significantly lower than that in control group, and the expression of miR-219 in the UUO mice was decreased significantly (P<0.01). The expression level of miR-219 was significantly decreased in the NRK49F cells after AngⅡ stimulation, and miR-219 mimics inhibited the protein expression of α-SMA(P<0.01). miR-219 mimics had a targeted regulatory effect on TGFBR2 gene, which inhibited the mRNA and protein expression of TGFBR2. miR-219 mimics inhibited the mRNA expression of α-SMA, CTGF, COL1A1 and COL3A1. miR-219 also down-regulated the mRNA expression of COL1A1 and COL3A1 in the UUO mice and inhibited the process of renal fibrosis. CONCLUSION:miR-219 inhibits the development of renal fibrosis by inhibiting the expression of TGFBR2, which may become a new target for the diagnosis and treatment of renal fibrosis.     

F-box domain is involved in regulating the proliferation of MCF-7 cells by FBXO39 protein

AIM: To investigate the effect of F-box domain on the regulation of MCF-7 cell proliferation by FBXO39 protein. METHODS: The effect of F-box domain on the localization of FBXO39 protein in the MCF-7 cells was investigated. MCF-7 cell cDNA library was used as the template resource. The full-length cDNA sequence of FBXO39 was amplified by PCR method and subcloned into eukaryotic expression vector pEGFP-C2. The pEGFP-FBXO39ΔF (F-box domain deletion mutation) plasmid was successfully constructed with the template resource of pEGFP-FBXO39 plasmid. The recombinant plasmids were transfected into the MCF-7 cells, and then the expression of FBXO39 and FBXO39ΔF were determined by Western blot. The cellular localization of FBXO39 and FBXO39ΔF were observed by confocal microscopy. The localization of endogenous FBXO39 in the MCF-7 cells was detected by immunofluorescence staining. In addition, MTT and EdU assays were used to measure the cell proliferation, flow cytometry was used to measure the cell cycle distribution, and immunohistochemical staining was used to observe the expression of FBXO39 in the breast cancer and para-carcinoma tissues. RESULTS: The eukaryotic expression vector pEGFP-FBXO39 and pEGFP-FBXO39ΔF were constructed successfully. F-box domain had no effect on the cell localization of FBXO39. FBXO39 promoted MCF-7 cell proliferation but FBXO39ΔF did not. FBXO39 was highly expressed in the breast cancer tissues. CONCLUSION: F-box domain had no effect on the cellular localization of FBXO39 protein. However, it plays an important role in the biological function of FBXO39. FBXO39 may be related to breast cancer tumorigenesis.     

Comparison of phenolic profiles and antioxidant activities in skins and pulps of eleven grape cultivars(Vitis vinifera L.)

Eleven grape cultivars were analysed to explore the variety differences of fresh grape phenolic profiles. The results showed that free phenolics were predominant in grape skins and pulps, and showed the higher antioxidant activities than bound. In 11 cultivars, Muscat Kyoho extracts had the highest total phenolic content in skins(10.525 mg GAE g~(–1) FW) and pulps(1.134 mg GAE g~(–1) FW), and exhibited the highest DPPH radical scavening capacity(EC_(50)=11.7 μg mL~(–1)) and oxygen radical absorbance capacity(ORAC) value(190.57 μmol TE g~(–1) FW) of free phenolic in skin. In addition, the most abundant phenolics in grape skins were found to be flavonoids such as kaempferol in Kyoho skin(541.2 μg g~(–1) FW), rutin, catechin and epicatechin in Muscat Kyoho skin(262.3, 86.3 and 70.0 μg g~(–1) FW, respectively). Furthermore, the principal component analysis showed a strong difference of phenolic profiles with the cultivars, existing forms and distributions. Pearson correlation coefficient analysis showed a significant linear correlation between total phenolic content and antioxidant activity(P0.05). Therefore, both skins and pulps were rich sources of bioactive phenolic compounds, and Muscat Kyoho was the ideal source among all samples.