Sublytic C5b-9 induces protective autophagy in cultured podocytes

AIM: In podocytes, autophagy occurs at a high basal level and dysregulated autophagy is associa-ted with a variety of podocytopathies. This paper is to investigate the role of autophagy in sublytic C5b-9-induced podocyte injury. METHODS: Sublytic complement C5b-9 stimulation was used as an in vitro model. Autophagosomes were confirmed using monodansylcadaverine (MDC) staining. Immunoblotting was used to measure the change of autophagy-related markers. Cellular morphological changes were observed by Wright-Giemsa staining. Immunofluorescence staining and confocal microscopy were used to detect the expression and distribution of nephrin. The cell viability was assessed by methylthiazol tetrazolium (MTT) assay. The cell apoptosis was assessed by Annexin V-fluorescein isothiocyanate/PI staining. RESULTS: For ensuring sublytic complement injury, the maximal amounts of anti-podocyte antiserum and 160×-diluted normal human serum were used without inducing cell lysis (defined as >5% LDH release). Sublytic C5b-9 promoted autophagy of podocytes in vitro. The proautophagic effect of sublytic C5b-9 manifested in the form of accumulated MDC-labeled vesicles and enhanced the expression of LC3-Ⅱ. Autophagy inhibitor 3-methyladenosine (3-MA) promoted sublytic C5b-9-induced podocyte morphological abnormalities. Compared with the sublytic C5b-9-injured podocytes, 3-MA exposure further decreased the expression of nephrin. 3-MA enhanced sublytic C5b-9-induced podocyte apoptosis. CONCLUSION: Sublytic C5b-9 attack induces autophagy, which may play a protective role against complement-mediated podocyte injury.     

合欢枯萎病菌的生物学特性研究

通过组织分离法获得合欢枯萎病纯茵种，并以常规方法对合欢枯萎病病茵的生物学特性进行了研究，其结果表明，该茵可在PDA、PSA以及合欢的根、茎、叶培养基上生长，在PDA及PSA上的生长情况基本一致，且茵丝旺盛，而在合欢根、茎、叶培养基中的生长情况稍差；该茵的生长温度为5～32℃，最适生长温度为23—29℃；孢子在葡萄糖培养...     

土地流转制度与当代农村社会秩序的重建

文章通过介绍传统土地制度对农村社会秩序的影响,重点对在土地流转制度影响下当代农村社会秩序的重建进行了试探性分析,指出在我国当前农村实际情况下,必须充分发挥土地流转制度的维系功能,帮助农民培养其内生性力量,促进和引导农民个体社会化,从而实现我国农村社会秩序的重新建构。     

气候变暖对新疆不同秋眠级紫花苜蓿种植适宜性的影响

基于新疆102个气象台站1961?2019年逐日平均气温、最低气温资料,采用统计学方法以及ArcGIS的空间插值技术,在对影响新疆紫花苜蓿种植的主要气候因子 ≥ 5 ℃积温、冬季最低气温时空变化特征分析的基础上,以80%保证率 ≥ 5 ℃积温和90%保证率冬季最低气温作为指标因子,研究了气候变暖背景下,新疆不同秋眠级紫花苜蓿种植气候适宜性的变化。结果表明：新疆80%保证率 ≥ 5 ℃积温和90%保证率冬季最低气温的空间分布总体呈现“南疆多(高),北疆少(低);平原多(高),山区少(低)”的格局。受上述两指标要素空间分异的综合影响,秋眠级4～6级紫花苜蓿适宜种植区主要分布在南疆的塔里木盆地以及东疆的吐鲁番盆地和哈密盆地;秋眠级2～3级紫花苜蓿适宜种植区分布在塔里木盆地、吐鲁番盆地和哈密盆地周边山前倾斜平原,伊犁河谷以及准噶尔盆地西部和东部的低平原地带;秋眠级1～2级紫花苜蓿适宜种植区分布在北疆北部、西部,准噶尔盆地腹地以及天山和昆仑山中、低山带;阿尔泰山、天山和昆仑山区大部为紫花苜蓿不适宜种植区。影响不同秋眠级紫花苜蓿种植的主导因子不同,秋眠级4～6级紫花苜蓿适宜种植区以及紫花苜蓿不宜种植区主要受80%保证率 ≥ 5 ℃积温的影响;秋眠级1～2级和2～3级紫花苜蓿适宜种植区主要受90%保证率冬季最低气温的影响。在全球变暖背景下,近59年新疆 ≥ 5 ℃积温和冬季最低气温分别以65.52 (℃·d)·10 a?1和0.63 ℃·10 a?1的倾向率呈极显著(P < 0.001)上升趋势,80%保证率 ≥ 5 ℃积温和90%保证率冬季最低气温也总体增多或升高,但其变化具有阶段性差异,时段Ⅰ (1961–1980年) 80%保证率 ≥ 5 ℃积温和90%保证率冬季最低气温为近59年最低时期;时段Ⅱ(1981?2000年)较时段Ⅰ的90%保证率冬季最低气温升高2.9 ℃,但80%保证率 ≥ 5 ℃积温变化不大;时段Ⅲ(2001?2019年)较时段Ⅱ的90%保证率冬季最低气温不升反降0.8 ℃,而80%保证率 ≥ 5 ℃积温增加147.0 ℃·d。受上述气候要素变化的影响,近59年新疆秋眠级4～6级和2～3级紫花苜蓿适宜种植区呈扩大趋势,而秋眠级1～2级紫花苜蓿适宜种植区及紫花苜蓿不宜种植区呈减小趋势。这表明气候变暖对新疆紫花苜蓿种植的发展总体趋于有利。     

甘肃省高寒草甸植被覆盖度反演及其时空变化研究

本研究以甘肃省高寒草甸为研究区,基于2000—2019年遥感数据和2014年实测数据,采用经验回归模型法构建植被覆盖度(fractional vegetation cover,FVC)估算模型,并研究了过去20年高寒草甸FVC时空变化规律、稳定性及变化原因,以期为FVC动态监测提供科学依据。结果表明：在6种植被指数(vegetation index,VI)中除比值植被指数(ratio vegetation index,RVI)外,其余VI与FVC相关系数均大于0.65(P<0.01);模型精度检验发现高寒草甸FVC最佳反演模型为归一化植被指数(normalized difference vegetation index,NDVI)二项式模型：y=-0.65x²+1.97x—0.23(R²=0.81,RMSE=7.33);甘肃省高寒草甸FVC呈现南高北低的格局,20年FVC均值处于较高水平,年均FVC呈现波动上升趋势,平均增速0.15%·a^-1,其中FVC增加的面积占52.76%,稳定的面积占27.58%,下降的面积占19.66%,FVC变异系数小于0.15的面积占86.57%。综上所述,2000—2019年甘肃省高寒草甸FVC整体上呈现增加趋势,并且稳定性较高。     

铝胁迫下添加水杨酸对黑麦草生理及叶绿素荧光参数的影响

选取黑麦草品种Nagahahikari和特高作为试验材料,探究不同浓度外源水杨酸(SA)(0.3,0.6 mmol/L)对铝胁迫下黑麦草生理和叶绿素荧光特性的影响.结果表明:铝胁迫下SA浓度为0.6 mmol/L时能显著提高两个黑麦草品种的根长、地下生物量、叶绿素a、叶绿素b、叶绿素总量和荧光参数Fo、Fm、φEo、δRo、ψEo(P<0.05),增强超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)和过氧化物酶(POD)活性(P<0.05),降低黑麦草体内Al3+富集量、相对电导率和丙二醛(MDA)含量(P<0.05),提高Nagahahikari的可溶性蛋白含量和特高的可溶性糖含量(P<0.05).本研究表明铝胁迫下添加适宜浓度的外源SA能有效缓解铝胁迫对黑麦草的毒害作用,且SA对不同黑麦草品种间的缓解效果存在差异.     

去势术对雄性中华田园犬脂代谢的影响

[目的] 研究去势术对雄性中华田园犬脂代谢的影响。[方法] 将12只年龄、体重相近的中华田园犬分为非手术组和去势组,对去势组中华田园犬进行去势手术,观察并测定术前第1天、术后第14天、术后第21天血清中甘油三酯（TG）、总胆固醇（TC）、低密度脂蛋白（LDL）、高密度脂蛋白（HDL）含量,以非手术组作为对照,分析去势术对雄性犬脂代谢的影响。[结果] 去势组与非手术组相比,血清中TG含量在第14天到第21天显著上升;血清中TC含量相比非手术组呈下降趋势;HDL第14天和第21天都低于非手术组;LDL都高于非手术组,整体呈上升趋势。[结论] 去势手术会影响雄性中华田园犬机体脂类代谢,会导致去势犬甘油三酯升高,总胆固醇和高密度脂蛋白下降,低密度脂蛋白上升。     

Effect of Se and VE Supplement on Semen Quality,Antioxidant Enzyme Activities and Heat Shock Protein Expression of Goat in High Temperature Season

This experiment was conducted to study the effect of selenium and vitamin E supplement on semen quality, antioxidant enzyme activities and heat shock protein expression of goat in Hainan high temperature season.16 adult Hainan Black goat with good health and approximate weight were randomly divided into 4 groups, fed with basal diet(control group), basal diet+0.5 mg/kg Se(Se group), basal diet+100 mg/kg VE(VE group), and basal diet+0.5 mg/kg Se+100 mg/kg VE(Se+VE group), respectively.The experimental period was 93 d.Semen samples were collected in the last week of the experiment on two consecutive days.The semen quality, antioxidant enzyme activities and heat shock protein expression were analyzed.The results showed that compared with control group, the ejaculate volume was not significantly affected by Se or VE supplement(P>0.05).Sperm density and sperm motility were increased significantly by Se and VE supplement(P<0.05), and the abnormal rate was decreased extremely significantly(P<0.01).The goats fed with Se and VE also had higher activities of GSH-Px(P<0.01), SOD(P<0.05), CAT(P<0.05) and T-AOC(P<0.01), and lower MDA concentration in seminal plasma(P<0.05).The relative expression levels of HSP70 and HSP90 mRNA in supplement groups were decreased extremely significantly(P<0.01).However, there were some certain differences between the Se and VE supplement groups on semen quality and heat shock protein expression.In conclusion, the supplementation of Se and VE could help to improve goat semen quality by increasing the sperm density, sperm motility, the antioxidant enzyme activities, and decreasing the abnormal rate in hot season of Hainan.Finally, Se and VE supplement had good effects on relieving the environment heat stress.     

甘蓝型油菜雌性不育突变体FS1花器官形态结构研究

植物界中雌性不育现象普遍存在，迄今已在小麦、水稻、苎麻、油松、桔柑等作物中发现了雌性不育突变体^[1~5]，并对雌性不育的机理、遗传、应用进行了研究^[6~11]。1996年我们在油菜育种圃甘蓝型黄籽油菜宁油10号株系中发现了3株异常株，每株只结几个角果，角果肥大且角粒数只有1~5个，后来研究证实为雌性不育突变体，定名为FS1。雌性不育系作父本与母本混播，应用于杂交油菜制种可缩小父、母本间传粉距离，增加母本播种量，从而提高制种产量和纯度。初步研究表明，FS1天然授粉、套袋自交、剥蕾自交结角率为3%左右，平均每角粒数为1.30-2.07粒，其雌性不育性可以遗传，花粉育性正常，体细胞染色体数正常，为2n=38，花粉母细胞减数分裂正常（有关研究另文报道）。为了解甘蓝型油菜雌性不育突变体FS1的雌性不育机制，本文从形态结构方面做了初步研究。