教师教学质量评估研究

本着以人为本、求真务实的理念,根据教育评价理论,运用数理统计原理,采用高阶综合评价方法对评估原则、体系建构、评估指标等进行分析研究,建构教师教学质量评估模型。     

Stocking rate effects on the worm burdens of Angora goats and Merino sheep

Worm egg counts of yearling Angora or Merino wethers grazing in mixed flocks at either 4/ha or 8/ha were observed over a 5 month period. Based on faecal egg counts infection levels in the sheep increased for the first 3 months and then decreased as the animals developed resistance. Egg counts in the goats did not decrease during the experiment. Post mortem worm counts indicated that there was a significant host species--stocking rate interaction on worm burdens of Haemonchus contortus adults and Ostertagia circumcincta adults and larvae. Goats had more H. contortus and O. circumcincta adults than sheep at the 8/ha stocking rate. At 4/ha goats had fewer O. circumcincta fourth stage larvae than sheep. There was no stocking rate effect on the numbers of Trichostrongylus axei or T. colubriformis. Sheep had more T. axei and fewer T. colubriformis than goats.     

Settling of insecticide from dip wash mixed with dam water and zinc sulphate and used to control sheep lice (Bovicola ovis)

SUMMARY Insecticidal dipping fluid emulsions, mixed in vitro in dam water containing suspended clay particles and 1% w/v zinc sulphate, were analysed to determine rates of settling of diazinon, cyhalothrin and cypermethrin. Fifteen minutes after mixing, the concentration of the insecticides 5 cm below the surface had declined by 72.5%, 72.8% and 89.4%, respectively. On remixing, the concentration of insecticide in suspension was close to or greater than the initial concentration. In 2 trials, lice were eradicated from sheep showered with dip wash mixed in cloudy dam water to which 1% w/v of zinc sulphate was added. In 12 flock treatments in which 1000 to 2000 sheep were dipped with added zinc sulphate, the concentration of insecticide remained above the minimum lethal for susceptible strains of lice. However, lice were still present 6 months later in 8 of these flocks. When zinc sulphate is added to dip wash, agitation is needed to maintain the insecticide in suspension.     

Why implantation of bio‐loggers may improve our understanding of how animals cope within their natural environment

Bio‐loggers are miniaturized autonomous devices that record quantitative data on the state of free‐ranging animals (e.g. behavior, position and physiology) and their natural environment. This is especially relevant for species where direct visual observation is difficult or impossible. Today, ongoing technical development allows the monitoring of numerous parameters in an increasing range of species over extended periods. However, the external attachment of devices might affect various aspects of animal performance (energetics, thermoregulation, foraging as well as social and reproductive behavior), which ultimately affect fitness. External attachment might also increase entanglement risk and the conspicuousness of animals, leaving them more vulnerable to predation. By contrast, implantation of devices can mitigate many of these undesirable effects and might be preferable, especially for long‐term studies, provided that the many challenges associated with surgical procedures can be mastered. Implantation may then allow us to gather data that would be impossible to obtain otherwise and thereby may provide new and ecologically relevant insights into the life of wild animals. Here, we: (i) discuss the pros and cons of attachment methods; (ii) highlight recent field studies that used implanted bio‐loggers to address eco‐physiological questions in a wide range of species; and (iii) discuss logger implantation in light of ethical considerations.     

广灵驴成纤维细胞系的建立及其相关生物学特性研究

试验旨在建立广灵驴成纤维细胞库,以期在细胞水平上对广灵驴进行保护。本研究以1月龄广灵驴耳缘皮肤组织为试验材料,采用组织块贴壁法进行成纤维细胞培养,建立了广灵驴耳缘皮肤组织成纤维细胞系,并对其相关生物学特性进行了鉴定。结果发现,试验所建立的广灵驴成纤维细胞系大多数细胞呈长梭形,部分细胞呈三角状或星型。在培养过程中,广灵驴原代成纤维细胞在贴壁4 d时开始有细胞从组织边缘游离出来,贴壁14 d后,细胞汇合率达到80%,可以进行第一次传代培养;细胞生长态势良好,生长曲线呈典型的S型曲线;细胞冻存复苏后活率有所下降,但生长状态良好。细胞分裂中期染色体数2n=62,说明成功建立了广灵驴成纤维细胞系。通过本方法建立的广灵驴成纤维细胞系为后续广灵驴的相关研究奠定了基础。     

杂交稻新组合“Ⅱ优明62”选育及其产量构成因素分析

介绍了高产、优质、抗病晚稻新组合Ⅱ优明62的选育过程、主要特征特性,并对其产量构成因素进行相关、通径分析。     

经济学中的隐喻

隐喻无处不在,是人类赖以生存的思维和行为方式。隐喻是通过一个事物来理解另一个事物的认知方式,它不仅仅是一种语言现象。经济学中大量的隐喻现象,说明了隐喻的认知功能和普遍性特征。