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81.
Tomonori Kume Yuka Onozawa Hikaru Komatsu Kenji Tsuruta Yoshinori Shinohara Toshihiro Umebayashi Kyoichi Otsuki 《Forest Ecology and Management》2010
The applicability of sap flux (Fd) measurements to bamboo forests has not been studied. This study was undertaken to establish an optimal and effective design for stand-scale transpiration (E) estimates in a Moso bamboo forest. To this aim, we validated Fd measurements in Moso bamboos in a cut bamboo experiment. In addition, we analyzed how sample sizes affect the reliability of E estimates calculated from Fd and conducting culm area (AS_b). In the cut bamboo experiments, we found that Fd measurement using a 10 mm probe was a valid means of determining the water-use behavior of a Moso bamboo, although a specific correction was needed. Furthermore, we calculated E from stand AS_b (AS_stand) and mean stand Fd (JS). Employing Monte Carlo analysis, we examined potential errors associated with sample size in E, AS_stand, and JS using an original dataset with AS_b and Fd measured for 40 and 16 individuals, respectively. Consequently, we determined the optimal sample size for both AS_stand and JS estimates as 11. The optimal sample sizes for JS were almost the same under different vapor pressure deficit and soil moisture conditions. The optimal sample size for JS at the study site was less than that of a coniferous plantation in the same region probably owing to small individual-to-individual variations in sap flux in the Moso bamboo forest. Our study concludes that sap flux measurements are an applicable technique for assessing water use in Moso bamboo forests. 相似文献
82.
Effects on growth,survival, body composition,processing traits and water quality when feeding a diet without vitamin and mineral supplements to Australian red claw crayfish (Cherax quadricarinatus) grown in ponds 下载免费PDF全文
Yuka Kobayashi Carl D Webster Kenneth R Thompson Vaun C Cummins Jr Ann L Gannam Ronald G Twibell Nathan M Hyde Joao Fernando Albers Koch 《Aquaculture Research》2015,46(11):2716-2727
To be profitable, producers must reduce diet costs, which can be as high as 80% of the variable costs of an aquaculture expense. As vitamin and mineral premixes represent a significant cost, eliminating addition of these premixes could reduce diet costs if no adverse effects were observed for growth and production parameters. A 105‐day feeding trial was conducted with juvenile Australian red claw crayfish (Cherax quadricarinatus) to evaluate the effects of growth, survival, body composition, processing traits and water quality when red claw were fed a supplemental diet containing 28% crude protein (CP) without vitamin and mineral premixes (and supplemented alfalfa hay) compared with red claw fed a diet (control diet) containing 42% CP, vitamin and mineral premixes, and with supplemented alfalfa hay, and compared with red claw only fed alfalfa hay when grown in ponds. Juvenile red claw (mean weight of 15.7 ± 1.0 g) were randomly stocked into nine 0.02‐ha ponds at a rate of 640 per pond (3.2 per m2), and each treatment was used in three ponds. There were two feedings per day, each consisting of one‐half of the total daily ration. At harvest, individual weight, percentage weight gain, specific growth rate, survival and total yield of red claw fed a control diet was significantly higher (P < 0.05) (83.0 g, 398%, 1.53% day?1, 65.1%,and 1708 kg ha?1 respectively) compared with red claw only fed alfalfa hay (44.9 g, 202%, 1.04% day?1, 30.3% and 431 kg ha?1, respectively), but not different (P > 0.05) from red claw fed the supplemental diet without vitamin and mineral premixes (76.2 g, 367%, 1.47% day?1, 57.2% and 1378 kg ha?1). There were no significant differences (P > 0.05) in feed conversion ratio (FCR) among treatments, which averaged 5.0 (based on prepared diet input). These results indicate that vitamin and mineral supplementation in a diet is not necessary when diet containing 28% CP and alfalfa hay are used in combination for pond grown red claw. These results may help reduce diet costs and possibly increase producers’ profits which might allow for industry expansion. 相似文献
83.
几种新型有机肥对菜用毛豆产量、品质及化肥氮利用率的影响 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
通过田间试验研究4种有机废弃物中的KEON(KC1可提取态氮)和PEON(磷酸缓冲液可提取态氮)2种形态的有机氮对菜用毛豆生长及化肥氮利用率的影响.结果表明:施用鸡粪和豆粕混合肥与单施化肥相比,地上部分干物质重分别提高20.4%和33.2%,籽粒中的蛋白质含量分别提高17.8%和16.2%.达到显著差异水平;与单施化肥相比,毛豆产量分别提高38.0%和32.5%.有机肥中的KEON和PEON与化学氮肥利用率呈正相关,其相关系数分别达到0.88和0.87(P<0.05).与单施化肥相比,施用鸡粪和豆粕混合肥的当季化学氮肥利用率可分剐提高94.9%和67.4%. 相似文献
84.
Hidehiro Kondo Takami Morita Maki Ikeda Chihiro Kurosaka Aiko Shitara Yuka Honda Reiko Nozaki Takashi Aoki Ikuo Hirono 《Fisheries Science》2010,76(1):161-165
Expressed sequence tag (EST) analyses were performed with the aim of identifying enzyme genes in the liver of the Bleeker’s squid Loligo bleekeri. Of the 768 ESTs identified and sequenced, 669 were grouped into 324 clusters. Of these clusters, 123 comprising 245 ESTs were found to be homologous to genes reported to date. Among these, 43 clusters were annotated as enzymes according to the Enzyme Commission (EC) numbering system. Two EC groups, oxidoreductases and hydrolases, possessed a large number of ESTs. A cluster homologous to the glutathione peroxidase, an enzyme in the oxidoreductase group, contained 16 ESTs, which accounted for 2.4% of the total ESTs sequenced. There are three serine proteases, three cathepsins, two triacylgricerol lipases, and two chitinases among the clusters homologous to the enzymes in the hydrolase group. Since the squid liver functions in the digestive process, these enzymes would be involved in food digestion. Our data provide information on the various types of enzymes expressed in the squid liver and may provide a useful basis for further characterization of these enzymes. 相似文献
85.
Takuma AOKI Hiroshi SUNAHARA Keisuke SUGIMOTO Tetsuro ITO Eiichi KANAI Sakurako NEO Yoko FUJII Yoshito WAKAO 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2015,77(9):1187-1190
Dynamic left ventricular outflow tract obstruction (DLVOTO) is a common condition in cats
and humans. In this case report, a dog is described with DLVOTO secondary to severe
intra-abdominal hemorrhage caused by a hemangiosarcoma. The dog was a 9-year-old, 35.7-kg,
spayed female German Shepard dog that presented with a history of tachypnea and collapse.
A Levine II/VI systolic murmur was present at the heart base. Abdominal ultrasonography
revealed a splenic mass and a large amount of ascites. Echocardiography showed a reduced
left ventricular diameter and an increased aortic velocity caused by systolic anterior
motion (SAM) of the mitral valve apparatus. The heart murmur and the SAM were resolved
after treatment including a splenectomy and a blood transfusion. 相似文献
86.
Yusuke TANAKA Yuka TAGAINO Shotaro NAKAGUN Takayuki MINESHIGE Kenichi WATANABE Hisashi INOKUMA Yoshiyasu KOBAYASHI 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2021,83(12):1852
A male Holstein-Friesian calf was born with multiple, cauliflower-like, pale pink cutaneous masses on the head and limbs. On histopathological examination, the cutaneous masses were diagnosed as congenital cutaneous fibropapillomatosis. Those lesions involved focal proliferation of sebaceous gland in the dermis. There were no histological findings to suggest bovine papillomavirus infection, such as the presence of intranuclear inclusion bodies, large keratohyalin granules, and koilocytosis. Furthermore, papillomaviral antigens and DNA were not detected by immunohistochemistry and polymerase chain reaction, respectively. These results suggested that there was no association between these cutaneous lesions and bovine papillomavirus infection, and the lesions were considered as harmartomatous changes. 相似文献
87.
88.
Yurie KAWASAKI Yuka AOKI Fumie MAGATA Akio MIYAMOTO Chiho KAWASHIMA Takuo HOJO Kiyoshi OKUDA Koumei SHIRASUNA Takashi SHIMIZU 《The Journal of reproduction and development》2014,60(3):173-178
The present study aimed to assess the effect of polymorphisms in the tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) promoter (A/A, A/G and
G/G) and exons (T/T, T/C and C/C) on immune function and reproductive performance in dairy cows. The occurrence of the first
postpartum ovulation within 3 weeks in the cows with the TNF-α promoter A/G and G/G genotypes was higher than in the A/A
group. Among the different TNF-α exon genotypes, the occurrence of early first postpartum ovulation was higher in the T/C and
C/C genotype groups than in the T/T group. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the TNF-α gene did not affect the rate
of artificial insemination (AI) or duration from parturition to next conception (days open). The apoptosis rate of
polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs) did not differ among the TNF-α promoter genotypes, but the PMN transmigration rate was
significantly higher for the A/A and A/G genotypes than for the G/G genotype. Interleukin 8 (IL-8) mRNA expression in PMNs
and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) before culture was significantly higher for the A/A genotype compared with the
G/G genotype. There were no significant differences between the genotypes in the mRNA expression of TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1β, and
toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) in PMNs and PBMCs before and 4 h after culture. IL-8 and IL-1β production by PBMCs cultured for 4
h was significantly higher for the animals with the A/A genotype than for those with the G/G genotype. On the other hand, no
significant difference was observed in IL-8 and IL-1β production by PMNs among different TNF-α genotypes. Taken together,
these results suggest that SNP in the TNF-α gene affects immune function and reproductive performance in dairy cows. 相似文献
89.
Regiospecific profiles of fatty acids (FA) of triacylglycerols (TAG) and phospholipids (PL) isolated from red and black rices were investigated. The lipids extracted from red and black rices were separated by thin‐layer chromatography (TLC) into eight subfractions, respectively. With a few exceptions, the major lipid components were TAG (76.4–80.5%), free FA (7.2–9.8%), and phospholipids (3.5–3.6%), while hydrocarbons, steryl esters, diacylglycerols (1,3‐DAG and 1,2‐DAG), and monoacylglycerols were present in minor proportions (0.1–4.1%). The PL components isolated from the two cultivars were phosphatidyl choline (52.3–53.7%), phosphatidyl ethanolamine (22.3–23.1%), phosphatidyl inositol (20.6–21.3%), and others (<3.4%). No significant differences (P < 0.05) in FA distribution were found when these cultivars were compared. The principal characteristics of the FA distribution in the TAG and PL were evident in the rices between the two cultivars: unsaturated FA were predominantly located at the sn‐2 position (77.3–96.8%), while saturated FA primary occupied the sn‐1 or the sn‐3 position (35.0–78.7%) in these lipids. The results of this study could provide useful information to both consumers and producers during manufacture of traditional rice foods in Japan. 相似文献
90.
Contrast harmonic imaging of canine hepatic tumors 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Kutara K Asano K Kito A Teshima K Kato Y Sasaki Y Edamura K Shibuya H Sato T Hasegawa A Tanaka S 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2006,68(5):433-438
Six adult healthy Beagles were used to investigate the hepatic perfusion dynamics of Levovist, a contrast agent used in contrast harmonic imaging (CHI). In addition, 8 dogs with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and 2 dogs with metastatic hepatic hemangiosarcoma (HSA) were used to characterize both the CHI findings with Levovist. In the Beagles, the start of intravenously injected Levovist into the aorta between the cranial mesenteric and renal arteries and the portal vein at the hepatic hilum were 5.47 +/- 1.52 sec and 16.03 +/- 3.39 sec, respectively. As a characteristic CHI finding in the 8 dogs with HCC, the early arterial phase showed a fine network of blood flow enhanced at the surrounding region and within the tumor in all the 8 dogs (100%), and the post vascular phase demonstrated a defect in the whole tumor and an enhancement of the surrounding hepatic tissues in 7 dogs (87.5%). In the 2 dogs with HSA, characteristic finding in which the early arterial and late vascular phases showed a rim contrast enhancement pattern, and the post vascular phase revealed that the whole tumor lacked contrast enhancement and the surrounding hepatic tissues was clearly enhanced. In dogs, the start of the early arterial and late vascular phases, and the characterizations of the CHI findings in HCC and HSA were suggested to be similar to those in humans. Therefore, CHI is thought to be useful for the diagnosis of HCC and metastatic hepatic HSA in dogs as well as in humans. 相似文献