秦岭南麓贫困山区经济与生态“双赢”互动模式研究

秦岭南麓贫困山区商南县自1999年实施退耕还林(草)工程以来,森林覆盖率达到52.7%,增加了1.5个百分点,林草覆盖率增加了4.6个百分点,但经济增长速度始终比较缓慢。为进一步了解退耕还林(草)工程对农村经济及退耕户带来的受益情况,以实地抽样调研为依据,通过对该县生态建设基本情况的深入调查,在初步掌握调查户普遍反映的主要问题基础上,依据该地区实际情况,提出了商南县生态与经济“双赢”互动模式,并对生态与经济互动途径提出了相关建议。     

基于DNDC模型模拟的冬小麦田土壤有机碳和作物产量对地表覆盖的响应

依托前期长期定位试验,基于DNDC过程模型,对秸秆和地膜覆盖条件下冬小麦田土壤有机碳和小麦产量的长期变化规律进行了模拟研究.结果表明,DNDC模拟的有机碳含量和冬小麦产量变化与田间观测结果较一致,能较理想地模拟两种覆盖措施对土壤有机碳和作物产量的长期影响.模拟结果显示,在50 a时间尺度上,不覆盖与地膜覆盖处理下0～5...     

70%安泰生可湿性粉剂对香蕉叶斑病的防治效果

对70%安泰生可湿性粉剂防治香蕉叶斑病进行田间试验,比较其对香蕉产量的影响。结果表明,70%安泰生可湿性粉剂150、100、75g对水60kg施用20天后,对香蕉叶斑病防效均达87.8%以上,30天后防效85.1%～90.1%;并且香蕉单株产量明显增加。其中,100g安泰生处理效果最好。     

Effects of hypoxia-inducible factor-1 signal pathway on proliferation in hypoxic pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells

AIM: To investigate the effect of hypoxia on the proliferation and apoptosis of pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells (PASMC); and to evaluate the role of hypoxia-inducible factor-1α(HIF-1α), iNOS, P-ERK1/2 protein expression in hypoxic pulmonary hypertension (HPH) pathogenesis.METHODS: Cultured rat PASMC were divided into normoxic group; hypoxic group; hypoxia+ADM(adrenomedulin) group, hypoxia+L-NAME(iNOS inhibitor) group; hypoxia+PD98059 group. Proliferation was investigated by MTT and PCNA. Apoptosis was examined by flow-cytometry. Westen blotting was used to measure protein expression of HIF-1α, P-ERK1/2 and iNOS. RESULTS: (1) A value of 24 h-hypoxia was significantly higher than that in the normoxic group (P<0.01). In the hypoxia+PD98059 group, ADM was significantly lower than that in hypoxia group, whereas A value of the hypoxia+L-NAME was significantly higher than that in hypoxic group and normoxic group (P<0.01). (2) PCNA was positive in PASMC after 24 h hypoxia (P<0.01). PD98059, ADM inhibited the expression of PCNA significantly (P<0.01), whereas L-NAME increased the expression of PCNA significantly (P<0.01). (3) Apoptosis index was not significantly difference among the different groups (P>0.05). (4) HIF-1α, iNOS and P-ERK1/2 expression was poorly positive in normoxic group, positive after hypoxia for 4h (P<0.01), reaching its peak at 8 h hypoxia (P<0.01), HIF-1α, P-ERK1/2 expression declined after 24 h hypoxia. L-NAME promoted the expression of HIF-1α, PD98059 inhibited the expression of HIF-1α, iNOS and P-ERK1/2 partly. ADM inhibited the expression of HIF-1α partly, promoted the expression of iNOS. CONCLUSION: (1) Hypoxia stimulates the proliferation of PASMC, and has no obvious effects on the apoptosis of PASMC. (2) HIF-1 plays an importent role in the proliferation of hypoxic PASMC.     

生物有机肥对黄州萝卜主要经济性状和效益的影响

为了验证生物有机肥对蔬菜作物生长的促进作用与增产效应,以黄州萝卜为试验材料,探究不同生物有机肥对黄州萝卜产量及品质等方面的影响,设置3个施肥处理:每667 m~2分别施用200 kg生物有机肥+20 kg三元复合肥;200 kg灭活生物有机肥+20 kg三元复合肥;常规施肥(每667 m~2施200 kg饼肥+20 kg三元复合肥)以及空白对照。结果表明:每667 m~2施200 kg生物有机肥+20 kg三元复合肥处理的萝卜667 m~2产量最高,为2 921.5 kg;在品质方面,萝卜含粗纤维7 g/kg,可溶性糖42 g/kg,水分92.6%;综合667 m~2效益最优,达到4 567.3元,产投比最高,为3.5。     

生态脆弱区多年气候变化特征分析——以陕西榆林市为例

基于1974~2004年榆林市气温、降水等气象数据,对近30年来区域气候的年际、季节及各年代的气候变化进行了定量分析。结果表明:榆林市在20世纪70年代属偏冷湿时期,80年代为逐渐转暖的偏暖干时期,90年代为异常暖干时期,21世纪前四年气候较为暖湿。揭示区域气候变化,可以为榆林能源重化工基地产业发展的优化与调控、榆林市农业的可持续发展,以及生态环境脆弱地区能源与矿产资源开发对区域生态环境的影响研究提供重要的基础理论依据。     

云南蔷薇属部分种质资源的SSR遗传多样性研究

利用简单重复序列SSR标记技术对蔷薇属（Rosa L．）13份野生种、变种、变型及29份栽培品种的遗传多样性进行了研究。用筛选出的18对SSR引物对42份材料DNA进行PCR扩增,在18个位点共检测到148个等位基因,每一位点的等位基因变幅为6～14个,平均8．2个。材料问遗传相似系数为0．282—0．892,表明在分子水平上具有丰富的遗传多样性。在相似系数为0．456时,基于SSR标记的聚类分析将13个蔷薇野生种分为5个组,这与植物形态学分类结果大体一致。在遗传相似系数为0．43水平上,聚类分析将42份供试材料分为5大组群。初步探讨了野生种之间以及野生种与栽培品种之间的亲缘关系。     

桃新品种‘谷红2号’

‘谷红2号’桃由‘燕红’优良芽变育成。果实近圆形,平均单果质量275.4 g,最大单果质量650 g。果皮底色绿白,果面鲜红色;果肉白色,硬溶质,肉质紧密,浓甜,有香味;粘核,可溶性固形物14.2%。果实发育期152 d;在北京地区9月中下旬果实成熟。     

果树中基因枪法遗传转化的研究进展

目前,应用于果树遗传转化的方法主要有农杆菌介导法和DNA直接导入法。介绍了DNA直接导入法中基因枪转化技术的原理、类型和基因枪的轰击参数、受体材料、基因型、轰击前后的培养条件等对其遗传转化频率的影响,并系统地概述了基因枪法在选择标记基因、报告基因、改良果树性状相关基因、启动子及多基因遗传转化中的应用研究进展,同时对果树基因枪转化研究中存在的问题及应用前景进行了讨论。     

Response of CREG1 promoter to serum starvation in human vascular cells

AIM: In order to explore the regulatory mechanisms of the human cellular repressor of E1A-stimulated genes (hCREG1) in vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs)-HITASY and in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs), we clone and construct hCREG1 promoter vector to detect its expression in different vascular cells. METHODS: With the results of biological information, the fragments including -3 677 bp, -2 310 bp and -945 bp upstream sequences of hCREG1 were amplified respectively using human genomic DNA template by PCR. The products were inserted into pMD18-T vector, and then were subcloned into pEGFP-1 report vector to obtain the pEGFP-hCREG1-promoter vectors. The pEGFP-hCREG1-P3677, pEGFP-hCREG1-P2310 and pEGFP-hCREG1-P945 vectors were transfected into HITASY cells and HUVECs transiently and the expression of green fluorescent protein (GFP) was detected respectively by Western blotting and fluorescent microscope. RESULTS: It was confirmed that all three PCR fragments inserted into vectors were corrected by sequencing analysis. However, the expression of GFP was different significantly in both types of vascular cells. The expression of GFP in HUVECs was higher than that in HITASY cells. Meanwhile, the expression of GFP in HITASY cells with 0.5% FBS was increased obviously compared to that in HITASY cells with 10% FBS. CONCLUSION: The reporter vectors of hCREG1 promoter are constructed successfully in which the core promoter region might be located in -945 bp-0 bp of 5′ upstream sequences. This study will provide an experimental basis for exploring the regulation of hCREG1 expression.