早熟丝瓜新品种攀杂丝瓜3号的选育

攀杂丝瓜3号新品种是以S8-6为母本,S3-1为父本育成的杂交一代新品种,该品种早熟且早期产量高、丰产性好,果实长圆柱形,果皮皱,外被少量白霜,平均单瓜质量282.1 g,长28.6 cm,粗4.9 cm,肉质细嫩,略带甜味,口感好,667 m2产量3 000 kg左右。     

禽致病性大肠杆菌Hcp2b对雏鸡气管黏膜细胞因子-细胞因子受体相互作用通路的影响

T6SS （type VI secretion system）是革兰阴性菌中常见的一种分泌系统,其效应蛋白Hcp2b作用机制迄今仍未明晰。本研究以禽致病性大肠杆菌（avian pathogenic Escherichia coli,APEC） Hcp2b蛋白为研究主体,旨在探究Hcp2b蛋白在APEC感染鸡气管黏膜过程中发挥的作用及机制。采用Red重组方法以质粒pKD3为模板构建hcp2b缺失株,pSTV-28质粒连接hcp2b目的片段构建重组载体,导入感受态Δhcp2b菌株构建回复株,并对Δhcp2b菌株的生长曲线进行测定。7日龄雏鸡气管感染hcp2b缺失株及野生株,感染后12、24 h收集鸡气管黏膜细胞进行转录组学测序及生物信息学分析。结果表明,hcp2b缺失株及回复株构建成功,hcp2b基因缺失对菌株的生长性能无影响。hcp2b基因缺失株感染气管黏膜后,mRNA的表达谱发生变化,感染后12 h,有144个基因表达量发生变化（上调差异基因87个,下调57个）;感染后24 h,有135个基因表达量发生变化（上调差异基因79个,下调56个）。生物信息学分析发现差异基因富集在Cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction、Protein processing in endoplasmic reticulum等信号通路。hcp2b基因缺失未影响APEC的生长特性,hcp2b基因缺失后影响雏鸡气管黏膜Cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction通路基因mRNA转录水平的变化,IL-1β、IL-12b的表达均上调。该结果为APEC的致病机制研究提供了理论依据。     

Betaine Alleviates Heat Stress-Induced Hepatic and Mitochondrial Oxidative Damage in Broilers

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of dietary betaine (BET) on growth performance, redox state, and related gene expression in broilers under heat stress (HS). A total of 144 21-day-old male broiler chickens with similar body weights were assigned randomly to three treatments with six replicates (eight chickens per replicate cage). Broilers in the control (CON) group were kept at thermoneutral (TN, 22±1°C) conditions and fed a basal diet until they were 42 days of age. Broilers in the other two groups (defined as HS and HS + BET) were exposed to HS (34±1°C, 8 h/day) and fed the basal diet without or with 1000 mg/kg BET, respectively. Rectal and cockscomb temperature of broilers was increased (P<0.05) in HS and HS + BET groups compared with the CON group, whereas there was no difference between HS and HS + BET groups. Dietary BET supplementation restored (P<0.05) average daily gain (ADG) and average daily feed intake (ADFI) of broilers and reversed (P<0.05) the increase in serum alanine transaminase (ALT) activity and malondialdehyde (MDA) content in the liver tissue of broilers under HS. The HS + BET group had higher (P<0.05) activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GPX) in the liver tissue and mitochondria than the HS group, and the same pattern was observed for glutathione (GSH) and GSH/glutathione disulphide (GSSG) in the liver tissue. The decreased mRNA levels of GPX1 and uncoupling protein (UCP) in the liver induced by HS were restored by BET supplementation. In conclusion, dietary BET supplementation can alleviate HS-induced hepatic and mitochondrial oxidative damage of broilers by regulating mRNA expressions of GPX1 and UCP.     

ADAMS虚拟实验在收获机滚筒动平衡中的应用

为了分析收获机滚筒动平衡引起的振动问题,在现场动平衡实验的基础上,结合理论分析,利用动力学仿真软件ADAMS建立了收获机滚筒的力学仿真模型,平衡后滚筒达到动平衡品质标准,从而为滚筒动平衡问题研究提供了一种新的方法,提高了计算精度和设计效率。     

谈森林采伐与生态平衡的关系

扼要论述了森林植物群落生态平衡问题,认为森林植物群落生态平衡是动态平衡,是相对平衡;这种平衡的动态和相对的特性允许采用合理方法利用森林植物资源。同时分析了合理利用的原则与措施。     

温家宝总理在京视察农产品批发市场时与海南瓜菜代表亲切交谈"以后北京没菜,我就找你"

2009年1月17日,新华社以<岁寒尤应念民生>为题,刊发了温家宝总理在京考察民生情况的通讯,通讯中生动记录了温总理与海南瓜菜代表黄栋的一段对话.黄栋一说起起这件事时,他就兴奋不已.     

水稻白叶枯病菌不亲和小种对水稻的诱导抗性和PR蛋白的初步研究

 水稻白叶枯病是水稻三大病害之一。近年来水稻白叶枯病分子遗传学方面取得了一些进展,但寄主水稻感抗机制的了解仍很有限。     

Extracorporeal perfusion of the sheep rumen]

We constructed a modified perfusion apparatus and elaborated a method of extracorporal perfusion of the rumen of sheep. As perfusates we used the bovine plasma diluted in a ratio of 1:1 of an isotonic sodium chloride (NaCl) solution and the whole autologous blood. Transaminases GOT and GPT, ammonia and pH were determined in the perfusate. The different perfusions were evaluated according to previously determined perfusion conditions and criteria. A subject for discussion is the question of suitability of the parameters under examination for judging the state of the perfused organ. The described method is suitable for the study of metabolical processes in the rumen wal.     

第五届中国(海口)荔枝龙眼交流订货会获得圆满成功

5月12日，为期两天的第五届中国（海口）荔枝龙眼交流订货会在海口会展中心圆满落幕。本届交流订货会，共签订荔枝龙眼订单86份，交易量58475吨（荔枝53535吨，龙小眼4940吨），交易额9．4亿元。其中出口订单16份，交易量13560吨，交易额4．1亿元。     

牛至油对肉仔鸡生长性能和胴体品质的影响

将150只1日龄、健康的艾维茵肉仔鸡随机分为5组,在其基础日粮中分别添加75、100、125、150 mg/kg的10%牛至油预混剂,饲喂6周.结果表明,牛至油可极显著提高肉仔鸡全期的增重速度(P＜0.01),改善料肉比(P＜0.01);试验组平均胸肌率和腿肌率显著高于对照组(P＜0.05),分别比对照组高8.93%、9.60%,试验组平均腹脂率比对照组平均低16.30%,差异极显著(P＜0.01).以生产性能和胴体品质为指标看,牛至油在肉仔鸡日粮中的适宜添加量为100 mg/kg.