Cefquinome Concentrations in Endometrium after Intrauterine Treatment of Cobactan 4.5%® in Mares and Inflammatory Response of the Endometrium to this Treatment

This study was conducted to measure the concentration of cefquinome in the endometrium of mares after intrauterine treatment and to evaluate associated inflammation. Mares (n = 14) were randomly assigned to one of the following groups: (i) control (n = 4) were either not treated (n = 2) or received (n = 2) lactated Ringer's intrauterine for 1 or 3 days; (ii) treated mares (n = 10) received intrauterine cefquinome for 1 or 3 days. After at least 10 days had passed following the last treatment and ovulation, mares were given Prostaglandin F2α (PGF2α) and were randomly assigned to an alternate treatment. Endometrial biopsy samples were taken at 2, 8, 24 and 48 h, or at 4, 12 and 36 h, after the last treatment. Biopsy samples were taken at the same time points from control mares (n = 2) and lactated Ringer-treated mares (n = 2). Cefquinome concentrations were quantified using a high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) assay and inflammation was assessed using haematoxylin and eosin (H&E)-stained sections. Concentrations of cefquinome [559 (1 day) and 595 μg/g (3 days) at 2 h, and 403 (1 day) and 370 μg/g (3 days) at 4 h] were similar between treatment groups at 2 and 4 h after treatment (p > 0.05). At 8 h, as well as at 24 and 48 h, concentrations were greater in the 3-day group (17 vs 301 μg/g, 3 vs 80 μg/g and 0.1 vs 0.2 μg/g, respectively) (p < 0.05). No significant differences (p > 0.05) in the inflammatory response at 2–48 h after treatment were found between groups.     

Differentiation of glycans in equine guttural pouches

The aim of this study was to investigate the carbohydrate composition of mucosubstances in the equine guttural pouches using conventional histochemical tests in conjunction with glycolytic digestion to degrade different classes of glycosoaminoglycans. In the goblet cells, the mucopolysaccharides contained chondroitin sulfate B, heparin, heparan sulfate and sialic acid residues. The acinar cells also expressed these substances (except for heparin), whereas the ductal cells produced chondroitin sulfate B and sialic acid. Neutral sugars were also found in each cell type. The diversity of the glycocomponents found in the auditory tube suggests that they may have important functional roles. Indeed, the glycosoaminoglycans provide a hydrophilic environment that prevents dehydration and desiccation of the guttural membranes during air passage. Additionally, these glycomolecules may be involved in the pathogenesis of some bacterial disease in horses, such as equine strangles.     

Comparison of acetate tape impression with squeezing versus skin scraping for the diagnosis of canine demodicosis

This study compared the sensitivity of acetate tape impression and skin squeezing with that of deep skin scraping for the diagnosis of demodicosis in dogs. Demodex canis was detected in 100% of acetate tape impressions obtained after skin squeezing and in 90% of deep skin scrapings. There was a significant difference (P < 0.001) between the techniques in the total number of mites detected. Acetate tape impression with skin squeezing was found to be more sensitive than deep skin scraping and is an alternative diagnostic method for canine demodicosis.     

Evaluation of Cluster Bean Meal Cyamposis fefrugonoloba as a Dietary Protein Source for Common Carp Cyprinus carpio L.

Abstract— A12-wk feeding experiment was conducted to study the feasibility of utilizing cluster bean seed meal (CBM) as a replacement for fishmeal in the diets for common carp Cyprnus carpio fingerlings. The replacement levels of cluster bean meal protein in the diets were 25, 50, 75, and 100% of the total fishmeal protein. All diets were isonitrogenous at 33.1% crude protein and isocaloric at 4.8 Kcal/g. There were significant differences in the final individual weights, weight gains, specific growth rates (SGR %/d), feed conversion ratios (FCR), feed efficiency ratio (FER), protein efficiency ratios (PER), and feed intake among fish group ( P × 0.05). Common carp fed the diet containing 50% (CBM) exhibited comparable growth to those fed a fishmeal-based diet. Digestibility of protein, energy and lipid decreased with increasing levels of CBM above 50% of total fishmeal replacement in the diet. Incorporation of CBM in diets significantly affected the dry matter, protein, and energy of whole fish body. These results suggest that CBM can replace 50% of the fishmeal in diet for common carp.     

Survival of Mycobacterium avium subsp paratuberculosis in amitraz cattle dip fluid

OBJECTIVE: To determine the survival time of Mycobacterium avium subsp paratuberculosis in amitraz-based cattle dip fluid derived from an active dip site in northern New South Wales. PROCEDURE: Following inoculation of triplicate 5 L containers with faeces (0.5 g/L) from a clinical case of bovine paratuberculosis, samples collected up to 8 weeks after inoculation were examined by conventional and radiometric culture. M a paratuberculosis colonies were enumerated on solid media. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS: M a paratuberculosis survived in amitraz cattle dip fluid for up to 2 weeks, but not 3 weeks. Where 1% of solids in dip fluid is derived from a clinical case of paratuberculosis, dip fluid may contain viable M a paratuberculosis for at least 2 weeks. These findings have implications for the management of cattle dip sites.     

两种人工栽培藏茵陈生物学特性的研究

通过椭圆叶花猫(Halenia elliptica D.Don)、四数獐牙菜(Swertia tetraptera maxim)的人工栽培试验表明:两种藏茵陈植物都为两年生草本,第一年仅以叶簇形态生枝条不伸长,只进行营养生长,生长第二年枝条才开始伸长,开花结实后完成生活史;两种藏茵陈播种时间都以秋播为宜,有利于自然通过低温春化作用打破种子休眠,促进翌年春天种子萌发,显著提高田间出苗率;两种藏茵陈通过人工栽培,其茎、叶都比野生植物生长高大、粗壮,可大幅提高生药产量,是保护珍稀野生植物资源的有效途径之一;两种藏茵陈50%以上的种子在土壤中有较长期的休眠特性,一般在一年中的春秋两季萌发,所以适当增加播种量第二年后可使田间一年、二年生植株同时生长,对生药生产可连年持续收获产品,免去了对土壤的耕、翻、耙、种等作业,从而可有效降低栽培成本。     

Effects of Gymnadenia Conopsea Polysaccharide Extract on Growth Performance,Antioxidant Function and Meat Quality of House-fed Mutton Sheep under Oxidative Stress

The purpose of this experiment was to study the effects of Gymnadenia conopsea polysaccharide (GCP) extract on growth performance, meat quality and antioxidant function house-fed mutton sheep under oxidative stress, so as to provide experimental basis for extensive research and development of Gymnadenia conopsea and its extracts. Twenty 6-month-old healthy male Small-Tailed Han sheep with body weight of (35.0 ±4.0) kg were randomly divided into two groups. The experimental group (n=10) and control group(n=10). The whole experiment lasted for 42 d and was divided into 3 periods: the first 15 days were the blank period; the middle 15 days were the treatment period; the last 12 days were the observation period ofter modeling. From the first day of the treatment period, the control group was fed with basal diet, and the experimental group was fed pellet basal diet containing 30 mg·kg^-1 GCP extract. On the 15th day of the treatment period, the sheep in each group were intraperitoneally injected with 10 mg·kg^-1 Diquat solution according to sheep body weight(BW), and then fed for another 12 days. On the 1 st, 15th, 30th, 33rd, 36th, 39th and 42nd morning of the whole experimental period, fasting weight and blood samples were collected before feeding. The serum was separated and the antioxidant indexes (SOD, GSH-Px, T-AOC, MDA) in serum were determined. On the 42nd day of the whole experimental period, 5 sheep randomly selected from each group were slaughtered and meat samples were collected to determine the meat quality. The results showed that the addition of GCP extract to the diet of the sheep could increase the average daily feed intake (P<0.05). When the body was subjected to oxidative stress, the indexes of daily gain and antioxidant enzymes recovered rapidly on experimental group, the mutton drip loss decreased significantly, and the mutton sheer force increased significantly(P<0.05). The results indicated that GCP extract could improve the growth performance of mutton sheep, and alleviated the decline of growth performance and antioxidant performance caused by oxidative stress, and had a certain effect of antioxidant stress.     

大果沙棘全光照喷雾嫩枝扦插育苗试验

在全光照自动喷雾条件下,对大果沙棘嫩枝插条采用IBA、NAA、ABT-l号、ABT-2号4种植物生长调节剂,各3种浓度梯度的浸泡处理2 h,可明显促进插条生根。在供试的13种处理中,IBA 100 m g.L-1处理效果最好,生根率可达到98.8%。     

黄土沟壑区旱地仁用杏品种不同花型的数量分布及遗传分析

对黄土沟壑区旱地条件下"龙王帽"、"白玉扁"的不同花型数量分布及遗传力进行了分析,结果表明:"龙王帽"的有效花比例高达91.8,具有较大的丰产潜力,宜作为旱地主栽品种;"白玉扁"有效花比例仅为41.2,雌蕊败育率较高,丰产潜力小,仅宜作为授粉品种;花型主要受遗传因素控制(遗传力高达0.99),环境影响较小.     

沙芥愈伤组织培养的初步研究

采用沙芥种子作为无菌外植体来源时,以0.1升汞消毒10～12min的效果较好.下胚轴和子叶均在MS+2,4-D 0.01 mg·L-1+NAA 2 mg·L-1+6-BA 0.5 mg·L-1+3.0蔗糖+0.5琼脂(pH5.8)中可诱导出愈伤组织.愈伤组织的最佳继代培养基为MS+NAA 2mg·L-1+KT0.5 mg·L-1+3.0蔗糖+0.5琼脂(pH5.8).