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91.
Qablan MA Sloboda M Jirků M Oborník M Dwairi S Amr ZS Hořín P Lukeš J Modrý D 《Veterinary parasitology》2012,186(3-4):456-460
DNA of two species of piroplasmids was detected in dromedaries during a survey of blood protozoans in Jordan between 2007 and 2009. Ten clinically healthy camels (10%) originating from three Jordanian districts were found, using a PCR assay, to harbor Theileria or Babesia species in their blood and no mix infection was determined. Analysis of the partial 18S rRNA gene sequences of these parasites allowed their unambiguous identification as equine piroplasmids Babesia caballi (n=6) and Theileria equi (n=4). In case of latter species, a novel genotype was found in horses. This first molecular-based species determination of piroplasmids from camels further contributes to the growing evidence of low host specificity of piroplasmids. 相似文献
92.
Antigen B (AgB) is a major protein produced by the metacestode cyst of Echinococcus granulosus, the causative agent of cystic hydatid disease. E. granulosus AgB is a gene family of at least five gene loci (B1-B5), each one consisting of several minor variants. We used PCR-SSCP followed by DNA sequencing to evaluate sequence variation and polymorphism of AgB1 in 99 isolates which the 43 were from cattle, 25 of sheep and 31 of human. All samples were analyzed with 12S rRNA-PCR for the strain detection and all of were identified as G1-G3 cluster (E. granulosus sensu stricto). The 16 human, 35 cattle and 25 sheep isolates were yielded the 102 bp band by PCR and these samples were tested by SSCP. As results of the SSCP, different band profiles were detected one each of cattle and human isolates while the other 74 isolates showed same band patterns. The DNA sequence analysis was performed for these two isolates and the other selected 4 isolates and polymorphism was confirmed. 相似文献
93.
Rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) developed a post-infectious chronic membranous glomerulonephritis 15 months after they had been experimentally infected with Renibacterium salmoninarum. Histologically, peritubular and periglomerular fibrosis, hypercellular glomeruli with occluded Bowman's space, and partial or complete adhesion to Bowman's capsule were constant features. Electron microscopy revealed thickened glomerular basement membranes with spikes accompanied by finely granular electron-dense deposits at the epithelial side and dense material in the mesangial matrix. Indirect immunofluorescence indicated linear immunoglobulin deposits along the glomerular basement membrane. The presence of R. salmoninarum was demonstrated by culture and by indirect immunofluorescence. Low serum hemagglutination-inhibiting antibody titers were demonstrated. 相似文献
94.
The absorption and metabolism of topical doses of carbaryl by larvae of the gypsy moth, Lymantria dispar (L.), were determined using 14C-ring-labeled material. Carbaryl penetration followed four distinct phases of linear absorption, i.e., 0–5 min, 5–60 min, 1–3 hr, and 3–12 hr; the absorption rates for the four phases were 2.8, 0.57, 0.07, and 0.02% per minute, respectively. Ninety percent of the total metabolism of carbaryl occurred within the first 3 hr; over the next 9 hr, metabolism was exceedingly slow with a linear rate of ca. 0.8% per hour. Carbaryl was always the major radiocarbon in the larvae and the feces, amounting to ca. 16 and 9%, respectively, at 12 hr. At 12 hr the metabolite composition was 5-hydroxy carbaryl >N-hydroxy carbaryl > 1-naphthol > 4-hydroxy carbaryl > 5,6-dihydro-5,6-dihydroxy carbaryl. Small amounts of an additional product were detected but not identified. Much of the excretion of carbaryl and metabolites occurred without conjugation. The amounts of carbaryl metabolized by second, third, fourth, and fifth instars were directly correlated with the insecticide tolerances and mixed-function oxidase activity of the various larval stages. The synergistic action of 2,6-dichlorobenzyl-2-propynyl ether and piperonyl butoxide was also correlated with inhibition of the oxidative pathway. 相似文献
95.
Olive mill wastewater (OMW) is a rich source of antifungal agents and has a merit as alternative to synthetic fungicides.
To develop disease control agents against Botrytis cinerea, a hydroxytyrosol-rich (29.27% weight:dry weight) olive mill wastewater (HROMW) and a hydroxytyrosol-rich (52.67% weight:dry
weight) extract (HRE) were prepared from fresh OMW using hydrolysis and post-hydrolysis purification processes. The HROMW
and HRE showed strong fungicidal activity against B. cinerea with minimal fungicidal concentrations (MFCs) of 14.36–28.72 and 28.72–57.44 mg l−1 (dry weight), respectively. According to EN 1275: 1997 standard method, HROMW and HRE at 1.25% (dry weight:volume) showed
powerful disinfectant properties resulting in a reduction in the viability of B. cinerea spores by >4 log units after 30 min of contact time. The HROMW or HRE foliar spray treatments, of the B. cinerea inoculated tomato plants, resulted in disease control percentage of 95 and 91%, respectively, whereas 70% was conferred by
benomyl treatment. Although, HRE possessed a similar disease severity reduction than HROMW, it showed great advantage by fortifying
plants and by improving their growth and healthy aspect. Indeed, HRE-treated plants showed significantly better: (i) plant
height (146.2 and 130.5%), (ii) average stem diameter (135% and 110%), (iii) leaf number (163.6 and 128.5%), and (iv) leaf
colour (chlorophyll a content) (144.4 and 103%) than benomyl-treated and non-treated plants, respectively. This study revealed
that HRE offers a natural and effective extract to control grey mould. 相似文献
96.
Valéria Sandra de Oliveira Costa Sami Jorge Michereff Ricardo Brainer Martins Carlos Alberto Tuão Gava Eduardo Seiti Gomide Mizubuti Marcos Paz Saraiva Câmara 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》2010,127(4):509-519
The aim of the present study was to assess diversity in the Botryosphaeriaceae on trees and fruit of mango (Mangifera indica L.) in a semi-arid region in northeastern Brazil in which most exported fruit in the country are produced. Using morphological characteristics and DNA sequence data (ITS-1, ITS-2 and 5.8S rDNA) we confirmed the presence of Lasiodiplodia theobromae in the region, and for the first time report Fusicoccum aesculi and Neofusicoccum parvum. L. theobromae was prevalent in the Assú Valley and F. aesculi and N. parvum were in the São Francisco Valley. In fruit inoculations, L. theobromae and N. parvum were more virulent than F. aesculi. 相似文献
97.
Two new coumarin glycosides, named Rhodonin (1) and Rhodonetin (2) were isolated from the aerial parts of Rhododendron lepidotum. 相似文献
98.
Elisa González-Domínguez Ricardo Brainer Martins Emerson Medeiros Del Ponte Sami Jorge Michereff José García-Jiménez Josep Armengol 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》2014,139(2):413-422
A standard area diagram set (SAD) to aid visual assessment of loquat scab (caused by Fusicladium eriobotryae) severity on fruit was developed and evaluated for improving accuracy, precision and reliability of visual estimates. The SAD set contains eight black and white diagrams of diseased fruit with severity values from 2 % to 98 %. To evaluate the SADs, a group of 20 raters (comprising 10 ‘experienced’ and 10 ‘inexperienced’ raters) assessed the same set of 50 images three times, the first without SADs and the second and third using the SADs as an aid. Only for the group of inexperienced raters did SADs significantly improve accuracy (bias correction factor, C b?=?0.93 without SADs and 0.98 with SADs), precision (correlation coefficient, r?=?0.88 without SADs and r?=?0.96 with SADs) and overall agreement (Lin’s concordance correlation coefficient, ρ c?=?0.82 without SADs and ρc with SADs = 0.95) of the estimates. Accuracy and precision of the estimates by inexperienced raters were significantly higher than those obtained by the experienced raters, especially for the second assessment with SADs. Inter-rater reliability was improved when SADs were used by inexperienced raters, whereas a high degree of intra-rater reliability was obtained by both experienced and inexperienced raters when using SADs. The SADs developed in this study were useful for obtaining more accurate, precise and reliable assessments of loquat scab for inexperienced raters, and should be used as an aid for assessing scab in epidemiological studies or monitoring for decision-making purposes. 相似文献
99.
Ullah Sami Assiri Mohammed Ali Bustam Mohamad Azmi Al-Sehemi Abdullah G. Abdul Kareem Firas A. Irfan Ahmad 《Paddy and Water Environment》2020,18(2):455-468
Paddy and Water Environment - The use of low-cost adsorbents produced from rice husks that can selectively remove zinc (II) ion from wastewater effluent has been investigated. The disorder and... 相似文献
100.
Alkhadher Sadeq A. A. Kadir Aeslina Abdul Zakaria Mohamad Pauzi Adel Al-Gheethi Magam Sami M. S. Masood Najat 《Journal of Soils and Sediments》2020,20(8):3230-3242
Journal of Soils and Sediments - Molecular organic markers are an effective tool to detect the adverse effects of anthropogenic inputs in the aquatic environment. Linear alkylbenzenes (LABs) are... 相似文献