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101.
Seco-chaetomugilins A and D were isolated from a strain of Chaetomium globosum that was originally isolated from the marine fish Mugil cephalus, and their absolute stereostructures were elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic analyses, including 1D and 2D NMR techniques, along with the chemical transformation from known chaetomugilins A and D. Seco-chaetomugilin D exhibited growth inhibitory activity against cultured P388, HL-60, L1210, and KB cells. 相似文献
102.
Yuna Han Gen Kaneko Reiko Nagasaka Hidehiro Kondo Ikuo Hirono Shin-Ichiro Takahashi Shugo Watabe Hideki Ushio 《Fisheries Science》2013,79(1):143-148
Adiponectin is one of the adipokines secreted mainly from adipocytes in mammals. In rainbow trout, however, adiponectin is highly expressed in skeletal muscle. Although it has been suggested that fish skeletal muscle contains adipocytes, their endocrine function and distribution are poorly understood. Recently, an EST analysis of rainbow trout found that heart-type fatty acid binding protein (H-FABP), a member of the intracellular fatty acid binding protein family, encodes an adipose-specific gene. In this study, we produced anti-adiponectin and H-FABP antibodies and investigated the distribution of adipocytes and related cells in skeletal muscle of rainbow trout. The adiponectin signal was detected at around 75 kDa in muscle in Western blotting. Since the molecular mass of rainbow trout adiponectin is around 25 kDa, this 75 kDa band would be a trimer. For H-FABP, the signal band was detected at around 15 kDa. Immunohistochemistry of skeletal muscle sections indicated that adiponectin and H-FABP signals were present outside of muscle cells and throughout the muscle tissues, suggesting the existence of adipocyte-related cells in these regions. These results will contribute to our understanding of energy metabolism in fish skeletal muscle. 相似文献
103.
Takashi Kuda Reiko Tanibe Mayumi Mori Harumi Take Toshihide Michihata Toshihiro Yano Hajime Takahashi Bon Kimura 《Fisheries Science》2009,75(6):1499-1506
Aji-no-susu is a Japanese fermented fish product prepared from salted horse mackerel Trachurus japonicus, and cooked rice. We studied the organic acid and free amino acid contents and microflora in 12 aji-no-susu products to clarify their features as a lactic-acid-fermented food. Salinity of the samples was approximately 7.0% (rice
portion) and 6.0% (fish portion) (w/w). Water activity was approximately 0.9, and pH was approximately 4.4 and lower. In the
rice portions, lactic acid content was very high (57 mg/g sample). The predominant amino acids were alanine (2.3 mg/g rice
portion) and lysine (2.1 mg/g). In the case of long-fermented (4 and 12 months) aji-no-susu, a high content of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA, 1.5 and 1.4 mg/g) was detected. Total viable counts in rice and fish portions
were 7.7 and 7.4 log colony-forming units (cfu)/g, respectively. The number of lactobacilli in the rice and fish portions
was 7.3 and 7.1 log cfu/g, respectively. Yeasts were detected in eight samples. Furthermore, acid-tolerant lactic acid bacteria
(LAB) (Lactobacillus plantarum), GABA-producing LAB (Lactobacillus sp.), and halophilic or halo-tolerant yeast (Debaryomyces hansenii) were isolated and identified. Results in this study indicate that aji-no-susu is a typical traditional lactic-acid-fermented fish product. 相似文献
104.
Reiko Nagasaka Takamitsu Kazama Hideki Ushio Hiroshi Sakamoto Kenichi Sakamoto Shuichi Satoh 《Fisheries Science》2011,77(3):431-437
Japanese people consume crop bran, which contains relatively high amounts of gamma-oryzanol (ORZ), as foodstuffs and food
materials. We have recently confirmed that ORZ inhibits NF-κB activation, activates peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor
gamma (PPARγ), and increases plasma adiponectin levels. ORZ is therefore expected to improve lipid and carbohydrate metabolisms
and various inflammatory diseases, i.e., metabolic syndrome including type 2 diabetes. ORZ administration also allowed fish,
such as rainbow trout, yellowtail, and red sea bream, to accumulate protein through enhancement of lipid and carbohydrate
metabolisms. In the present study, we have investigated ORZ accumulation levels in mouse and rainbow trout administered ORZ-containing
feed. Although mouse muscle and liver hardly contained ORZ, muscle tissues of every fish species accumulated higher amounts
of ORZ. These findings suggest that rainbow trout, red sea bream, and yellowtail accumulate ORZ in muscle. 相似文献
105.
Takashi Ito Reiko Hayase Shingo Kawai Hideo Ohashi Takayoshi Higuchi 《Journal of Wood Science》2002,48(3):216-221
The enzymatically dehydrogenative polymerization of coniferyl aldehyde and coniferyl alcohol was studied to understand lignins in cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenase (CAD)-downregulated plants. The sample dimers were prepared by polymerization under three reaction systems (coniferyl alcohol, coniferyl aldehyde, and their combination) with horseradish peroxidase/H2O2 under the conditions of limited reaction time. In addition, the residual amount of substrate in each reaction was determined at specified time intervals. In the reaction system of coniferyl aldehyde, the 5-5-type dimer was formed in preference to- and-5 dimers; in the reaction system of coniferyl alcohol the-5 dimer was preferentially formed. Furthermore, it was revealed when quantifying dimers among reaction systems that the total dimer formation capability of coniferyl alcohol clearly surpassed that of coniferyl aldehyde. However, the dimers cross-coupled with coniferyl alcohol and coniferyl aldehyde were formed in amounts not accounted for by the difference seen in dimer formation abilities with the two substrates.Part of this paper was presented at the 49th Annual Meeting of the Japan Wood Research Society, Tokyo, April 1999 相似文献
106.
The somatic chromosomes of standard indica diploid rice, IR 36, were squashed on glass slides and stained with Giemsa. The condensation patterns (CP) of prometaphase
chromosomes were quantitatively analysed using CHIAS III software. The relative length and centromeric index (CI) were converted
from CHIAS III to numerical data and calculated by EXCEL program. The ideogram based on CP of indica rice was established. There were 2 pairs of satellite chromosomes and the result was confirmed by fluorescence in situ hybridization using 45S rDNA as a probe.
This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
107.
Takayoshi MASUKO Kousaku SOUMA Hirofumi KUDO Yukari TAKASAKI Emi FUKUI Reiko KITAZAWA Rikihiro NISHIDA Toshimitsu NIIDA Teiji SUZUKI Akio NIBE 《Animal Science Journal》2011,82(4):580-586
Feeding sites for wild Yeso sika deer around Lake Akan, Japan, were established. Effects on the number of deer using the feeding sites, the prevention of bark stripping damage, the amount of feeding, and eating time in a 5‐year period (1999–2003) were evaluated. The number of deer using feeding sites increased with years during the feeding period. The damaged tree ratio after the initiation of feeding markedly decreased compared with 16.5% before the initiation of feeding. After the start of feeding, there were no trees with damage the entire circumference. According to tree species, the number of damaged trees of Ulmus laciniata Mayr as a percentage of all investigated trees was high (5.2%). The total amount of beet pulp feeding increased with the feeding year, showing 4.5‐fold increase. At feeding sites in deer culling, eating behavior was observed during the night. The preventive effects on bark stripping damage continued during the 5‐year feeding period. However, with the course of feeding years, the number of deer using feeding sites and the level of feeding increased. 相似文献
108.
109.
110.
Begum NA Kinoshita K Kakazu N Muramatsu M Nagaoka H Shinkura R Biniszkiewicz D Boyer LA Jaenisch R Honjo T 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2004,305(5687):1160-1163
Activation-induced cytidine deaminase (AID) is required for the DNA cleavage step in immunoglobulin class switch recombination (CSR). AID is proposed to deaminate cytosine to generate uracil (U) in either mRNA or DNA. In the second instance, DNA cleavage depends on uracil DNA glycosylase (UNG) for removal of U. Using phosphorylated histone gamma-H2AX focus formation as a marker of DNA cleavage, we found that the UNG inhibitor Ugi did not inhibit DNA cleavage in immunoglobulin heavy chain (IgH) locus during CSR, even though Ugi blocked UNG binding to DNA and strongly inhibited CSR. Strikingly, UNG mutants that had lost the capability of removing U rescued CSR in UNG-/- B cells. These results indicate that UNG is involved in the repair step of CSR yet by an unknown mechanism. The dispensability of U removal in the DNA cleavage step of CSR requires a reconsideration of the model of DNA deamination by AID. 相似文献