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61.
Atsushi KOJIMA Nanako OSAWA Mami OBA Yukie KATAYAMA Tsutomu OMATSU Tetsuya MIZUTANI 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2022,84(2):244
Macrorhabdus ornithogaster (MO) is an infectious fungus that causes gastric damage in birds. In this study, we established nested and seminested polymerase chain reaction (PCR) methods that specifically amplify the domain D1/D2 region (D1/D2) of 26S ribosomal DNA (rDNA), internal transcribed spacer (ITS) of rDNA, and intergenic spacer (IGS) 1 region from avian feces. Phylogenetic analysis of MO collected from Japanese pet birds showed little genetic variation; analysis based on these regions did not distinguish between host species order, differences in MO shape, or host gastrointestinal symptoms. These regions were found to be unsuitable for molecular epidemiological studies of MO and further investigation into other genetic regions is required. 相似文献
62.
Kazuhiro KOJIMA James K. CHAMBERS Ayano ISHII Kazuhito SEGAWA Kazuyuki UCHIDA 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2022,84(2):213
An 8-year 8-month-old castrated male Munchkin presented with vomiting, anorexia and hypoactivity. Computed tomography revealed excessive gas accumulation within the intestinal lumen and gas bubbles in the liver, spleen, and portal venous system, indicating hepatic portal venous gas. The cat died without any significant improvement, and mild splenomegaly was found at necropsy. Histologically, multiple gas vacuoles were diffusely observed in the liver and spleen. In the stomach, multiple gas vacuoles and scattered focal ulcers were detected within the mucosa. Multifocal hemorrhage was noted in the small and large intestines, whereas gas vacuoles were not present. Based on these findings, a gastric ulcer under high gas pressure may have provided an entry point for gas into the portal venous system. 相似文献
63.
Sho SATO Toshikiyo TAKAHASHI Hiroshi NISHINOMIYA Makiko KATOH Ryu ITOH Masaki YOKOO Mari YOKOO Momoe IHA Yuki MORI Kano KASUGA Ikuo KOJIMA Masayuki KOBAYASHI 《Animal Science Journal》2012,83(3):260-262
Fibroblast growth factor 4 (FGF4) is considered as a crucial gene for the proper development of bovine embryos. However, the complete nucleotide sequences of the structural genes encoding FGF4 in identified breeds are still unknown. In the present study, direct sequencing of PCR products derived from genomic DNA samples obtained from three Japanese Black, two Japanese Shorthorn and three Holstein cattle, revealed that the nucleotide sequences of the structural gene encoding FGF4 matched completely among these eight cattle. On the other hand, differences in the nucleotide sequences, leading to substitutions, insertions or deletions of amino acid residues were detected when compared with the already reported sequence from unidentified breeds. We cannot rule out a possibility that the structural gene elucidated in the present study is widely distributed in cattle. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first determination of the complete nucleotide sequence of the structural gene encoding bovine FGF4 in identified breeds. 相似文献
64.
Masahiko Ishida Masayasu Nagata Takayoshi Ohara Tomohiro Kakizaki Katunori Hatakeyama Takeshi Nishio 《Breeding Science》2012,62(1):63-70
To reveal varietally differing glucosinolate (GSL) contents in radish (Raphanus sativus L.) cultivated in Japan, the total and individual GSLs of 28 cultivars were analyzed using high-performance liquid chromatography. In these cultivars, GSL types including three aliphatic GSLs (glucoraphenin, glucoerucin, and 4-methylthio-3-butenyl GSL (4MTB-GSL)) and three indolyl GSLs (4-hydroxyglucobrassicin, glucobrassicin, and 4-methoxy-glucobrassicin) were detected. No cultivar-specific type of GSL was identified. The dominant GSL was 4MTB-GSL, but its contents differed remarkably: 8.6 μmol/g in ‘Koushin’ to 135.7 μmol/g in ‘Karami 199’. Over about 90% of all GSLs in Japanese radish type are 4MTB-GSL, a higher percentage than in Chinese or European garden radish cultivars. A simple, rapid method for estimating total GSL contents in crude extracts was established because of the small variation of glucosinolate composition in Japanese cultivars. The total GSL content can be estimated using an equation for prediction with absorbance at 425 nm in a mixture of GSL crude extract and palladium (II) chloride solution: Total GSL (μmol/g) = 305.47 × A425 − 29.66. Its coefficient of determination (R2) and standard error of prediction (SEP) are 0.968 and 8.052. This method enables total GSL content estimation from more than 200 samples per person per day. 相似文献
65.
Yoshitake Takada Ippei Tayama Takashi Sayama Hiroko Sasama Masayasu Saruta Akio Kikuchi Masao Ishimoto Chigen Tsukamoto 《Breeding Science》2012,61(5):639-645
Saponins are sterols or triterpene glycosides that are widely distributed in plants. The biosynthesis of soybean saponins is thought to involve many kinds of glycosyltransferases, which is reflected in their structural diversity. Here, we performed linkage analyses of the Sg-3 and Sg-4 loci, which may control the sugar chain composition at the C-3 sugar moieties of the soybean saponin aglycones soyasapogenols A and B. The Sg-3 locus, which controls the production of group A saponin Af, was mapped to chromosome (Chr-) 10. The Sg-4 locus, which controls the production of DDMP saponin βa, was mapped to Chr-1. To elucidate the preference of sugar chain formation at the C-3 and C-22 positions, we analyzed the F2 population derived from a cross between a mutant variety, Kinusayaka (sg-10), for the sugar chain structure at C-22 position, and Mikuriya-ao (sg-3), with respect to the segregation of the composition of the group A saponins, and found that the formation of these sugar chains was independently regulated. Furthermore, a novel saponin, predicted to be A0-γg, 3-O-[β-d-galactopyranosyl (1→2)-β-d-glucuronopyranosyl]-22-O-α-l-arabinopyranosyl-soyasapogenol A, appeared in the hypocotyl of F2 individuals with genotype sg-10/sg-10
sg-3/sg-3. 相似文献
66.
Rika FUKUMORI Akinori YOKOTANI Toshihisa SUGINO Fumiaki ITOH Shiro KUSHIBIKI Hiroyuki SHINGU Naoko MORIYA Yoshihisa HASEGAWA Masayasu KOJIMA Kenji KANGAWA Taketo OBITSU Kohzo TANIGUCHI 《Animal Science Journal》2011,82(2):267-273
To investigate the effects of amino acids on ghrelin‐induced growth hormone (GH), insulin and glucagon secretion in lactating dairy cattle, six Holstein cows were randomly assigned to two infusion treatments in a cross‐over design. Mixture solution of amino acids (AMI) or saline (CON) was continuously infused into the left side jugular vein via catheter for 4 h. At 2 h after the start of infusion, synthetic bovine ghrelin was single injected into the right side jugular vein through the catheter. Ghrelin injection immediately increased plasma GH, glucose and non‐esterified fatty acids (P < 0.05) with no difference between both treatments. Additionally, plasma insulin and glucagon concentrations were increased by ghrelin injection in both treatments. The peak value of plasma insulin concentration was greater in AMI compared with CON (P < 0.05). Plasma glucagon concentration showed no difference in the peak value reached at 5 min between both treatments, and then the plasma levels in AMI compared with CON showed sustained higher values (P < 0.05). After plasma glucose concentration reached the peak, the decline was greater in AMI compared with CON (P < 0.05). These results showed that the increased plasma amino acids may enhance ghrelin action which in turn enhances insulin and glucagon secretions in lactating cows. 相似文献
67.
Parimal MAJUMDER Hidenari SHIOIRI Masayuki NOZUE Mineo KOJIMA 《Journal of General Plant Pathology》2001,67(2):124-133
A mutant (M-1) was isolated by transposon (Tn5) insertion mutagenesis of Agrobacterium tumefaciens (strain A-208, C58 chromosome, nopaline type T37 pTi, virulent). The M-1 mutant exhibited a complete avirulent phenotype on
Kalanchoe daigremontiana leaf and Kalanchoe pinnata stem but a very attenuated virulent phenotype on root of Daucus carota. The mutant had one insertion of Tn5 in pTi. A wild-type target segment (2.3 kb) that included the site of Tn5 insertion in M-1 mutant was cloned. Introducing the 2.3 kb segment into M-1 complemented completely the avirulent phenotype,
producing galls as big as strain A-208. The 2.3 kb segment was sequenced, identifying three open reading frames, ORF 1 (354
bp), ORF 2 (261 bp) and ORF 3 (801 bp) in the segment. A Tn5 was inserted between the third and fourth nucleotide of ORF 1 in M-1. The ORF 1 had no homology to any reported genes and
thus was named the abvA gene. The ORF 3 had the high homology (identities 44%, positive 68%) to the gene of the sarcosine oxidase β subunit (accession no. sp/P40875). Introduction of the DNA segment (743 bp) containing the abvA gene and its promoter region into M-1 partially complemented the avirulent phenotype of the mutant, producing galls smaller
than strain A-208. The abvA gene was distributed not only on nopaline-type pTi (T37) but also on octopine-type pTi (A6NC) and chromosome (C58) of A. tumefaciens. M-1, being avirulent on K. daigremontiana and K. pinnata, had a Tn5 insertion only in the abvA gene on pTi but not in the abvA gene on the chromosome, implying that the abvA gene on the chromosome in strain A-208 is not functional. A binary vector, pIG121-Hm, containing the β -glucuronidase (GUS) gene with an intron was introduced into M-1, which was then applied to leaves of K. daigremontiana to assay GUS activity for monitoring T-DNA transfer to the host nucleus. High GUS activity comparable to that in strain A-208
was detected in M-1 in spite of its inability to induce galls, suggesting that M-1 can transfer T-DNA into the host nucleus,
but cannot integrate it into the chromosome.
Received 25 October 2000/ Accepted in revised form 28 December 2000 相似文献
68.
Nucleotide sequence of myostatin gene and its developmental expression in skeletal muscles of Japanese Black cattle 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Masahiro SHIBATA Kazunaga OHSHIMA Takatoshi KOJIMA Takayuki MURAMOTO Kazunori MATSUMOTO Masanori KOMATSU Katsuhiro AIKAWA Shinobu FUJIMURA Motoni KADOWAKI 《Animal Science Journal》2003,74(5):383-390
Myostatin, a member of the transforming growth factor‐β superfamily, is a well known negative regulator of skeletal muscle growth. In the present study, the 6660 bp nucleotide sequence of the myostatin gene in Japanese Black cattle (JBC), including the entire coding region of 1128 bp, was determined. The amino acid sequence deduced from the nucleotide sequence of JBC was well conserved with its sequence of other cattle, although it was found that an Α→G transition at nucleotide position 641 results in the substitution of asparagine by serine at amino acid position 214. In order to examine the expression pattern of the myostatin gene in the skeletal muscles of JBC, its expression in three skeletal muscles, Semitendinosus (ST) muscle, Biceps femoris muscle and Longissimus lumborum muscle, of fetal and calf stages was analyzed by real time polymerase chain reaction. The highest level of the myostatin expression was observed in the fetal stage. In calf stages the highest expression was observed in ST muscle compared with the other two muscles. These results suggest that a higher expression of myostatin gene, especially in the fetal stage and in ST muscle during calf stages, is involved in the arrest in skeletal muscle growth and that its functional domains and genomic structure in JBC are well conserved with those in other mammals. 相似文献
69.
In vitro development of OPU‐derived bovine embryos cultured either individually or in groups with the silk protein sericin and the viability of frozen‐thawed embryos after transfer
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Tomohiro Isobe Yoshihisa Ikebata Lanh Thi Kim Do Fuminori Tanihara Masayasu Taniguchi Takeshige Otoi 《Animal Science Journal》2015,86(7):661-665
The optimization of single‐embryo culture conditions is very important, particularly in the in vitro production of bovine embryos using the ovum pick‐up (OPU) procedure. The purpose of this study was to examine the development of embryos derived from oocytes obtained by OPU that were cultured either individually or in groups in medium supplemented with or without sericin and to investigate the viability of the frozen‐thawed embryos after a direct transfer. When two‐cell‐stage embryos were cultured either individually or in groups for 7 days in CR1aa medium supplemented with or without 0.5% sericin, the rates of development to blastocysts and freezable blastocysts were significantly lower for the embryos cultured individually without sericin than for the embryos cultured in groups with or without sericin. Moreover, the rate of development to freezable blastocysts of the embryos cultured individually with sericin was significantly higher than that of the embryos cultured without sericin. When the frozen‐thawed embryos were transferred directly to recipients, the rates of pregnancy, abortion, stillbirth and normal calving in the recipients were similar among the groups, irrespective of the culture conditions and sericin supplementation. Our findings indicate that supplementation with sericin during embryo culture improves the quality of the embryos cultured individually but not the viability of the frozen‐thawed embryos after transfer to recipients. 相似文献
70.
Taniguchi M Ikeda A Arikawa E Wongsrikeao P Agung B Naoi H Nagai T Otoi T 《The Journal of reproduction and development》2007,53(4):963-969
In this study the efficacy of the combination of glycerol (GLY) and ethylene glycol (EG) as cryoprotectants in a vitrification method developed for direct embryo transfer was evaluated by in vitro development of in vitro fertilized (IVF) and somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) embryos after vitrification. The IVF and SCNT blastocysts were vitrified in either 40% GLY, 30% GLY + 10% EG, or 20% GLY + 20% EG using French straws. After warming, the straws were held vertically for 1 min without shaking and were then placed horizontally for 5 min to dilute the cryoprotectants. After washing, the vitrified-warmed embryos were cultured in vitro for 72 h. There were no differences among the vitrification solutions with respect to the rates of vitrified-warmed IVF and SCNT embryos surviving and developing to the hatched blastocyst stage. However, the rates of development to the hatched blastocyst stage of the SCNT embryos vitrified with 40% GLY tended to be higher than those vitrified with 30% GLY + 10% EG or 20% GLY + 20% EG (26% vs. 7-8%, respectively). The development rates to the hatched blastocyst stage of the IVF and SCNT embryos vitrified with solution containing EG were significantly lower (P<0.05) than those of non-vitrified embryos. These results suggest that use of the combination of GLY and EG as cryoprotectants had no beneficial effect on the viability of embryos after in-straw dilution. However, this method is so simple that it can be used for practical direct transfer of vitrified embryos in the field. 相似文献