食用菌富集重金属特征及污染评价

通过对几种主要食用菌中Pb、Cd、Hg、As和Cr等重金属的检测,结果表明:食用菌干制品中Pb、Cd、Hg、As和Cr的最高含量分别为0.008、0.529、0.002、0.347和17.52 mg/kg;鲜制品中Pb、Cd、Hg、As和Cr的最高含量分别为0.013、0.543、0.002 6、2.775和15.89 mg/kg。采用单因子污染指数法和内梅罗污染指数法,评价了食用菌中的重金属污染状况。研究表明,被测食用菌中重金属污染主要是Hg,其中鲜制品污染比干制品严重。     

超临界CO_2流体萃取技术提取核桃油的研究

以新鲜的核桃仁为原料 ,研究了在超临界状态下物料的粉碎度、萃取压力、萃取温度、萃取时间对核桃油萃取效果的影响。结果表明 ,超临界 CO2 流体萃取核桃油的最佳工艺条件为粉碎度 3 0目、萃取压强 3 0 MPa、萃取温度 4 5℃、萃取时间 5 h,此条件下核桃油的萃取率可达 93 .98%。     

专题 装载机新型车架铰接系统的研究 装载机新旧铰接系统轴承的对比分析

对装载机新旧铰接系统轴承进行了对比分析,研究了转向铰采用滚子轴承时的承载能力。该方法可直接用于铰接系统轴承的设计。     

甬台温海岸带景观格局及生态脆弱性时空演变特征

[目的]分析浙江省宁波市、台州市及温州市的海岸带土地利用景观格局及生态脆弱性演变特征,以促进海岸带地区可持续发展,为生态建设及修复提供理论支撑。[方法]基于甬台温海岸带1995—2015年三期土地利用数据,采用"压力度—敏感度—恢复力"评价模型对研究区进行景观类型脆弱度和生态脆弱度评测。[结果]①景观格局变化表现为:耕地面积减少最多,其次为滩涂和林地;建设用地面积增加最多;耕地、林地斑块数量增多,呈破碎化趋势。②生态脆弱度高区域集中在杭州湾南岸的余姚市、慈溪市和台州湾的路桥区,20 a来研究区高脆弱度区域增多,整体生态脆弱度增加。③区域生态脆弱度与扰动指数、破碎度呈显著正相关,和景观脆弱度指数则完全相关。[结论]甬台温海岸带景观类型变化明显,生态脆弱性增强。     

B-cell immunoblastic lymphoma with multinucleated giant cells in a cat

A 10-year-old male mixed breed cat died after six months history of intermittent vomiting and weight loss. At necropsy, large white-colored foci were found in both kidneys, and whitish thickening of the gastric wall was present at the pyloric part of the stomach. Histopathological examination revealed that both lesions consisted of proliferation of large-sized neoplastic lymphocytes intermingled with multinucleated giant cells. Immunohistochemically, the neoplastic cells were positive for both B-cell antigen receptor complex (CD 79 alpha cy) and MHC class II, although multinucleated giant cells were negative. The present case was diagnosed as B-cell immunoblastic lymphoma with multinucleated giant cells.     

Ribavirin, a nucleoside with potential insecticidal activity

BACKGROUND: The triazole-based antiviral nucleoside ribavirin exhibited significant in vitro insecticidal effects against Spodoptera litura, a finding that has prompted further investigations into its in vivo insecticidal properties and mode of action against this insect pest. RESULTS: Ribavirin showed delayed insecticidal effects on third-instar larvae of S. litura at a concentration of 1 mg mL⁻¹. When incorporated into an artificial diet, ribavirin caused various effects, depending on the concentration used. Compared with controls, food intake was lower, larval growth was reduced and larval development prolonged. Pupae weight was reduced, and adult morphology was also affected. Relative to the untreated group, treated groups showed higher mortality at larval and pupal stages, which was generally caused by moult disruption. Results of this study with ribavirin resemble those found in treatment with insect growth regulators. CONCLUSION: This work shows that ribavirin merits further study as a lead compound in a novel class of potential insect control agents or for managing field populations of Lepidoptera pests on cruciferous crops. Copyright © 2012 Society of Chemical Industry     

广元市食用菌生产现状及发展对策

广元市属食用菌重点产区,但存在产量低、结构不合理、菌林矛盾突出、龙头企业带动能力弱、菌种管理力度不强等问题。调整菌业结构、加大科研投入、培植新的增长点,强化品牌建设,提高食用菌产品附加值,实现规模化、标准化栽培是发展壮大广元市食用菌产业的必由之路。     

Selection of In Vitro-Matured Porcine Oocytes Based on Localization Patterns of Lipid Droplets to Evaluate Developmental Competence

Localization patterns of lipid droplets in the cytoplasm of porcine oocytes were evaluated as a novel marker for in vitro maturation (IVM) of oocytes with high developmental competence. Porcine oocytes were cultured in TCM-199, which is a complete synthetic medium, for 44 h at 38.5 C. Localization patterns were divided into 2 classes: lipid droplets localized uniformly in the whole cytoplasm (class I) and those that were centrally located (class II). After IVM in TCM-199, 60% of matured oocytes exhibited the class II pattern. To investigate the relation between the distribution of lipid droplets and the developmental rate of the oocyte, the developmental rates of class I and class II oocytes were compared after in vitro fertilization (IVF). Class II oocytes showed a significantly higher rate of blastocyst development than class I oocytes. These results suggest that porcine oocytes with high developmental competence can be selected based on the localization patterns of lipid droplets.     

基施沼渣液替代化肥氮对葡萄产量及品质的影响

以氮元素含量为定量指标,设计1个全施化肥处理和5个基施沼渣液替代化肥氮处理,以期为大面积生产葡萄园基肥施用沼渣液技术的推广和应用提供一定的理论参考。研究结果表明,随着基施沼渣液替代化肥氮比例的增加,葡萄产量呈现先增加后下降的趋势,100%NZY处理产量最高,为18197.03 kg/hm ²;粒重和穗重呈现同样的变化趋势。随着基施沼渣液替代化肥氮比例的增加,萌芽至成熟天数、叶片SPAD值、新梢节间长、粗度、百叶鲜重及单叶面积等生长指标都呈现逐渐增加的趋势,其中以150%NZY处理最高,表现出成熟期延迟,贪青晚熟,从而影响产量。基施沼渣液替代化肥氮可改善葡萄果粒品质,以70%NZY和100%NZY处理较好。随着基施沼渣液替代化肥氮比例的增加,葡萄果粒重金属Cu、Zn和Pb含量均有所增加,Cr含量则有所下降,Cd和As含量无明显变化。各处理中葡萄果粒重金属含量均低于相应的污染物限量标准(GB 2762—2005)。因此,本研究认为,综合葡萄产量和品质指标,沼渣液替代100%化肥氮可作为葡萄园定量化基施沼渣液的参考。