Use of androgenesis in intersubspecific hybrid rice breeding

Significant differences of callus induction, green plant regeneration and culture efficiency were observed among restorer lines and their hybrids in rice. Average callus induction percentage of F₁, hybrids was about twice that of their parents. Twenty doubled haploid (DH) lines that showed normal fertility with both indica and japonica CMS lines, were selected as widely compatible restorers (WCRs). TG8 derived from CPSLO17/Minghui 63 not only showed normal fertility to both indica and japonica test varieties and CMS lines, but also exhibited superior agronomic traits, in particular short plant, desired plant type, high tillerability, large panicles, good grain quality and resistance to rice blast disease. Strong heterosis for yield was observed in crosses between indica or japonica CMS lines and TG8. TG8 possessed a dominant, widely compatible gene (WCG) that was inherited from the variety CPSLO17. Results confirmed that the anther culture technique is a quick and effective way of developing widely compatible restorers in rice and that it is applicable to the direct use of intersubspecific heterosis with the three-line method.     

苜蓿施用污泥效果的研究Ⅰ对苜蓿生长及元素含量的影响

将兰州市七里河污水处理厂生活污泥施用于人工种植的新疆大叶苜蓿草地，探讨了不同施用量对苜蓿生长及各元素含量的影响。研究结果表明，施用1.0-2.0kg/m^2污泥，苜蓿地上生物量显著增加，第一年增产23％－31％，第二年增产15％－31％。施用污泥苜蓿地上和地下部组织中N，P，Ca,Mg和Mn的含量总体呈增加趋势，Fe含量显著增加，而K和重金属元素Ni、Pb、As和Hg的含量与对照无显著差异，Zn和Cu的积累增多，但地上部组织中重金属元素均未超过植物中的平均含量，施用污泥未对新疆大叶苜蓿造成重金属污染。     

Pathogenicity of Campylobacter jejuni for turkeys and chickens.

A Campylobacter jejuni isolate obtained from a turkey liver, designated C101, and a C. jejuni isolate obtained from the feces of a chicken, designated C111, were used to inoculate their respective hosts. Isolate C101 depressed weight gain by 20% when inoculated into newly hatched poults or 4-day-old poults. It also caused death, hepatic necrosis, and generalized hemorrhages in turkey embryos. The chicken-derived isolate, C111, did not reduce weight gain in newly hatched chicks, but it did induce mortality in chicken embryos. The supernatant of the cultures of both C. jejuni isolates also caused mortality in embryos.     

立筒仓磷化氢环流熏蒸试验

文章主要探讨了生产中利用磷化氢环流熏蒸技术对立筒库群进行熏蒸的方法和杀虫效果。试验结果表明，该项技术对于立筒仓这类深粮层仓型熏蒸杀虫有很好的效果。对仓内的主要害虫有较好的杀死作用；但由于仓房气密性、环流方法和设备性能等因素的影响，操作不当就不能彻底杀死某些局部虫害或不久又再次发生害虫危害，影响整体熏蒸效果。     

Susceptibility to onion-induced hemolysis in dogs with hereditary high erythrocyte reduced glutathione and potassium concentrations.

The hemolytic effect of onion consumption in dogs with hereditary high erythrocyte reduced glutathione and potassium concentrations (designated HK dogs) was compared with that in clinically normal dogs. Twelve hours after oral administration of boiled onions (200 g/dog), hemoglobin concentration decreased to 84.4% of the initial value in HK dogs; it decreased only to 90.5% in clinically normal dogs. At 24 hours, methemoglobin concentration was significantly (P less than 0.05) higher in HK dogs than in clinically normal dogs. The concentration of erythrocyte oxidized glutathione increased about fivefold at 10 hours in HK dogs, whereas it did not change during the experimental period in clinically normal dogs. In addition, at 12 hours, the proportion of erythrocytes containing Heinz bodies increased to 24.4% in HK dogs, but increased only to 1.2% in clinically normal dogs. Thus, results indicated that HK dogs were more susceptible to the oxidant action of onions than were clinically normal dogs.     

陕西蚕病流行规律分析

通过历年盒种产茧量、干茧病蛹及蚕期蚕病调查，得知养蚕技术、养蚕形式、地理位置、气候条件影响陕西蚕病的流行分布。近几年危害生产的主要是僵病、多角体病及微粒子病。各地由于养蚕形式、技术、地理及气候差异，蚕病发生轻重不同。僵病流行比其它蚕病受养蚕技术、地理、气候影响更明显。多角体病流行与僵病不同，有较明显的垂直传播特点。微粒子病自１９８９年发现之后，蔓延迅速，其病原首先来自从疫区调入的带毒蚕种。     

Spontaneous regression of bovine cutaneous leukosis

Biopsies of skin from a 2-year-old heifer with spontaneously regressing dermal leukosis were examined. The heifer was not infected with bovine leukemia virus and was negative for tumor-associated antigens of enzootic bovine lymphosarcoma. By hematological standards for bovine leukemia, the heifer was positive at about 60 days post-occurrence of the disease (POD). At 53 days POD, lymphoblastic neoplastic cells in the dermis reacted with anti-T lymphocyte monoclonal antibody by the avidin biotin peroxidase complex method. The cells had intracytoplasmic clustered dense bodies under electron microscopy. From 53 to 83 days POD, figures of the transepithelial elimination (TE) against neoplastic cells and perivascular infiltration of small lymphocytes were in the dermis. Small lymphocytes reacted with anti-T lymphocyte monoclonal antibody. At necropsy there were no neoplastic lesions; there were flat lymph node-like tissues in the subcutis. Many germinal centers were seen in the lymphatic organs. Blood lymphocytes at 46 days POD were stimulated by phytohemagglutinin-P and concanavalin A. Sera, taken until 75 days POD and at necropsy, showed an inhibitory effect on mitogen-induced blastogenesis of normal bovine lymphocytes. These results suggested the existence of a spontaneous regressive mechanism against neoplastic lesions by TE and tumor immunity.