美国白蛾——城市森林的大敌

美国白蛾是世界性检疫害虫,在我国北方疫区较广,疫情严重危及城市生态安全,文章根据北京、唐山等地防治经验,总结了美国白蛾生物学特性及综合防治方法。       

Virus Neutralizing Antibodies Against a Panel of 18 BVDV Isolates in Calves Vaccinated with Rispoval™ RS‐BVD

Seven of nine colostrum‐deprived calves, free from infection with bovine virus diarrhoea virus (BVDV), were vaccinated with Rispoval^? RS‐BVD on two occasions, 21 days apart, while the other two were kept as BVDV infection controls. The virus neutralizing (VN) serum antibodies induced by vaccination were tested for their ability to neutralize 18 European BVDV isolates, including laboratory reference strains and recent field isolates, both cytopathic and non‐cytopathic biotypes as well as genotypes I and II. The strains were isolated in Belgium, France, Germany and the United Kingdom. While there were large variations in the vaccine‐induced VN titres of the individual calves against all the strains, e.g. the titres against Osloss NCP, the European reference strain ranged from 1.7 to 6.7 (1 : log₂), serum from each animal was capable of neutralizing between nine and all 18 of the strains tested. Nevertheless, from the results of this study, it can be concluded that in colostrum‐deprived BVDV seronegative calves, Rispoval^? RS‐BVD can stimulate the production of VN antibodies capable of neutralizing a wide range of antigenically diverse European isolates of BVDV, including genotypes I and II.     

中国部分稻种资源的化感控制杂草潜力评价

采用人工气候箱结合田间小区试验,从我国部分水稻种质资源中筛选获得了2份具有化感潜力的水稻品种（系）,其中我国台湾品种蚁公包幼苗对无芒稗根长影响因子RRL为0.43,其叶片水浸提液对无芒稗和莴苣根长抑制率分别达到45%和85%,在田间对无芒稗茎数和植株鲜质量的控制效果分别为22.0%和26.1%。云南品种地谷幼苗对无芒稗的植株高度影响因子RSH和植株干质量影响因子RPDW分别为0.62和0.58, 叶片水浸提液对无芒稗和莴苣根长抑制率分别达到53%和65%,在田间对无芒稗茎数和植株鲜质量的控制效果分别达到51.5%和46.1%。 蚁公包对莴苣的控制效果和地谷对无芒稗的控制效果均显著高于美国化感潜力品种PI312777。蚁公包和地谷是我国宝贵的化感潜力品种资源。     

玉米田蚜虫消长与玉米矮花叶病发生发展的关系研究

在玉米矮花叶病重病区抚宁县,自播种至玉米１０叶１心期,每天定点定株调查有翅蚜蚜量和玉米矮花叶病病株率。田间调查结果表明,５月２２日,玉米２叶期始见蚜虫,蚜株率６．６％,牙量７头。５月３１日,玉米３叶期蚜量达到高峰,蚜株率８９．６％,总蚜量３６６头。高峰期过后８ｄ,６月８日始见病株,病株率１％;高峰期过后２８ｄ,６月２８日,玉米９叶期,病株率达到高峰２２％,并维持此高峰。生产上制定防治措施应遵循此规     

激光控制平地方法的经济可行性分析

根据激光控制土地精平试验结果和不同田面平整精度处理下的田间畦灌对比试验数据,对激光控制平地成本费用和节水增产效果进行分析,完成激光控制平地方法的经济可行性分析。土地精平成本费用随田面平整绝对改善度的增加呈线性增长,节水增产效益随田面平整精度的提高明显增加。在激光精平效果3年持续期内,考虑激光控制平地设备折旧下的静态效益费用比值为1.8,动态下的相应比值为1.6。农田生产力提高带来的节水增产效益超过土地精平成本的事实表明,在我国现状条件下采用激光控制平地方法可以获得较好的收益回报。     

鸡品种血浆碱性磷酸酶多态性研究

用改进的聚丙烯酰胺凝胶系统对 6个鸡品种的血浆碱性磷酸酶 ( AKP)进行了多态性检测 ,共检测到 13个区 (或位点 ) ,并对 7个区进行了表型、基因型和基因频率的统计和计算。在AKP位点检测到快、慢两条带 ,肉鸡 AA和伊莎褐均表现为快带     

Molecular phylogeny of the apterygotan insects based on nuclear and mitochondrial genes

Basal hexapodan orders (Apterygota) are traditionally divided in two well defined taxonomic groups, Entognatha and Ectognatha. Entognathy (the enclosed mouthparts condition) is considered the most distinctive character joining the Ellipura (Protura+ Collembola) with the order Diplura, whereas the presence of exposed mouthparts (ectognathy) is the feature shared by Microcoryphia and Zygentoma with the pterygote insects. In spite of the growing interest for the evolutionary history of the Apterygota, there is no complete agreement among the general phylogenetic hypotheses based on the study of morphological characters. In this study we analyzed the DNA sequence of segments of the nuclear Elongation Factor-1α(EF-1α) and of the mitochondrial 12S rRNA genes, and used different methods of phylogenetic reconstruction. The 12S gene seems to be more suited than the EF-1α to resolve some of the most outstanding systematic disputes, whereas the lack of resolution at the deeper nodes does not allow to assess the phylogenetic relationships within Microcoryphia and between ectognathan orders. We have obtained a fairly high support for the monophyly of the orders Diplura and Zygentoma. In the 12S analysis, the Ellipura and the Entognatha form monophyletic assemblages. In addition, the study of the distribution of introns in the EF-1α suggests a relationship between Collembola and Diplura.     

Polymorphism Analysis on Partial Sequence of Pig Obese Gene of Different Breeds by PCR-SSCP

Obese gene (ob gene) was identified in mouse adi- pose tissues in 1954, and it has an autosomal reces- sive genetic pattern[1]. Mouse ob gene is located on chromosome 6, whose mutation will lead to seriously genetic fatness. Human ob gene is mapped on q31…     

Fractional Distribution of Lead and Cadmium in Sludge and Soil Amended with Sludge Compost

Sludge is produced wherever sewage purification takes place. The amount of municipal dry sludge in China is more than 5.0×106 t per year. There are lots of soil nutrients, such as nitrogen, phosphorus and or- ganic matters contained in sludge, but heavy …     

基于稳定同位素特征与土壤性质的有机茶身份辨识研究

为探究云南普洱地区有机茶身份辨识特征,完善高原有机茶身份辨识技术,选取云南省普洱市的5个代表性有机种植认证茶园（ZX、LS、CYT、YS、HL）和相邻的5个常规茶园（C-1、C-2、C-3、C-4、C-5）,采集300余份茶叶和土壤样本,结合稳定同位素比例质谱仪、元素分析仪等测定茶叶和土壤的δ¹⁵N丰度、δ¹³C丰度、全氮、全碳、有机碳、碱解氮等指标,通过因子分析和判别分析的方法构建了有机茶叶同位素-土壤性质判别模型,并使用Holdout法进行验证。结果表明：不同茶园有机茶叶与相邻常规茶叶相比未表现出一致的δ¹⁵N,δ¹³C值差异规律,因此,使用单一稳定同位素因子难以鉴别有机茶。通过进一步对茶叶和土壤性质进行因子分析,筛选出6个适合判别的特征向量,构建了基于同位素特征和土壤性质的多元有机判别模型,其判别函数方程为：y=-0.081（茶叶δ¹⁵N）＋0.819（茶叶δ¹³C）＋0.093（土壤全氮）＋2.117（土壤全碳）－0.155（土壤有机碳）＋2.870（土壤pH）＋4.232,y<0.5为常规茶,判别准确度为92.3%。综上,基于同位素特征值和土壤性质参数指标构建的多元有机判别模型可实现云南省普洱市高原有机茶身份的准确判别。