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61.
Primary production of the biosphere: integrating terrestrial and oceanic components 总被引:32,自引:0,他引:32
Integrating conceptually similar models of the growth of marine and terrestrial primary producers yielded an estimated global net primary production (NPP) of 104.9 petagrams of carbon per year, with roughly equal contributions from land and oceans. Approaches based on satellite indices of absorbed solar radiation indicate marked heterogeneity in NPP for both land and oceans, reflecting the influence of physical and ecological processes. The spatial and temporal distributions of ocean NPP are consistent with primary limitation by light, nutrients, and temperature. On land, water limitation imposes additional constraints. On land and ocean, progressive changes in NPP can result in altered carbon storage, although contrasts in mechanisms of carbon storage and rates of organic matter turnover result in a range of relations between carbon storage and changes in NPP. 相似文献
62.
Fullerene pipes 总被引:10,自引:0,他引:10
J Liu AG Rinzler H Dai JH Hafner RK Bradley PJ Boul A Lu T Iverson K Shelimov CB Huffman F Rodriguez-Macias YS Shon TR Lee DT Colbert RE Smalley 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1998,280(5367):1253-1256
Single-wall fullerene nanotubes were converted from nearly endless, highly tangled ropes into short, open-ended pipes that behave as individual macromolecules. Raw nanotube material was purified in large batches, and the ropes were cut into 100- to 300-nanometer lengths. The resulting pieces formed a stable colloidal suspension in water with the help of surfactants. These suspensions permit a variety of manipulations, such as sorting by length, derivatization, and tethering to gold surfaces. 相似文献