Insights into the architecture of human-induced polygenic selection in Duroc pigsOA

Background: As one of the most utilized commercial composite boar lines, Duroc pigs have been introduced to China and undergone strongly human-induced selection over the past decades. However, the efficiencies and limitations of previous breeding of Chinese Duroc pigs are largely understudied. The objective of this study was to uncover directional polygenic selection in the Duroc pig genome, and investigate points overlooked in the past breeding process.Results: Here, we utilized the Generation ...     

Poultry genetic heritage cryopreservation and reconstruction: advancement and future challengesOA

Poultry genetics resources, including commercial selected lines, indigenous breeds, and experimental lines, are now being irreversibly lost at an alarming rate due to multiple reasons, which further threats the future livelihood and academic purpose. Collections of germplasm may reduce the risk of catastrophic loss of genetic diversity by guaranteeing that a pool of genetic variability is available to ensure the reintroduction and replenishment of the genetic stocks. The setting up of biobanks f...     

Maize cryptochromes 1a1 and 1a2 promote seedling photomorphogenesis and shade resistance in Zea mays and Arabidopsis

Maize growth and development are regulated by light quality, intensity and photoperiod. Cryptochromes are blue/ultraviolet-A light receptors involved in stem elongation, shade avoidance, and photoperiodic flowering. To investigate the function of cryptochrome 1(CRY1) in maize, where it is encoded by Zm CRY1, we obtained two Zm CRY1a genes(Zm CRY1a1 and Zm CRY1a2), both of which share the highest similarity with other gramineous plants, in particular rice CRY1a by phylogenetic analysis. In Arabid...     

The plasmodesmata-associated β-1,3-glucanase gene Gh Pd BG regulates fiber development in cotton

Trichomes are specialized structures that originate from epidermal cells of organs in higher plants. The cotton fiber is a unique single-celled trichome that elongates from the seed coat epidermis. Cotton(Gossypium hirsutum) fibers and trichomes are models for cell differentiation. In an attempt to elucidate the intercellular factors that regulate fiber and trichome cell development, we identified a plasmodesmalβ-1,3-glucanase gene(designated Gh Pd BG) controlling the opening and closing of plas...     

Non-conventional peptides in plants: From gene regulation to crop improvement

Conventional peptides(CPs) and non-conventional peptides(NCPs) are generated from small open reading frames, but most CPs are derived from large precursors. NCPs, which are derived from sequences other than conventional open reading frames or annotated coding sequences regions, function in plant development and adaptation to stresses. Ribosome profiling, a technique for studying translational regulation, can be used to identify NCPs. Another new technique, peptidogenomics, which integrates mass ...     

Isolation of phloridzin-degrading,IAA-producing bacterium Ochrobactrum haematophilum and its effects on the apple replant soil environment

We isolated and identified a bacterium that could produce IAA and degrade phloridzin in the rhizosphere soil of healthy replanted apple(the rootstock is M9T337 and the scion is Yanfu 3), providing a theoretical basis for reducing the obstacles associated with apple replant disease(ARD). Isolates were screened using Salkowski colorimetry and screening medium for phloridzin. The isolate of interest(W6) was identified as Ochrobactrum haematophilum based on morphological analysis, physiological and ...     

Lipid oxidation in food science and nutritional health: A comprehensive review

Food provides abundant nutrients for human beings, but also has sensory functions and physiological regulation.Lipids are the main components of food as well as the important structural and functional components of cells.Nevertheless, lipids are easily oxidized by different ways, such as thermal oxidation and air oxidation. Lipid oxidation has adverse effects on food quality and human health. Therefore, efforts should be made to reduce lipid oxidation and improve its stability. This review focus...