海岛棉品系海1无腺体性状的遗传——Ⅱ.陆地棉遗传背景的近等…

研究了显性无腺体基因在３种不同的遗传背景上对棉花农艺性状的影响。结果表明：显性无侏体基因对棉花的产量、纤维长度和种仁营养品质等主要性状均无明显影响。但皮棉产量有下降，纤维长度有伸长的趋势。     

论道路安全理念在山区公路设计中的运用

随着现代社会的发展,我国公路建设企业也在不断变化和进步。公路建设作为我国现代化经济发展的重要组成部分,其安全性会对我国经济发展产生积极的促进作用。由于山区公路设计与建设的特殊性,其安全问题一直被人们所重视。通过分析山区公路安全设计的基本特点及影响其安全性的主要因素,并阐述了道路安全理念在山区公路设计中的具体运用,旨在为促进我国公路建设企业发展提供参考。     

基于PAQ 的室内空气品质控制目标实验研究

室内空气品质控制目标的合理确定是解决当前多组分低浓度室内空气污染问题和营造健康舒适室内空气环境的重要前提.针对人体代谢污染和建材饰材散发污染的联合暴露条件,通过暴露实验且针对我国受试人员研究了可感受的室内空气品质的控制目标;其中,空气品质的可接受性和气味强度由受试人员投票得到.研究结果发现,未适应者与适应者对室内空气品质控制目标的要求具有显著差别.为使80%和90%的未适应者达到满意,CO2体积分数要求分别为0.11%和0.06%,TVOC质量浓度要求分别为243 μg/m3和76 μg/m3,每人所需要的新风量指标分别为6.6 L/s和19.5 L/s;同时,为使80%和90%的适应者达到满意,CO2体积分数要求分别为0.209%和0.098%,TVOC质量浓度要求分别为583 μg/m3和228 μg/m3,每人所需新风量指标分别为0.5 L/s和14.1 L/s.     

Effects of Compound Bacteria Preparation on Fermentation Quality and Rumen Fermentation Characteristics of Phragmites australis Silage北大核心CSCD

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of compound bacteria preparation (including homogeneous Lactobacillus/heterogeneous Lactobacillus, Bacillus subtilis and Aspergillus niger as well as their compatibility) on nutrient composition, fermentation quality and rumen fermentation characteristics of Phragmites australis silage. Taking growing Phragmites australis from Dongting lake as silage material, five groups were set up, which were blank group (CK group), lactic acid bacteria group (LA group, supplemented with Lactobacillus plantarum, Pediococcus pentosaceus and Lactobacillus buchneri), lactic acid bacteria+Bacillus subtilis group (LA+BS group), lactic acid bacteria+Aspergillus niger group (LA+AN group) and lactic acid bacteria+Bacillus subtilis+Aspergillus niger group (LA+BS+AN group), and each group had 3 replicates. The supplemental level of lactic acid bacteria was 1.5×108 CFU/kg silage raw materials, and the supplemental levels of Aspergillus niger and Bacillus subtilis were 1.0×108 CFU/kg silage raw materials (all were based on fresh weight of silage raw materials). After 60 days of silage, the nutrient composition and fermentation quality of Phragmites australis silage were determined, and the rumen fermentation characteristics were evaluated by in vitro fermentation and in vivo degradation. The results showed as follows: 1) the contents of dry matter and ash in LA, LA+BS and LA+AN groups were significantly lower than those in CK group (P<0.05), and the crude protein content in LA+BS, LA+AN and LA+BS+AN groups was significantly higher than that in CK and LA groups (P<0.05). 2) The silage sensory evaluation scores of all groups were 60 to 70 points, and the ratings were good. The comprehensive scores of fermentation quality in LA+BS and LA+AN groups were higher, among which, the ammonia nitrogen to total nitrogen ratio, acetic acid content and acetic acid to total acid ratio in LA+AN group were significantly decreased compared with CK group (P<0.05), while the lactic acid content and lactic acid to total acid ratio were significantly increased compared with CK group (P<0.05). 3) The dry matter disappearance rate and total gas production of in vitro fermentation in LA+AN group were significantly higher than those in the other groups (P<0.05), and in vitro fermentation parameters such as volatile fatty acid contents in fermentation liquid were improved. 4) The rumen fermentation dry matter degradation rate in LA+AN and LA+BS+AN groups at 8, 24 and 48 h was significantly higher than that in the other three groups (P<0.05). In conclusion, the combined application of lactic acid bacteria and Aspergillus niger with supplemental levels in this experiment has the best effect on the quality of Phragmites australis silage and rumen fermentation characteristics. © The Author(s) 2023.     

乳酸菌制剂在黑毛和牛育肥中的使用效果

[目的]旨在通过黑毛和牛（Japanese Blackcattle）育肥后期投服乳酸菌制剂Entero—coccus faecalis FK-23粉末,探讨付与牛肉的附加价值和该制剂的实用性。[方法]供试牛10头,随机分为试验组和对照组,试验组5头,每头每日投服乳酸菌制剂8．0g。测量体重（BW）,静脉采血检测白细胞数（WBC）,维生素A（VA）,维生素E（VE）．总胆固醇（TC）,谷草转氨酶（GOT）,血尿素氮（BUN）及血糖（GLC）浓度;HPLC测验中性脂肪的脂肪酸成分。[结果]试验组与对照组比较。食欲亢进,日增重（DG）明显增加（P〈0．05）,血清VE和TC明显升高（P〈0．05）,VA维持预计水平走向不变。中性脂肪的不饱和脂肪酸比例出现增高趋势,出栏体重增长4．3％,胴体重增加9．3kg。[结论]结果提示,黑毛和牛育肥后期投服乳酸菌E．faecalisFK-23制剂可以获得VE含量较高的高附加价值牛肉并能提高其生产性能。     

高校图书馆新书书库借阅情况的统计与分析

以河池学院为例,对河池学院图书馆新书书库馆藏量、外借率、藏书比例等作统计分析,并对今后图书馆馆藏建设的优化进行了探讨。     

南亚热带果梅新品种‘赤凤红梅’

 ‘赤凤红梅’是从潮安县赤凤镇峙溪村竹梅实生群体中选出的果梅（Prunus mume Sieb. et Zucc.）优良新品种。果实卵圆形,平均单果质量20.8 g;可食率91.3%,总酸含量5.64%,可溶性固形物含量8.7%。果皮黄绿色,阳面有紫红色晕。味浓酸,无苦涩味,是加工话梅、干湿梅（半干梅）、梅酱、梅酒等的优良品种。适合南亚热带沿海山区种植,在粤东地区果实4月中旬采收。     

蔬菜废弃物中温厌氧发酵酸化失稳预警指标筛选

厌氧消化是一种可以较好地将有机废弃物处理和能源回收结合的生物技术,它是多种厌氧微生物共同参与、分阶段有序进行的复杂串联代谢过程。其中产甲烷菌对环境最敏感、代谢速率最慢,产甲烷阶段往往是厌氧消化系统的瓶颈,水解酸化与产甲烷两阶段不能较好地匹配,极易受到抑制。针对蔬菜废弃物厌氧发酵易酸化的特点,该试验旨在筛选发酵体系酸化失稳预警指标,采用自行设计的70 L反应装置,在中温35℃条件下进行蔬菜废弃物厌氧发酵的连续冲击负荷试验。通过对发酵过程中的气相及液相指标监测,该研究筛选出4类失稳预警指标,分别为:1)甲烷与二氧化碳的比值。当CH_4/CO_21.06时,系统出现酸化现象,提前18 d对厌氧发酵系统做出预警指示,具有最强的失稳预警性;2)挥发性脂肪酸。当丙酸、正/异丁酸、正/异戊酸出现突变时,系统出现酸化征兆,分别在17、15和15 d对厌氧消化体系做出失稳预警;3)碱度。包括总碱度(total alkalinity,TA)、碳酸氢盐碱度(bicarbonate alkalinity,BA)、及挥发酸盐碱度(intermediate alkalinity,IA)的耦合性指标,当BA1500 mg/L、BA/TA0.8或IA/BA0.4时,系统提前13、12和12 d做出酸化预警指示,此时发酵体系缓冲性能较差,系统极易出现挥发性脂肪酸的累积进而导致系统酸化失稳;4)氧化还原电位和pH值在整个厌氧消化过程中均持续微弱变化,利用其绝对值很难做出失稳判断,利用其相对变化值可做出失稳判断,骤变分别发生在产气彻底停止前第5天和第4天,预警能力较弱。在工程实际应用中,相比液相指标而言,气相指标的监测更容易实现,建议CH_4/CO_2作为预警指标。     

一例肺炎克雷伯氏菌引起山羊死亡诊断报告

从出血羊肺中分离出的1株菌,对该菌进行形态鉴定、16s r RNA测序、致病性试验和药物敏感性试验,鉴定为肺炎克雷伯氏菌。该菌除对孢曲松高度敏感和对环丙沙星等5种药物中度敏感外,对强力霉素等4种药物不敏感;此外,该菌能使小鼠死亡。结果表明,该例山羊死亡是由肺炎克雷伯氏菌引起的,经过用药进行防治,其他山羊未发生死亡。     

广西黑山羊溶血性曼氏杆菌分离鉴定

从广西黑山羊发生的肺病病变中分离出1株菌。应用细菌分离技术、生化鉴定试验和16Sr RNA序列分析,确定该病原菌为溶血性曼氏杆菌,并命名为MS-1706。通过对该菌进行药敏试验,发现其对头孢噻肟等4种药呈现出高敏;对链霉素等5种药表现为中敏;对复方新诺明等5种药物具有耐药。本研究为临床合理用药提供科学依据,为该病的防控提供理论基础。