柴窝堡湖高白鲑生长与移殖效应分析

2004年6月-2007年5月，采集柴窝堡湖高白鲑标本79尾，对其年龄与生长状况及高白鲑在柴窝堡湖移殖效应进行了分析。研究表明：柴窝堡湖高白鲑1龄平均逆算体长L1=11.7cm、2龄平均逆算体长L2=26.1cm；体长与体重的回归方程为W=0．013474L^309069；高白鲑在柴窝堡湖生长正常，能够形成捕捞群体，但由于柴窝堡湖现有的渔业捕捞方式，影响了高白鲑在柴窝堡湖渔业移殖效应。     

Effects of glucose and Mg2+ in the neurons damaged by glutamate

AIM and METHODS: To observe the effects of glucose-free and Mg²⁺-free in the extracellular fluid on the changes of [Ca ²⁺]_i in the cerebro-cortical neurons damaged by 1mmol/L glutamate using laser confocal scanning microscope. RESULTS: Both frequency and amplitude of neuronal calcium oscillation induced by glutamate were lowered in glucose-free and Mg²⁺-free buffers. The basic [Ca²⁺]_i concentration was lowered in the former case , but it was elevated in the latter case. CONCLUSION: Mg²⁺-free aggravates [Ca²⁺]_i overload induced by 1mmol/L glutamate ,under certain conditions the glucose-free might resist damage role of glutamate and Mg²⁺-free.     

Changes in endothelin-1 and atrial natriuretic factor and the effect of atrial natriuretic factor on the change of endothelin-1 in asthmatic guinea pigs

AIM: To investigate the possible role of endothelin(ET-1) in asthma pathogenesis and the effect of atrial natriuretic factor (ANF) on changes of ET-1. METHODS: Measuring the contents of endothelin-1(ET-1),atrial natriuretic factor(ANF),cGMP in plasma and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) of guinea pigs. RESULTS: The contents of ET-1, ANF and cGMP in asthma group were higher than that of the control group; There was a significant negative correlation between ET-1 and ANF( r=-0.638,P <0.05) in plasma of the asthma group, and a significantly negative correlation between ET-1 and ANF( r=-0.921,P <0.01) in BALF of the asthma group. There was a significantly positive correlation between ANF and cGMP( r=0.848,P <0.01) in plasma of the asthma group,and a significantly positive correlation between ANF and cGMP ( r=0.831,P <0.01) in BALF of the asthma group. The levels ET-1 in the asthma+rat ANF(rANF) group were lower than those in the asthma group,and the levels of cGMP in the asthma+rat ANF(rANF) group were higher than those in the asthma group after ceasing to infuse rANF for guinea pigs for 30 minutes.CONCLUSION: ET-1 might play an important role in the pathogenesis of asthma.ANF might inhibit production of ET-1.     

泰和乌鸡出雏后黑色素的分布与沉积

对１￣２８周龄的泰和乌鸡进行外表和解剖观察。就个体而言，除腿部皮肤略黑一些外，哈身皮肤的黑度非常接近，胸肌的黑度明显浅于腿肌，黑度随周龄增加而变浅；气管、肺、嗉囊、、腺胃外皮、肌胃外皮、睾丸、卵巢在２周龄时可见黑色素沉积，随周龄增加而逐渐加深；胸皮、腿皮、胸肌、腿肌和腿骨（带骨膜）中黑色素沉积率及左侧髋关节处皮肤黑度之间的表型相关均吴显著的正强相关，它们均能较好地代表乌鸡体内黑色素的沉积速度；上述     

湖南省茧蜂记述

按van Achterberg(1990)分类系统，报道了湖南省茧蜂15亚科38属104种，其中小腹茧蜂亚科的分类，按Mason(1981)分类系统处理。介绍了属名变动或种名定名的变化情况，并提出著者的看法。同时根据对湖南蝽茧蜂(Aridelus hunanensis You,Xiong et Zhou和橙足蝽茧蜂Aridelus rutilipes Papp雌雄外生殖器，以及对黄长柄茧蜂Streblocera flava You et Xiong和冈长柄茧蜂Streblocera okadai Watanabe雄性外生殖器研究，对陈学新和van Achterberg(1997)认为湖南蝽茧蜂是橙足蝽茧蜂的次定同物异名，黄长柄茧蜂和冈田长柄茧蜂是同种的看法提出了质疑。     

Multi-model comparison on the effects of climate change on tree species in the eastern U.S.: results from an enhanced niche model and process-based ecosystem and landscape models

Context

Species distribution models (SDM) establish statistical relationships between the current distribution of species and key attributes whereas process-based models simulate ecosystem and tree species dynamics based on representations of physical and biological processes. TreeAtlas, which uses DISTRIB SDM, and Linkages and LANDIS PRO, process-based ecosystem and landscape models, respectively, were used concurrently on four regional climate change assessments in the eastern Unites States.

Objectives

We compared predictions for 30 species from TreeAtlas, Linkages, and LANDIS PRO, using two climate change scenarios on four regions, to derive a more robust assessment of species change in response to climate change.

Methods

We calculated the ratio of future importance or biomass to current for each species, then compared agreement among models by species, region, and climate scenario using change classes, an ordinal agreement score, spearman rank correlations, and model averaged change ratios.

Results

Comparisons indicated high agreement for many species, especially northern species modeled to lose habitat. TreeAtlas and Linkages agreed the most but each also agreed with many species outputs from LANDIS PRO, particularly when succession within LANDIS PRO was simulated to 2300. A geographic analysis showed that a simple difference (in latitude degrees) of the weighted mean center of a species distribution versus the geographic center of the region of interest provides an initial estimate for the species’ potential to gain, lose, or remain stable under climate change.

Conclusions

This analysis of multiple models provides a useful approach to compare among disparate models and a more consistent interpretation of the future for use in vulnerability assessments and adaptation planning.

     

粗腿羊肚菌子囊孢子萌发过程及其细胞核行为

用4μg/mL 4′,6-二脒基-2-苯基吲哚(DAPI)对细胞核染色,采用激光共聚焦显微成像技术观察粗腿羊肚菌(Morchella crassipes)子囊孢子的萌发过程。新鲜的粗腿羊肚菌子囊孢子呈椭圆状,大小13.0~15.3μm×21.5~24.0μm,成熟子囊孢子的细胞核数量为18~32个;CYM液体培养基,23℃培养6h后子囊孢子体积逐渐膨大至初始体积的1.7~2.9倍,泡囊化现象明显;6~12h开始形成芽管,泡囊逐渐消失,出芽点在椭圆形细胞的一端形成或两端先后形成,数量不等的细胞核由子囊孢子内迁至芽管中,形成多核丝状;芽管生长至20~30μm后,在出芽点与孢子连接处形成隔膜,12~24h后,随着芽管的持续生长,形成新的隔膜和菌丝细胞,菌丝细胞多核;芽管及初生菌丝直径6~8μm,约为子囊孢子直径的1/3;24h内没有观察到初生菌丝之间发生细胞融合现象。     

茄子新品种吉茄6号的选育

吉茄6号是以高代自交系B4-3为母本,以C2-6为父本配制而成的茄子一代杂种。早熟,植株生长势较强,始花节位为第9~11节,果实中长棒状,纵径24~28cm,横径5cm左右,单果质量110~150g。果皮黑紫色,有光泽,肉质细嫩,坐果率高。耐低温、耐弱光性强,对茄子黄萎病抗性较强。每667m~2产量3100kg左右。适合吉林省各地栽培。     

开沟覆膜滴灌条件下土壤水、温变化规律研究

新疆是中国葡萄重要的生产基地,但每年因盐碱与缺水导致减产现象严重。开沟覆膜滴灌技术结合膜下滴灌与开沟技术优点,理论上可有效改善作物生长的水土环境。为研究桁架葡萄下开沟覆膜滴灌技术对土壤水分与温度变化的影响,在石河子147团6连试验地用EM50仪器开展土壤水分、温度监测试验。研究结果表明:①在开沟模式为20 cm×100 cm,灌水定额为300 m3/hm~2时,无论是膜中还是膜边,灌水前后土壤含水量维持在0.22~0.38,满足作物根系吸水。加大灌水定额,在覆膜影响下,滴灌带表面积水区面积增大,使得在滴头下方形成饱和区增大;随着开沟深度的增大,覆膜中土壤含水量变化不明显,覆膜边呈下降趋势。②温度监测表明,无论是温度上升期(12时),还是夜间下降期(24时),土体温度变化幅度均在15~31℃,给葡萄生长提供良好的温度环境,利于葡萄产量与品质的提高。