Synthesis and characterization of a molecularly imprinted silica gel sorbent for the on-line determination of trace Sudan I in Chilli powder through high-performance liquid chromatography

A highly selective imprinted polymer was synthesized by a surface molecular imprinting technique in combination with a sol-gel process. The imprinted polymer was evaluated by FT-IR and static and kinetic adsorption experiments. The results showed that the imprinted sorbent exhibited good recognition and selective ability, offered a faster kinetics for the adsorption and desorption of Sudan I than the non-imprinted sorbent, a saturated binding capacity (Qmax) that reached 33.47 mg g-1. The prepared sorbent was applied for the determination of trace Sudan I through on-line solid-phase coupled with high-performance liquid chromatography (SPE-HPLC). With a loading flow rate of 1.5 mL min-1 for sampling 50 mL, an enrichment factor of 1266 was achieved. The detection limit (S/N = 3) was 1.2 ng L-1, and the peak area precision (RSD) for five replicate detections of 0.01 microg L-1 Sudan I was 3.66%. The Sudan I in the chilli powder from the local market was determined at three levels (0.25, 0.5, and 1.0 ng g-1) with recoveries ranging from 80.31 to 94.02%.     

Infant feeding practices in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, People's Republic of China

AIMS: To document infant feeding methods in the first six months of life in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, People's Republic of China, 2003-2004. Some problems with breast-feeding in the area are explained. METHODS: A longitudinal study of infant feeding practices was undertaken. A total of 1219 mothers who delivered babies during 2003 and 2004 were interviewed in five hospitals or institutes, and after discharge were contacted in person or by telephone at approximately monthly intervals to obtain details of infant feeding practices. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to explore factors associated with breast-feeding initiation. RESULTS: 'Any breast-feeding' rates at discharge and at 0.5, 1.5, 2.5, 3.5, 4.5 and 6 months were 92.2, 91.3, 89.9, 88.8, 87.7, 86.0 and 73.0%, respectively. 'Exclusive breast-feeding' rates at discharge and at 0.5, 1.5, 2.5, 3.5, 4.5 and 6 months were 66.2, 47.6, 30.1, 25.8, 22.1, 13.0 and 6.2%, respectively. The main problem of breast-feeding in Xinjiang was the early introduction of formula or water. The average duration of 'exclusive breast-feeding' was 1.8 months (95% confidence interval (CI) 1.7-2.0), of 'full breast-feeding' 2.8 months (95% CI 2.7-2.9) and of 'any breast-feeding' 5.3 months (95% CI 5.2-5.4). CONCLUSIONS: Infant feeding methods in Xinjiang were documented in this study and the main problems with infant feeding in Xinjiang are discussed. Further studies are needed to identify factors associated with 'exclusive breast-feeding' and duration.     

双充种型孔滚筒式杂交稻育秧精密播种器设计与试验

目的 为满足杂交稻钵苗育秧低播量精密播种的农艺要求,解决型孔滚筒式育秧播种器作业过程中稻种在充种室流动性差、充种可靠性低、漏播指数高以及型孔易堵塞等问题,设计一种双充种型孔滚筒式杂交稻育秧精密播种器。方法 基于PLC控制技术,搭建型孔充种性能检测与控制系统,对播种器的关键部件进行设计,并通过EDEM离散元软件开展不同型孔形状、第一充种室充种位置角及生产率对充种性能影响的仿真试验,对第一充种区的型孔滚筒工作参数进行优化。研制试验样机并进行性能试验,试验材料为‘培杂泰丰’杂交稻。试验分2步：第1步,第二充种机构不动作,采用三因素三水平正交试验,研究型孔深度、生产率和第一充种室充种位置角对试验指标的影响,验证仿真准确性;第2步,启动第二充种机构,研究进行双充种作用下的不同振动频率对试验指标的影响,探明设计第二充种机构后播种性能。结果 第1步试验结果表明,影响播种合格指数与重播指数的因素主次顺序为型孔深度>生产率>第一充种室充种位置角;影响漏播指数的因素主次顺序为生产率>型孔深度>第一充种室充种位置角。第2步试验结果表明,当型孔形状为椭圆凹槽形,第一充种室的充种位置角为35°、第二充种室振动频率为27 Hz、生产率在400~600盘/h,播种合格指数均大于90%,漏播指数均小于3%,试验结果满足杂交稻低播量精密播种的农艺要求。结论 采用双充种的填充方式改善了播种器每穴的填充性能,减少了漏播指数,本研究结果为轻简型杂交稻钵苗育秧精密播种机的开发提供了理论依据。     

脱水对栓皮栎种子基因表达的影响

以收集于同一栓皮栎优良单株种子为试验材料,通过脱水和萌发试验确定脱水敏感关键时期,对未脱水(CK)和脱水敏感关键时期种子进行转录组测序分析,探究种子脱水过程中基因表达变化,挖掘与种子脱水敏感性相关的基因。结果表明：栓皮栎种子含水量与萌发率间呈极显著正相关。种子萌发临界含水量在28.20%(T2)左右,致死含水量在17.79%(T11)左右。通过差异基因表达分析,在比较组T2和CK,T11和T2和T11和CK中分别获得4 405、4 066和5 907个差异表达基因。这些差异表达基因分别被富集到生物学过程,分子功能和细胞组分3个功能类别以及内质网中蛋白质加工与植物激素信号传导等代谢通路中。其中,MYB108、MYB1R1、ERF1B、UNE10、CRF4、CML11、JAZ、MYC2、TGA等基因可能调控种子脱水过程中活性氧的产生与清除机制,以及胁迫信号的传导等过程,进而在种子对脱水的响应中发挥重要调控作用。     

Can larch-Aralia elata agroforestry systems improve the soil chemical and microbial properties of larch plantations?

Agroforestry Systems - The conversion of secondary forests to larch plantations has resulted in soil degradation in Northeast China. Previous studies have proven that introducing native broadleaved...     

2022 年 2 期目录

  目的  SPL（SQUAMOSA promoter binding protein-like）是植物特有的转录因子,参与植物幼年期向成年期的转变、营养生长向生殖生长的转变、花发育、孢子发生、叶片和根发育、逆境响应等多个过程,在植物的生长发育过程中起着非常重要的作用。探究白桦中BpSPL6基因启动子区的顺式作用元件,以及该启动子在正常和胁迫条件下的表达模式,可为进一步研究BpSPL6基因的功能提供参考,也可为了解白桦的抗逆机制提供依据。  方法  以本实验室组培白桦的总DNA为模板,经PCR克隆了BpSPL6基因上游1 703 bp的启动子序列,用PLACE和Plant CARE在线软件分析启动子区的顺式作用元件。构建BpSPL6基因启动子驱动GUS报告基因的植物表达载体并转化拟南芥,探究其组织表达特性和胁迫条件下的表达模式。  结果  PCR成功克隆了BpSPL6基因上游1 703 bp的启动子序列,对启动子区的顺式作用元件预测发现除了含有核心启动元件TATA-box、CAAT-box外,还包括2种特异组织表达元件（根、花粉）,10种激素响应元件（生长素、赤霉素、水杨酸、脱落酸）,4种脱水响应元件等。对转基因拟南芥进行GUS染色结果表明,BpSPL6基因启动子驱动的GUS基因在转基因拟南芥中的表达具有时空特异性。在拟南芥的整个发育过程中,BpSPL6基因启动子驱动GUS基因在真叶叶片中表达,但是表达部位不同。随着叶片的生长,首先在叶片的顶端表达,随后扩展到叶片的叶脉并直至整个叶片,并且表达量逐渐升高。同时BpSPL6基因启动子驱动的 GUS 基因在拟南芥营养生长时期的根部都有表达。并且经氯化钠和甘露醇胁迫后其表达量降低。对比两种胁迫,受到氯化钠胁迫后GUS基因的表达量变化更大,说明对氯化钠胁迫的响应更加强烈。  结论  BpSPL6基因可能参与了植物的叶片、根发育以及对盐和干旱胁迫的响应。      

油茶根系与内生细菌枯草芽孢杆菌互作早期的转录组分析

【目的】研究油茶-内生细菌互作早期的油茶根系转录组变化规律,为阐明油茶与内生细菌互作的分子机制提供依据。【方法】构建内生细菌枯草芽孢杆菌1-L-29gfp^r与油茶根系互作体系,以不同时间（0、6、12、24 h）的互作体系为研究材料,利用RNA-Seq技术对油茶根部进行转录组测序及分析。【结果】1)转录组测序共产生52 958 922条序列,约46.1 Gb,差异表达基因10 314条（FDR<0.05且|log₂FC|>1）。随着互作时间的延长差异表达基因数量呈高-低-高的趋势,接种6 h后差异表达基因数量为6 306个,其中显著上调3 434个,显著下调2 572个;接种12 h后显著上调903个,显著下调526个;接种24 h后显著上调1 195个,显著下调1 384个。2)GO富集分析表明：接种6 h油茶的生物学过程、分子功能方面变化最为明显,生物学过程中磷酸代谢、含磷化合物代谢、响应激素途径、茉莉酸代谢、响应细菌途径等;分子功能中萜烯合酶活性、双加氧酶活性等;细胞组分中膜固有成分等得到富集。3)KEGG通路分析中差异表达...     

2022 年广东荔枝生产形势分析

余甘子是一种药食同源的水果,含有黄酮、酚酸、鞣质和生物碱等活性物质,具有良好的抗氧化、 抗炎、抗肿瘤、抗菌、护肝、免疫调节和预防糖尿病等多种功效。在古代,余甘子就被用来治疗咳嗽、喉痛、 腹泻及血热等疾病。余甘子鲜果水分含量较高,采后易受微生物污染,在自然条件下贮藏易失水、褐变、腐败, 造成果品严重浪费。而且余甘子鲜食时有较强烈的酸涩感,部分消费者难以接受。对余甘子加工,不仅能降低 其酸涩的口感,还能提高经济和生态效益。综述了余甘子中鞣质类、酚酸类、黄酮类和萜类等主要化学成分, 体外和体内模型下抗氧化、预防糖尿病、抗炎、抗菌、护肝等生物活性功能以及余甘子加工制品研究现状,为 充分挖掘余甘子产品的营养价值和深层次开发高附加值产品提供理论依据,以期推动余甘子产业的可持续健康 发展。     

龙南遗址红烧土植物蛋白石分析

龙南遗址红烧土植物蛋白石分析郑云飞，游修龄，徐建民，边其均（浙江农业大学，杭州３１００２９）ＰｌａｎｔＯｐａｌＡｎａｌｙｓｉｓｏｆＬｏｎｇｎａｎＮｅｏｌｉｔｈｉｃＳｉｔｅ￥ＺＨＡＮＧＹｕｎｆｅｉ；ＹｏｕＹｉｕｌｉｎｇ；ＸｕＪｉａｎｍｉｎ；ＢＩＡＮＱｉ...     

The long-term effects of thinning and mixing on species and structural diversity of Chinese fir plantations

New Forests - Plantations are playing an increasingly important role in providing forest products and improving the ecological environment, but they also face many challenges, such as low...