不同激素对黄檗腋芽丛生芽苗诱导及种质试管保存的影响

以黄檗嫩茎为外植体,研究不同激素对黄檗嫩茎腋芽丛生芽苗、芽苗生根和试管苗保存的影响。应用均匀设计法筛选其离体培养和种质试管保存各阶段最适合的培养基。结果表明,最适合诱导嫩茎腋芽丛生芽苗的培养基为：N6+TDZ2.86 mg?L-1 +IAA 0.03 mg?L-1,诱导率为99.5%;生根培养基为：1/2N6+KT 0.45 mg?L-1+IBA 0.10 mg?L-1,生根率达97%以上;试管苗保存培养基为：N6 +根皮苷2. 65 mg?L-1 +KT 0.15 mg?L-1,在常温条件下,在试管内保存黄檗种质可达45个月以上,生长率仅达0.74%。通过腋芽丛生和延缓生长的方法,成功建立了黄檗的离体培养和种质试管保存体系。     

农牧交错区奶牛的饲养管理与疾病防治技术

由于内蒙古部分农牧交错区科学饲养管理与疾病防治技术缺乏,导致在生产中奶牛常见疾病的发病率较高,造成很大的经济损失,因此本文针对这些奶牛养殖区饲养管理和疾病防治技术的需要,综述了“养”和“防”两大关键技术。一是根据奶牛各饲养阶段对营养需要的不同进行科学合理的饲料搭配与管理;二是根据目前奶牛常发的四大疾病提出了具体的防制措施;运用上述两大技术不仅提高了整体养殖水平,而且带来了很大的经济效益。     

Characterization of the dimer-monomer equilibrium of the papaya Copper/Zinc superoxide dismutase and its equilibrium shift by a single amino acid mutation.

The coding region of the copper/zinc superoxide dismutase (Cu/Zn SOD) cDNA from papaya fruit, Carica papaya L. cv. Tainong 2, was cloned into an expression vector, pET-20b(+). The Cu/Zn SOD was expressed in Escherichia coli and purified by His-tag technique. Two active forms of the enzyme (30% dimer and 70% monomer) in equilibrium were observed. The activity of the dimeric enzyme was higher than that of the monomeric form. The thermal inactivation rate constant K(d) values calculated for the dimer and monomer at 90 degrees C were -0.0203 and -0.0216 min(-1), and the half-lives for inactivation were 41.9 and 31.8 min, respectively. This indicated that the dimeric enzyme was more stable than its monomeric form. The dimerization of the enzyme was inhibited under acidic pH (below 3.0) or imidazole buffer (above 0.5 M), whereas it was not affected under alkaline pH (above 9.0). Both activity and forms of the enzyme were not affected by 1-4% SDS. Furthermore, the dimeric enzyme was much more resistant to proteolytic attack after 3 h of incubation at 37 degrees C with trypsin or chymotrypsin. In addition, mutation of the papaya Cu/Zn SOD at position 48 from Leu to Phe (L48F) affected the association of monomer, whereas a mutant with Lys substitution (L48K) at the same position tended to dissociate into monomeric form.     

混合盐胁迫对茶花凤仙种子萌发的影响

以茶花凤仙种子为试材,将NaCl、Na_2SO_4、NaHCO_3和Na_2CO_3按1∶1∶1∶1和0∶0∶1∶1两种摩尔配比人工模拟pH值分别为9.56和10.68的盐碱混合胁迫条件,探讨混合盐胁迫对其种子萌发指标的影响,明确种子萌发期对混合盐胁迫的耐受性。结果表明:2种混合盐胁迫处理下,茶花凤仙种子初始萌发时间滞后;与对照相比,种子发芽率呈现"低促高抑"现象,而发芽势、发芽指数和活力指数均随混合盐浓度的升高而逐渐降低。解除混合盐胁迫后,pH值为9.56处理下的茶花凤仙种子仍具有一定的萌发力,而pH值为10.68处理下的种子已完全失活。茶花凤仙种子萌发阶段对2种混合盐胁迫的耐盐适宜浓度分别为68.05 mmol·L^-1,60.53 mmol·L^-1,耐盐半致死浓度分别为119.59 mmol·L^-1,101.18 mmol·L^-1,耐盐极限浓度分别为202.07 mmol·L^-1,166.22 mmol·L^-1。     

甘南牦牛杂交后代生长发育分析

[目的]测量甘南牦牛二元、三元杂交后代周岁内生长发育情况,分析杂交利用方向。[方法]根据牧区草原畜牧业季节性特点,测量了二元、三元杂交后代初生（0月龄）、8月龄和12月龄体尺体重,对比分析不同杂交组合在不同生长阶段的生长发育情况。[结果]不论是二元杂交还是三元杂交,杂交后代均表现出良好的杂交优势,优良品种杂交后代生长发育极显著优于本地品种;安格斯尕力巴牛在8月龄,娟犏牛在12月龄体重达到100kg以上,可为高原犊牛肉的生产提供优质牛源。     

Metabolism of O,O-dimethyl S-[α-carboethoxy)benzyl]phosphorodithioate (phenthoate) in the white mouse and house flies

The metabolism of O,O-dimethyl S-[α-(carboethoxy)benzyl]phosphorodithioate (phenthoate), an organophosphorus insecticide of low mammalian toxicity, was investigated in white mice and in susceptible and resistant strains of house flies. Phenthoate was metabolized rapidly in the mouse to a wide variety of detoxication products and only an insignificant amount of phenthoate oxon was detected. The same detoxication products were produced in house flies but, compared to the mouse, substantial amounts of phenthoate oxon also were found. The selective toxicity of phenthoate between insect and mammal is attributable to the difference in the accumulation of the oxon.     

边坡绿化新技术的应用———加强型有机材湿 喷

介绍了加强型有机材湿喷工艺流程及“大思线”的工程案例。流程包括清理坡面、挂网,锚固、添设植生板、喷射绿化基材、覆盖无纺布以及养护。该工艺针对较陡的弱风化软质岩或强风化硬质岩路堑边坡效率高,绿化效果好,从而解决了较陡边坡绿化技术的一大难题。     

Anti-inflammatory effects of isoflavone powder produced from soybean cake

Soybean cake, a byproduct obtained during the processing of soybean oil, has been shown to be a rich source of isoflavones. The objectives of this study were to use soybean cake as raw material for processing into powder and to evaluate the anti-inflammatory activity. Eleven treatments, including powders of malonylglucoside, glucoside, acetylglucoside, aglycone, ISO-1, and ISO-2, as well as genistein standard, gamma-PGA, control, normal, and PDTC, were used for evaluation. A total of 77 mice were each provided daily with tube feeding for 4 weeks at a dose of 0.3 mL of aqueous solution from each treatment, and inflammation was induced with intraperitoneal injection of 1 mg/kg of body weight lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Results showed that all of the isoflavone powders and genistein standard were effective in inhibiting LPS-induced inflammation, lowering leukocyte number in mice blood and reducing production of IL-1beta, IL-6, NO, and PGE2 in both peritoneal exudate cell supernatant and peritoneal exudate fluid. All of the isoflavone treatments failed to retard T cell proliferation; however, both ISO-1 and ISO-2 could inhibit B cell proliferation. The difference in anti-inflammatory activity was minor between any of the isoflavone treatments.     

以電化學分析法探討堆肥對土壤三價砷活性的影響

台灣西南沿?貐^土壤中砷含量有偏高情形,砷含量過高會經由各種途徑對人體造成毒害。以X-射線繞射儀與傅立葉轉換紅外線吸收光譜儀證明普魯士藍對三價砷的孯恍晕綑C制,再以普魯士藍修飾電極搭配流動注入系統來偵測土壤三價砷,並探討堆肥對三價砷在不同土壤中吸附與脫附的影響。試驗結果得知電化學分析技術可快速、簡便且準確地偵測土壤三價砷,且結果中也指出堆肥處理會增加秀水與後里土壤對三價砷的吸附。此外,三種土壤不論有無施用堆肥,脫附百分率的大小順序爲興大>秀水>後里,其中秀水土壤雖在施用堆肥後吸附力大小明顯增加,但脫附百分率下降的情形較不明顯,顯示黏土礦物種類與含量控制三價砷的脫附行爲。