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81.
Endo H Nishiumi I Hayashi Y Rashdi AB Nadee N Nabhitabhata J Kawamoto Y Kimura J Nishida T Yamada J 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2000,62(4):375-378
The Isthmus of Kra in Southern Thailand consists of a lowland of about 70 km in length. It has been suggested that the Isthmus may sink beneath the sea surface according to the change of level of the sea, and may function as a zoogeographical barrier in land mammals in this region. So, the geographical variation was osteometrically examined in skull of the common tree shrew (Tupaia glis) from the both sides of Isthmus of Kra. The osteometrical examination demonstrated that the skull is larger in southern population than in northern one. In the charts of the principal component analysis, however, the morphological separation between two populations can not be obviously seen in female. While, the results of the discriminant analysis indicated the morphological separation between the two populations. These findings suggest that the zoogeographical barrier of Isthmus of Kra may have influence on the osteometrical variation in the common tree shrew, when the Isthmus was covered with sea. 相似文献
82.
Endo H Cao GF Borjihan D Borjihan E Dugarjav M Hayashi Y 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2000,62(5):521-524
The hump attachment structure was morphologically examined in the two-humped camel (Camelus bactrianus). The cranial hump is fixed by the trapezius and rhomboid muscles in the thoracic region. The strong collagen sheet in the basement of the hump is attached to the segmented bellies of the trapezius muscle, and the thoracic rhomboid muscle and the nuchal-supraspinous ligament support the attachment function of the trapezius muscle. The basement sheet possesses the line structure of collagen fibers, which are fitted to the segmented bundles of the trapezius muscle, and we observed that the muscle cells of the trapezius muscle are intermingled with the collagen fibers around the attachment line structure. In contrast, the caudal hump is directly attached to the subcutaneous tissue in the superficial region of the lumbar longissimus and lumbar iliocostal muscles. These findings demonstrated that the caudal hump of the two-humped camel is consistent with the hump of the one-humped camel in the attachment structure. 相似文献
83.
Kimura J Tsukise A Watanabe G Taya K Rerkamnuaychoke W Endo H Kurohmaru M Yamada J Nishida T 《Anatomia, histologia, embryologia》2000,29(5):267-271
To study the ovarian function of the Order Scandentia, the localization of inhibin and steroidogenic enzymes (3 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase/isomerase and aromatase) in the ovaries of common tree shrew (Tupaia glis) and northern smooth-tailed tree shrew (Dendrogale murina) was immunohistochemically analysed. As in the results reported for other mammals, inhibin alpha-chain was localized in the follicular epithelium of secondary or Graafian follicles in the two species. The localization of aromatase in the ovary of these two species, however, was different. In the common tree shrew, the aromatase was localized in the thecal cells, whilst in other mammals it is localized in the granulosa cells. These results indicate that in the ovary of the common tree shrew, the oestradiol may be synthesized in the thecal cells. 相似文献
84.
Takeshi Toyoda Kohei Matsushita Hirotoshi Akane Tomomi Morikawa Kumiko Ogawa 《Journal of toxicologic pathology》2021,34(4):309
2-(l-Menthoxy)ethanol has been frequently employed as a flavoring agent; however, data regarding 2-(l-menthoxy)ethanol toxicity remain limited. We performed a 13-week subchronic toxicity study of 2-(l-menthoxy)ethanol in male and female F344 rats, with doses of 0, 15, 60, or 250 mg/kg body weight (BW)/day orally administered by gavage using corn oil as the vehicle. No significant toxicological changes in general condition, body weight, or food intake were observed in any groups. The hematological assessment showed decreased hemoglobin, hematocrit, mean corpuscular volume, and mean corpuscular hemoglobin and increased platelet count in the male 250 mg/kg group. Serum biochemistry revealed elevated total cholesterol in the 250 mg/kg group of male and female rats, reduced triglyceride in the female 250 mg/kg group, and increased total protein in the male 250 mg/kg group, indicating effects on lipid metabolism and protein synthesis. For organ weights, absolute and relative weights of the liver and adrenal glands were increased in the 250 mg/kg group of both sexes and the male 250 mg/kg group, respectively. Histopathological analysis showed chronic nephropathy in the male 15 mg/kg or higher groups, with increased absolute and relative kidney weights, as well as elevated serum creatinine, in the male 60 and 250 mg/kg groups. However, eosinophilic granules containing α2u-globulin were identified in proximal tubules, suggesting α2u-globulin nephropathy specific to male rats and without toxicological significance. These results indicated that the no-observed-adverse-effect level of 2-(l-menthoxy)ethanol was 60 mg/kg BW/day for both sexes. 相似文献
85.
The adduct of the hydroxyl radical with oxygen has been studied theoretically, in connection with atmospheric reactions, but its stability and structure remained an open question. Pure rotational spectra of the HOOO and DOOO radicals have now been observed in a supersonic jet by using a Fourier-transform microwave spectrometer with a pulsed discharge nozzle. The molecular constants extracted from 12 rotational transitions with fine and hyperfine splittings support a trans planar molecular structure, in contrast to the cis planar structure predicted by most ab initio calculations. The bond linking the HO and O2 moieties is fairly long (1.688 angstroms) and comparable to the F-O bond in the isoelectronic FOO radical. 相似文献
86.
Takeoka GR Dao LT Tamura H Harden LA 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2005,53(12):4932-4937
A major anthocyanin was isolated from the acidified methanolic extract of Beluga black lentils by XAD7 column chromatography and preparative high-performance liquid chromatography. By means of electrospray ionization mass spectrometry and one- and two-dimensional nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, its structure was determined to be delphinidin 3-O-(2-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-alpha-l-arabinopyranoside). 相似文献
87.
88.
Liliana Endo‐Munoz Tristram C. Bennett Eleni Topkas Sherry Y. Wu Douglas H. Thamm Laura Brockley Maureen Cooper Scott Sommerville Maurine Thomson Kathleen O'Connell Amy Lane Guy Bird Anne Peaston Nicholas Matigian Rodney C. Straw Nicholas A. Saunders 《Veterinary and comparative oncology》2020,18(2):206-213
Osteosarcoma is the most common paediatric primary bone malignancy. The major cause of death in osteosarcoma is drug‐resistant pulmonary metastasis. Previous studies have shown that thioredoxin reductase 2 is a driver of metastasis in osteosarcoma and can be inhibited by auranofin (AF). Moreover, studies have shown that AF significantly reduces pulmonary metastases in xenotransplant models. Here, we describe a phase I/II study of AF in canine osteosarcoma, a well‐recognized spontaneous model of human osteosarcoma. We performed a single‐arm multicentre pilot study of AF in combination with standard of care (SOC) (amputation + carboplatin). We recruited 40 dogs to the trial and used a historical SOC‐only control group (n = 26). Dogs >15 kg received 9 mg AF q3d PO and dogs <15 kg received 6 mg q3d. Follow‐up occurred over at least a 3‐year period. Auranofin plus SOC improved overall survival (OS) (P = .036) in all dogs treated. The improved outcome was attributable entirely to improved OS in male dogs (P = .009). At the time of writing, 10 dogs (25%) survive without measurable disease in the treatment group with survival times ranging between 806 and 1525 days. Our study shows that AF improves OS in male dogs when combined with SOC. Our findings have translational relevance for the management of canine and human osteosarcoma. Our data justify a larger multicentre phase 2 trial in dogs and a phase I/II trial in human patients with refractory disease at the time of initial surgery. 相似文献
89.
Sarawut Srithongouthai Akira Endo Akihiro Inoue Kyoko Kinoshita Miho Yoshioka Ayako Sato Takaaki Iwasaki Ichiro Teshiba Hisatsune Nashiki Daigo Hama Hiroaki Tsutsumi 《Fisheries Science》2006,72(3):485-493
ABSTRACT: A microscopic bubble generating system (MBGS) has been developed to control dissolved oxygen (DO) levels suitable for fish farming. The MBGS has been tested to confirm its capability in net pens. Water conditions in a fish farm were monitored every two hours from June to October 2004 by setting an online vertical profiling system (OVPS) close to the net pen. DO in the net pen water decreased to physiologically stressful levels for the fish during the night (4.84–5.51 mg/L), while the DO was kept in saturated conditions during the day, due to oxygen supply from phytoplankton. The MBGS was operated from the evening to the morning of the next day for 16 h, to successfully create DO-saturated conditions in the net pen water at night. By using microscopic bubbles during the warm seasons, DO levels in the net pen water could be improved to a level suitable for fish farming. However, the low DO levels (<5.0 mg/L) of the bottom water occasionally extended to the net pen layers, despite the supply of microscopic bubbles to the water. To maintain the DO of the net pen water at levels suitable for fish farming, DO supply to the net pen water and the bottom water needs to be increased, and the organically enriched sediment just below the net pens needs to be treated. 相似文献
90.
Masaki Nagae Hirotoshi Fuda Kazuhiro Ura Hiroshi Kawamura Shinji Adachi Akihiko Hara Kohei Yamauchi 《Fish physiology and biochemistry》1994,13(1):41-48
Immunoglobulin M (IgM) is known as a main factor in the humoral immune system of teleosts. In the present study, the effect
of cortisol on plasma IgM concentrations was investigated using a specific antibody to IgM in masu salmon (Oncorhynchus masou). Cortisol was orally administered each day for 2 weeks at a dose of 1 mg g−1 in the diet, and for the following week the fish were fed a non-treated diet. Blood plasma samples were collected at 0, 1,
2 and 3 weeks after the initiation of treatment. Oral administration of cortisol elevated plasma cortisol concentrations to
about 40 ng/ml for 2 weeks after administration and slightly reduced plasma IgM concentration; the suppression was statistically
significant one week after the period of hormone administration. However, treatment with cortisol did not affect plasma concentrations
of total protein or α1-protein, one of the major serum proteins, during the experimental period. These results indicate that
cortisol specifically suppresses plasma IgM concentrations. 相似文献